Question 1

The hormone produced by the kidneys and liver which controls the rate of RBC production is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hormone produced by the kidneys and...

Question 2

Of the following statements, which one is correct regarding the biconcave shape of the RBC?

Accepted Answer

The biconcave shape of the RBC increases its surface area-to-volume ratio, allowing for a more rapid flow of gases into and out of the cell. This shape also enables the RBC to deform easily as it passes through narrow capillaries and to squeeze through small spaces between cells, which is important for oxygen delivery to tissues. However, the shape does not necessarily make the RBC more resistant to stress or allow it to live longer, nor does it directly control the amount of water entering the cell or allow it to bind oxygen more easily.

Question 3

A genetic disorder found most commonly in African Americans, Africans, and some Mediterranean populations that is characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin causing RBCs to change shape is

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that primarily affects African Americans, Africans, and some Mediterranean populations. It is characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin, causing red blood cells to change shape from a rounded disc to a sickle shape, which can lead to various complications such as painful vaso-occlusive episodes, anemia, and increased susceptibility to infections. Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disorder affecting the production of intrinsic factor, thalassemia is a genetic disorder affecting the production of hemoglobin, hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they are produced, and aplastic anemia is a disorder where the bone marrow cannot produce enough blood cells.

Question 4

Which white blood cells increase dramatically in bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils increase dramatically in bacterial infections as they are the first line of defense against bacterial infections and their main role is to phagocytize (engulf) and destroy bacteria.

Question 5

In the term leukopenia, what does the suffix mean?

Accepted Answer

The suffix "-penia" means deficiency. Therefore, leukopenia means a deficiency of white blood cells.

Question 6

Mr.Jones had a partial gastrectomy to treat a severe bleeding ulcer.Which of the following types of anemia would he be most susceptible to developing after the surgery?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia is caused by the inability to absorb sufficient amounts of vitamin B12, which is needed for the production of red blood cells. Since the stomach produces intrinsic factor, which is necessary for vitamin B12 absorption, a partial gastrectomy can lead to a decreased ability to absorb this vitamin and, therefore, the development of pernicious anemia.

Question 7

Which of the following terms has a term element that means to eat?

Accepted Answer

The term element "phage" means "to eat." Therefore, "macrophage" means a cell that eats or engulfs other cells or substances in the body. The other options do not have a term element that means to eat.

Question 8

A patient was brought to the emergency department following a car crash by EMS.Upon arrival, the nurse noted that the patient's skin color was extremely pale.Which of the following terms would the nurse use to describe the patient's skin color?

Accepted Answer

Pallor refers to an extreme paleness of the skin, which can be a sign of shock or decreased oxygenation. Cyanotic skin color would be bluish or grayish and indicate a lack of oxygen in the blood. Jaundice refers to a yellowing of the skin and eyes due to liver dysfunction. Hypoxia refers to a decreased or insufficient oxygen supply to the tissues. Erythema refers to a reddening of the skin, which can be seen in inflammation or infection.

Question 9

Which of the following terms means stick together to form clumps?

Accepted Answer

Agglutinate means to stick together to form clumps, often used to describe the clumping of blood cells or bacteria due to the action of antibodies. Hemolysis refers to the rupture or destruction of red blood cells, sedimentation refers to the settling of insoluble particles in a liquid, immunoglobulins refers to antibodies produced by the immune system, and incompatible means not able to exist or work together in a harmonious way.

Question 10

In the term pancytopenia, the prefix means

Accepted Answer

The prefix "pan" means all, and "cytopenia" refers to a deficiency or decrease in the number of blood cells, so pancytopenia means a decrease in all types of blood cells.

Question 11

The type of anemia in which the bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient new red cells, white cells, and platelets is

Accepted Answer

Aplastic anemia is a rare but serious type of anemia in which the bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient new red cells, white cells, and platelets. This can be caused by a variety of factors such as exposure to certain chemicals and radiation, certain infections, and inherited disorders. Treatment for aplastic anemia may include blood transfusions, immunosuppressive therapy, or bone marrow transplantation.

Question 12

In the term hemoglobinopathy, identify the suffix and its meaning.

Accepted Answer

The suffix -pathy means disease.

Question 13

A medical specialist in disorders of the blood is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A medical specialist in disorders of the...

Question 14

A synonym for the term platelet is

Accepted Answer

Platelet is a type of blood cell involved in clotting and hemostasis. Another term used for platelet is thrombocyte. The other options (B, C, D, and E) are different types of blood cells with distinct functions and characteristics.

Question 15

The suffix in the term erythropoiesis means

Accepted Answer

The suffix "-poiesis" means "to make" or "to produce." Therefore, erythropoiesis means the production of erythrocytes (red blood cells).

Question 16

What does the suffix-phil mean?

Accepted Answer

The suffix -phil means attraction or love for. This can be seen in words like bibliophile (love of books) and cinephile (love of movies).

Question 17

In the medical term fibrinogen, what does the suffix mean?

Accepted Answer

The suffix "-gen" in medical terminology typically means "produce" or "create."

Question 18

A patient's white blood cell count was very high.Which of the following terms would a nurse expect to see in the patient's medical record to document this abnormal lab test?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis refers to an increased number of white blood cells in the blood, which would be documented in the medical record to describe the abnormal lab test result. Leukopenia refers to a decreased number of white blood cells, while leukoneogenesis, hyperleukemia, and leukohemocytosis are not commonly used medical terms.

Question 19

Which of the following terms has a suffix that means destruction?

Accepted Answer

The suffix "-lysis" means destruction, and the term "hemolysis" refers specifically to the destruction of red blood cells.

Question 20

Which of the following terms means below normal levels of oxygen in tissues, gases or blood?

Accepted Answer

Hypoxia refers to below normal levels of oxygen in tissues, gases or blood. Anemia refers to a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, hypochromic refers to red blood cells that are pale in color due to a lack of hemoglobin, cyanosis refers to a bluish discoloration of the skin due to reduced oxygen levels in the blood, and hemolysis refers to the breakdown of red blood cells.

Quiz 11: Blood