Which theory of punishment,if the only one utilized,is the most inconsistent with Kant's theory of not using other people as means to an end?

Name: Which theory of punishment,if the only one utilized,is the most inconsistent with Kant's theory of not using other people as means to an end?
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Question

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Retribution is the most inconsistent with Kant's theory of not using other people as means to an end because it treats people as objects to be punished, rather than as ends in themselves.

Which Theory of Punishment,if the Only One Utilized,is the Most