Question 1

A preschool-age child is seen in a pediatric oncology clinic.The nurse assigned to care for the client anticipates a diagnosis of cancer.Which reactions are considered common for the preschool-age child to experience with illnesses and hospitalizations? Select all that apply.
A)Unawareness of the illness and its severity
B)Understanding of what cancer is and how it is treated
C)Thoughts that they caused their illness and are being punished
D)Confusion as to why a parent is unable to make the illness go away
E)Acceptance,especially if able to discuss the disease with children their own age

Accepted Answer

A) Preschool-age children are egocentric and have magical thinking, and thus might believe they caused their own illness. This age group may also be confused as to why their parents cannot make the illness go away. Immediate acceptance will not occur with children of any age. Adolescents find contact with others who have gone through their experience helpful. School-age children can understand a diagnosis of cancer. Infants and toddlers are unaware of the severity of the disease.
B) Preschool-age children are egocentric and have magical thinking, and thus might believe they caused their own illness. This age group may also be confused as to why their parents cannot make the illness go away. Immediate acceptance will not occur with children of any age. Adolescents find contact with others who have gone through their experience helpful. School-age children can understand a diagnosis of cancer. Infants and toddlers are unaware of the severity of the disease.
C) Preschool-age children are egocentric and have magical thinking, and thus might believe they caused their own illness. This age group may also be confused as to why their parents cannot make the illness go away. Immediate acceptance will not occur with children of any age. Adolescents find contact with others who have gone through their experience helpful. School-age children can understand a diagnosis of cancer. Infants and toddlers are unaware of the severity of the disease.
D) Preschool-age children are egocentric and have magical thinking, and thus might believe they caused their own illness. This age group may also be confused as to why their parents cannot make the illness go away. Immediate acceptance will not occur with children of any age. Adolescents find contact with others who have gone through their experience helpful. School-age children can understand a diagnosis of cancer. Infants and toddlers are unaware of the severity of the disease.
E) Preschool-age children are egocentric and have magical thinking, and thus might believe they caused their own illness. This age group may also be confused as to why their parents cannot make the illness go away. Immediate acceptance will not occur with children of any age. Adolescents find contact with others who have gone through their experience helpful. School-age children can understand a diagnosis of cancer. Infants and toddlers are unaware of the severity of the disease.

Question 2

A client with anemia is prescribed synthetic erythropoietin.When teaching the client about the therapeutic effect of this treatment,which is appropriate for the nurse to include?
A)Increase in platelets
B)Increase in red blood cells
C)Decrease in white blood cells
D)Decrease in lymph fluid

Accepted Answer

Synthetic erythropoietin is a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Therefore, the therapeutic effect of this treatment is an increase in red blood cells, which can improve the symptoms of anemia such as fatigue and shortness of breath. It does not directly affect platelets, white blood cells, or lymph fluid.

Question 3

The nurse educator is teaching a group of student nurses regarding human growth and development.Which statement by the student nurse indicates that teaching has been effective?
A)"The zygote undergoes differentiation to form a multicellular embryo,which becomes a fetus and then an infant."
B)"Meiosis occurs only in the sex cells of the testes and ovaries."
C)"Mitosis reduces the amount of genetic material by half."
D)"When the two sex cells combine during fertilization,a total of 50 chromosomes are present in the offspring's cells."

Accepted Answer

A)The zygote undergoes mitosis to form a multicellular embryo, which becomes a fetus and then an infant. Meiosis, which reduces the amount of genetic material by half, occurs only in the sex cells of the testes and ovaries. When the two sex cells combine during fertilization, the total number of chromosomes present in the offspring's cells is 46, not 50.
B)The zygote undergoes mitosis to form a multicellular embryo, which becomes a fetus and then an infant. Meiosis, which reduces the amount of genetic material by half, occurs only in the sex cells of the testes and ovaries. When the two sex cells combine during fertilization, the total number of chromosomes present in the offspring's cells is 46, not 50.
C)The zygote undergoes mitosis to form a multicellular embryo, which becomes a fetus and then an infant. Meiosis, which reduces the amount of genetic material by half, occurs only in the sex cells of the testes and ovaries. When the two sex cells combine during fertilization, the total number of chromosomes present in the offspring's cells is 46, not 50.
D)The zygote undergoes mitosis to form a multicellular embryo, which becomes a fetus and then an infant. Meiosis, which reduces the amount of genetic material by half, occurs only in the sex cells of the testes and ovaries. When the two sex cells combine during fertilization, the total number of chromosomes present in the offspring's cells is 46, not 50.

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with cancer.Which diagnostic tests may be helpful to assist with treatment options? Select all that apply.
A)Tumor markers
B)Urinalysis
C)Physical assessment
D)MRI
E)Stool analysis

Accepted Answer

A) Many diagnostic tests are helpful in determining treatment for cancer. An MRI, urinalysis, and tumor markers are all diagnostic tests that may be used to determine treatment for cancer. A stool analysis is not a diagnostic test listed to determine treatment for cancer. A physical assessment may be useful to determine how a client is responding to treatment, but it is not considered a diagnostic test.
B) Many diagnostic tests are helpful in determining treatment for cancer. An MRI, urinalysis, and tumor markers are all diagnostic tests that may be used to determine treatment for cancer. A stool analysis is not a diagnostic test listed to determine treatment for cancer. A physical assessment may be useful to determine how a client is responding to treatment, but it is not considered a diagnostic test.
C) Many diagnostic tests are helpful in determining treatment for cancer. An MRI, urinalysis, and tumor markers are all diagnostic tests that may be used to determine treatment for cancer. A stool analysis is not a diagnostic test listed to determine treatment for cancer. A physical assessment may be useful to determine how a client is responding to treatment, but it is not considered a diagnostic test.
D) Many diagnostic tests are helpful in determining treatment for cancer. An MRI, urinalysis, and tumor markers are all diagnostic tests that may be used to determine treatment for cancer. A stool analysis is not a diagnostic test listed to determine treatment for cancer. A physical assessment may be useful to determine how a client is responding to treatment, but it is not considered a diagnostic test.
E) Many diagnostic tests are helpful in determining treatment for cancer. An MRI, urinalysis, and tumor markers are all diagnostic tests that may be used to determine treatment for cancer. A stool analysis is not a diagnostic test listed to determine treatment for cancer. A physical assessment may be useful to determine how a client is responding to treatment, but it is not considered a diagnostic test.

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a toddler who is undergoing treatment for sickle cell crisis.The parents ask the nurse,"Our child has been potty trained for 2 years,but suddenly he's wetting the bed again.What do we do?" How should the nurse respond?
A)"He is likely rebelling because he doesn't like the treatments.You may need to discipline him."
B)"Bedwetting is often a sign of urinary tract infection.I will have the provider check for that."
C)"Toddlers often regress in behaviors when they are sick.Just be patient with him."
D)"Nocturnal enuresis is a side effect of his medications.Once he's done with his treatment,he will stop wetting the bed."

Accepted Answer

A)A toddler who has been potty trained will often regress in behaviors and begin wetting the bed when faced with a stressful illness. It is important for the parents to understand that this is common and that the child will likely return to previous behaviors once the health crisis is past. Bedwetting is not usually a sign of rebellion. It may be a sign of a urinary tract infection or a side effect of medications, but without additional signs or symptoms, these explanations are less likely to be true.
B)A toddler who has been potty trained will often regress in behaviors and begin wetting the bed when faced with a stressful illness. It is important for the parents to understand that this is common and that the child will likely return to previous behaviors once the health crisis is past. Bedwetting is not usually a sign of rebellion. It may be a sign of a urinary tract infection or a side effect of medications, but without additional signs or symptoms, these explanations are less likely to be true.
C)A toddler who has been potty trained will often regress in behaviors and begin wetting the bed when faced with a stressful illness. It is important for the parents to understand that this is common and that the child will likely return to previous behaviors once the health crisis is past. Bedwetting is not usually a sign of rebellion. It may be a sign of a urinary tract infection or a side effect of medications, but without additional signs or symptoms, these explanations are less likely to be true.
D)A toddler who has been potty trained will often regress in behaviors and begin wetting the bed when faced with a stressful illness. It is important for the parents to understand that this is common and that the child will likely return to previous behaviors once the health crisis is past. Bedwetting is not usually a sign of rebellion. It may be a sign of a urinary tract infection or a side effect of medications, but without additional signs or symptoms, these explanations are less likely to be true.

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a client with cancer.The nurse teaches the client about which potentially undesirable cellular alterations that can occur during the cell cycle? Select all that apply.
A)Hyperplasia
B)Differentiation
C)Anaplasia
D)Dysphagia
E)Adaptation

Accepted Answer

Hyperplasia and anaplasia are both potentially undesirable cellular alterations that can occur during the cell cycle in cancer. Hyperplasia refers to the abnormal increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, while anaplasia refers to the loss of differentiation of cells resulting in cells that are undifferentiated or poorly differentiated, increasing the potential for uncontrolled cell growth and cancer development. Differentiation, adaptation, and dysphagia are not typically associated with cancer development.

Question 7

A nurse educator is explaining the term hyperplasia to a group of nursing students.Which statement,made by a nursing student,indicates an understanding of why hyperplasia occurs with myocardial infarction?
A)"Heart muscle cells experience hyperplasia with the prolonged need for oxygen."
B)"Heart muscle cells are hyperplastic in response to muscle damage."
C)"Heart muscle cells are hyperplastic when they have lost fluid."
D)"Heart muscle cells experience hyperplasia when they respond to decreased metabolic demands."

Accepted Answer

A)Hyperplasia is an increase in density or number of normal cells in response to stress-in this case, the increased demand for oxygen. Cells that lose fluid will shrink in size. Muscle damage occurs because of inadequate nutrition, not because of hyperplasia. Heart muscle cells may become hyperplastic because of increased metabolic demands, not decreased metabolic demands.
B)Hyperplasia is an increase in density or number of normal cells in response to stress-in this case, the increased demand for oxygen. Cells that lose fluid will shrink in size. Muscle damage occurs because of inadequate nutrition, not because of hyperplasia. Heart muscle cells may become hyperplastic because of increased metabolic demands, not decreased metabolic demands.
C)Hyperplasia is an increase in density or number of normal cells in response to stress-in this case, the increased demand for oxygen. Cells that lose fluid will shrink in size. Muscle damage occurs because of inadequate nutrition, not because of hyperplasia. Heart muscle cells may become hyperplastic because of increased metabolic demands, not decreased metabolic demands.
D)Hyperplasia is an increase in density or number of normal cells in response to stress-in this case, the increased demand for oxygen. Cells that lose fluid will shrink in size. Muscle damage occurs because of inadequate nutrition, not because of hyperplasia. Heart muscle cells may become hyperplastic because of increased metabolic demands, not decreased metabolic demands.

Question 8

The nurse instructs a group of community members about ways to reduce the development of cancer.Which participant statements indicate that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.
A)"I should eat at least two servings of fruits or vegetables each day."
B)"Sunscreen should be applied before spending time outdoors."
C)"I need to cut down on my smoking."
D)"I need to get my home tested for radon."
E)"I need to minimize my child's exposure to secondhand smoke."

Accepted Answer

A)Efforts to reduce the development of cancer include eating five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Sunscreen should be used by those who spend time outside regularly for work or recreation. All smoking should be discouraged. The home should be tested for radon, which is a known cancer-causing substance. Children should be protected from exposure to tobacco smoke.
B)Efforts to reduce the development of cancer include eating five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Sunscreen should be used by those who spend time outside regularly for work or recreation. All smoking should be discouraged. The home should be tested for radon, which is a known cancer-causing substance. Children should be protected from exposure to tobacco smoke.
C)Efforts to reduce the development of cancer include eating five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Sunscreen should be used by those who spend time outside regularly for work or recreation. All smoking should be discouraged. The home should be tested for radon, which is a known cancer-causing substance. Children should be protected from exposure to tobacco smoke.
D)Efforts to reduce the development of cancer include eating five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Sunscreen should be used by those who spend time outside regularly for work or recreation. All smoking should be discouraged. The home should be tested for radon, which is a known cancer-causing substance. Children should be protected from exposure to tobacco smoke.
E)Efforts to reduce the development of cancer include eating five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Sunscreen should be used by those who spend time outside regularly for work or recreation. All smoking should be discouraged. The home should be tested for radon, which is a known cancer-causing substance. Children should be protected from exposure to tobacco smoke.

Question 9

The nurse has completed a seminar teaching a group in the community about ways to reduce cancer risks.The nurse returns a month later to evaluate the effectiveness of the seminar.Which statements made by members of the group indicate retention and application of the material presented by the nurse to reduce the risk of developing cancer? Select all that apply.
A)"I started using sunscreen when I work outside."
B)"I began drinking two glasses of red wine a day with dinner."
C)"I have reduced my intake of fiber."
D)"I have increased the amount of fried fish in my diet."
E)"I am trying to quit smoking."

Accepted Answer

Statements A and E indicate retention and application of the material presented by the nurse. Using sunscreen and quitting smoking are both effective ways to reduce the risk of developing cancer. Statements B, C, and D are not effective ways to reduce cancer risk. Drinking red wine in moderation may have some health benefits but excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk of developing cancer. Reducing fiber intake and increasing fried food intake are not recommended for cancer prevention.

Question 10

A nurse educator is teaching student nurses about methods of cellular transport.When instructing on passive transportation,which process will the nurse include in the teaching plan?
A)Endocytosis
B)Facilitated diffusion
C)Exocytosis
D)Phagocytosis

Accepted Answer

Passive transport refers to the movement of substances across cell membranes without requiring the use of energy. Facilitated diffusion is one method of passive transport in which substances move across the membrane with the help of carrier proteins, without the need for additional energy input from the cell. Endocytosis, exocytosis, and phagocytosis are all active transport processes and require energy input from the cell.

Question 11

The nurse is preparing to perform a health assessment on an adult client who has a family history of cancer.Which questions should the nurse ask the client to assess for the early warning signs of cancer? Select all that apply.
A)"Do you have a cough that is associated with seasonal allergies?"
B)"Have you noticed a change in your appetite?"
C)"Have you noticed any cuts that have not healed?"
D)"Have you had any changes in bowel or bladder habits?"
E)"Have you experienced any problems swallowing?"

Accepted Answer

A) Nurses should assess all clients, especially those with a history of cancer, for early warning signs of cancer. The early warning signs include change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in wart or mole, or a nagging cough or hoarseness. Changes in appetite or cough that is associated with seasonal allergies are not associated with the early warning signs of cancer.
B) Nurses should assess all clients, especially those with a history of cancer, for early warning signs of cancer. The early warning signs include change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in wart or mole, or a nagging cough or hoarseness. Changes in appetite or cough that is associated with seasonal allergies are not associated with the early warning signs of cancer.
C) Nurses should assess all clients, especially those with a history of cancer, for early warning signs of cancer. The early warning signs include change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in wart or mole, or a nagging cough or hoarseness. Changes in appetite or cough that is associated with seasonal allergies are not associated with the early warning signs of cancer.
D) Nurses should assess all clients, especially those with a history of cancer, for early warning signs of cancer. The early warning signs include change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in wart or mole, or a nagging cough or hoarseness. Changes in appetite or cough that is associated with seasonal allergies are not associated with the early warning signs of cancer.
E) Nurses should assess all clients, especially those with a history of cancer, for early warning signs of cancer. The early warning signs include change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in wart or mole, or a nagging cough or hoarseness. Changes in appetite or cough that is associated with seasonal allergies are not associated with the early warning signs of cancer.

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a client with leukemia.Which treatment should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client?
A)Diuretic therapy
B)Chemotherapy
C)Electrolyte replacement therapy
D)IV fluid therapy

Accepted Answer

Chemotherapy is a common treatment for leukemia, as it helps to destroy fast-growing cancer cells. Diuretic therapy, electrolyte replacement therapy, and IV fluid therapy are not typically used as treatments for leukemia.

Question 13

The nurse is teaching a class to prospective parents about the role that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)plays in the development of the human fetus.Which statement made by the parents indicates understanding of the teaching?
A)"DNA molecules are made up of genes."
B)"DNA is used to form ribosomes."
C)"DNA is outside the nucleus of the cell."
D)"DNA is attached to the endoplasmic reticulum."

Accepted Answer

DNA is made up of genes, which are the basic units of heredity that determine an individual's traits. Ribosomes are structures within cells that help synthesize proteins, but they are not formed from DNA. DNA is found within the nucleus of the cell, not outside or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 14

What independent nursing intervention is important for the nurse to implement for clients who have alterations in cellular regulation?
A)Administer pain and other medications
B)Help the client identify support systems
C)Design a diet that provides proper nutrition
D)Suggest contacting the nurse's spiritual leader

Accepted Answer

Identifying support systems is important for clients with alterations in cellular regulation because they may experience physical, emotional, and psychological stress. Having a strong support system can help them cope with these stressors and improve their overall well-being. Administering medications, designing a diet, and suggesting contacting a spiritual leader may all be important interventions as well, but identifying support systems is the most important independent nursing intervention for this population.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman with a cellular regulation disorder.The nurse understands that the woman is at higher risk for certain serious complications of pregnancy,so the nurse is planning a client teaching session related to signs and symptoms of these complications.Which condition should the nurse include in her teaching?
A)Gestational diabetes
B)Placenta previa
C)Urinary tract infection
D)Preeclampsia

Accepted Answer

Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy that can occur in women with cellular regulation disorders. It is a condition marked by high blood pressure and significant protein in the urine, which can lead to organ damage and even death if not treated promptly. The other conditions listed, such as gestational diabetes, placenta previa, and urinary tract infections, may also require monitoring and treatment during pregnancy but are not specifically associated with cellular regulation disorders.

Question 16

The nurse is preparing a seminar that discusses the risk and incidence of cancer and culture.What information is considered culturally correct when teaching about the risk of developing cancer?
A)African Americans are more likely to develop cancer than any other ethnic group.
B)Native Americans have the highest incidence of prostate cancer.
C)The incidence and mortality rate of all types of cancers are lowest in the Caucasian population.
D)The Hispanic population has the lowest mortality rate of any racial or ethnic group.

Accepted Answer

A)African American clients are more likely to develop cancer than any other ethnic group. There is no specific information about the Hispanic population. The incidence and mortality rate for cancer are lower in Native American men and women than in any other ethnic or racial group, and Native Americans and Asians have the lowest incidence of prostate cancer. Mortality rates for cancer are the lowest among the Asian/Pacific Islander population.
B)African American clients are more likely to develop cancer than any other ethnic group. There is no specific information about the Hispanic population. The incidence and mortality rate for cancer are lower in Native American men and women than in any other ethnic or racial group, and Native Americans and Asians have the lowest incidence of prostate cancer. Mortality rates for cancer are the lowest among the Asian/Pacific Islander population.
C)African American clients are more likely to develop cancer than any other ethnic group. There is no specific information about the Hispanic population. The incidence and mortality rate for cancer are lower in Native American men and women than in any other ethnic or racial group, and Native Americans and Asians have the lowest incidence of prostate cancer. Mortality rates for cancer are the lowest among the Asian/Pacific Islander population.
D)African American clients are more likely to develop cancer than any other ethnic group. There is no specific information about the Hispanic population. The incidence and mortality rate for cancer are lower in Native American men and women than in any other ethnic or racial group, and Native Americans and Asians have the lowest incidence of prostate cancer. Mortality rates for cancer are the lowest among the Asian/Pacific Islander population.

Question 17

During a treatment meeting on an oncology unit,the nurse learns that a client is scheduled for chemotherapy before and after surgery.What are the purposes for this client to receive chemotherapy at these specific times? Select all that apply.
A)Eradicate all cancer cells.
B)Shrink the tumor.
C)Kill remaining cancer cells.
D)Allow the immune system to kill cancer cells.
E)Improve wound healing.

Accepted Answer

A) It is impossible to eradicate all cancer cells with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy before surgery is used to shrink the tumor. Chemotherapy is used after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells. The use of chemotherapy before and after surgery will not allow the immune system to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy is not used to improve wound healing.
B) It is impossible to eradicate all cancer cells with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy before surgery is used to shrink the tumor. Chemotherapy is used after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells. The use of chemotherapy before and after surgery will not allow the immune system to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy is not used to improve wound healing.
C) It is impossible to eradicate all cancer cells with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy before surgery is used to shrink the tumor. Chemotherapy is used after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells. The use of chemotherapy before and after surgery will not allow the immune system to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy is not used to improve wound healing.
D) It is impossible to eradicate all cancer cells with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy before surgery is used to shrink the tumor. Chemotherapy is used after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells. The use of chemotherapy before and after surgery will not allow the immune system to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy is not used to improve wound healing.
E) It is impossible to eradicate all cancer cells with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy before surgery is used to shrink the tumor. Chemotherapy is used after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells. The use of chemotherapy before and after surgery will not allow the immune system to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy is not used to improve wound healing.

Question 18

A client being treated for cancer has a tumor designation of Stage IV,T4,N3,M1.What does this staging indicate to the nurse?
A)The tumor will respond to chemotherapy.
B)The tumor is small in size.
C)The tumor has metastasized with lymph node involvement.
D)There is one single tumor to treat.

Accepted Answer

Stage IV indicates that the cancer has spread beyond its original location to other parts of the body, in this case to lymph nodes (N3) and distant organs (M1). The tumor is also classified as T4, indicating it is large and/or has grown into nearby structures. This staging indicates a more advanced and difficult-to-treat cancer, and the client may require more aggressive treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or surgery.

Question 19

The nurse is caring for an adolescent client with a strong family history of breast cancer.What should the nurse instruct the client regarding cancer prevention? Select all that apply.
A)Encourage the client to learn more about the disease.
B)Talk to family members who have the disease.
C)Perform monthly breast self-examination.
D)Teach the side effects of cancer treatment.
E)Discuss cancer fears with the healthcare provider.

Accepted Answer

A)When there is a familial history of cancer, the family should be encouraged to learn more about the cancer. Talking to family members who have the disease will not help with early detection or prevention. In families with a history of breast cancer, the nurse should inform clients about breast self-examination. Teaching the side effects of cancer treatment would be appropriate if the client was diagnosed with breast cancer. The client can discuss cancer fears with the nurse; however, this action will not help prevent the development of the disease.
B)When there is a familial history of cancer, the family should be encouraged to learn more about the cancer. Talking to family members who have the disease will not help with early detection or prevention. In families with a history of breast cancer, the nurse should inform clients about breast self-examination. Teaching the side effects of cancer treatment would be appropriate if the client was diagnosed with breast cancer. The client can discuss cancer fears with the nurse; however, this action will not help prevent the development of the disease.
C)When there is a familial history of cancer, the family should be encouraged to learn more about the cancer. Talking to family members who have the disease will not help with early detection or prevention. In families with a history of breast cancer, the nurse should inform clients about breast self-examination. Teaching the side effects of cancer treatment would be appropriate if the client was diagnosed with breast cancer. The client can discuss cancer fears with the nurse; however, this action will not help prevent the development of the disease.
D)When there is a familial history of cancer, the family should be encouraged to learn more about the cancer. Talking to family members who have the disease will not help with early detection or prevention. In families with a history of breast cancer, the nurse should inform clients about breast self-examination. Teaching the side effects of cancer treatment would be appropriate if the client was diagnosed with breast cancer. The client can discuss cancer fears with the nurse; however, this action will not help prevent the development of the disease.
E)When there is a familial history of cancer, the family should be encouraged to learn more about the cancer. Talking to family members who have the disease will not help with early detection or prevention. In families with a history of breast cancer, the nurse should inform clients about breast self-examination. Teaching the side effects of cancer treatment would be appropriate if the client was diagnosed with breast cancer. The client can discuss cancer fears with the nurse; however, this action will not help prevent the development of the disease.

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a client with sickle cell anemia.The nurse teaches the client that the inherited alteration of which type of hemoglobin causes the abnormal shape to the red blood cell?
A)Hgb A
B)Hgb S
C)Hgb B
D)Hgb E

Accepted Answer

The inherited alteration of Hgb S causes the abnormal shape to the red blood cell in sickle cell anemia.

Quiz 2: Cellular Regulation

A preschool-age child is seen in a pediatric oncology clinic.The nurse assigned to care for the client anticipates a diagnosis of cancer.Which reactions are considered common for the preschool-age child to experience with illnesses and hospitalizations? Select all that apply.

A client with anemia is prescribed synthetic erythropoietin.When teaching the client about the therapeutic effect of this treatment,which is appropriate for the nurse to include?

The nurse educator is teaching a group of student nurses regarding human growth and development.Which statement by the student nurse indicates that teaching has been effective?

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with cancer.Which diagnostic tests may be helpful to assist with treatment options? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a toddler who is undergoing treatment for sickle cell crisis.The parents ask the nurse,"Our child has been potty trained for 2 years,but suddenly he's wetting the bed again.What do we do?" How should the nurse respond?

A nurse is caring for a client with cancer.The nurse teaches the client about which potentially undesirable cellular alterations that can occur during the cell cycle? Select all that apply.

A nurse educator is explaining the term hyperplasia to a group of nursing students.Which statement,made by a nursing student,indicates an understanding of why hyperplasia occurs with myocardial infarction?

The nurse instructs a group of community members about ways to reduce the development of cancer.Which participant statements indicate that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.

A nurse educator is teaching student nurses about methods of cellular transport.When instructing on passive transportation,which process will the nurse include in the teaching plan?

The nurse is preparing to perform a health assessment on an adult client who has a family history of cancer.Which questions should the nurse ask the client to assess for the early warning signs of cancer? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client with leukemia.Which treatment should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client?

The nurse is teaching a class to prospective parents about the role that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) plays in the development of the human fetus.Which statement made by the parents indicates understanding of the teaching?

What independent nursing intervention is important for the nurse to implement for clients who have alterations in cellular regulation?

The nurse is preparing a seminar that discusses the risk and incidence of cancer and culture.What information is considered culturally correct when teaching about the risk of developing cancer?

During a treatment meeting on an oncology unit,the nurse learns that a client is scheduled for chemotherapy before and after surgery.What are the purposes for this client to receive chemotherapy at these specific times? Select all that apply.

A client being treated for cancer has a tumor designation of Stage IV,T4,N3,M1.What does this staging indicate to the nurse?

The nurse is caring for an adolescent client with a strong family history of breast cancer.What should the nurse instruct the client regarding cancer prevention? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client with sickle cell anemia.The nurse teaches the client that the inherited alteration of which type of hemoglobin causes the abnormal shape to the red blood cell?