Question 1

Someone interested in how social change,poverty,and race affect the risk for generalized anxiety disorders probably supports which perspective?

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural perspective focuses on how societal factors such as social change, poverty, and race influence mental health and disorders.

Question 2

Which brain areas have been implicated in obsessive-compulsive symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Both the orbitofrontal cortex and the caudate nuclei have been implicated in obsessive-compulsive symptoms, particularly in relation to reward processing and habitual behavior. Dysfunction in these areas can lead to repetitive or compulsive behaviors. The other brain areas listed have not been consistently linked to obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Question 3

What are the persistent thoughts,ideas,impulses,or images that seem to invade a person's consciousness called?

Accepted Answer

Obsessions are persistent thoughts, ideas, impulses, or images that invade a person's consciousness, often causing anxiety or distress.

Question 4

Psychodynamic therapies as a treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorders:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychodynamic therapies as a treatment for obsessive-compulsive...

Question 5

If a therapist gave a client homework that required the client to challenge faulty assumptions and replace them with healthier ones,the therapist would be using:

Accepted Answer

Rational-emotive therapy (RET) is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy that focuses on identifying and challenging irrational beliefs and replacing them with rational ones. The homework given by the therapist to challenge faulty assumptions and replace them with healthier ones aligns with the principles of RET.

Question 6

Several techniques,such as modeling and role-play,are combined to treat social anxiety disorder in:

Accepted Answer

Social skills training is a type of therapy that combines various techniques, including modeling and role-play, to help individuals with social anxiety disorder learn and practice new social skills. Exposure therapy involves gradually exposing the individual to anxiety-provoking situations, while social flooding involves exposing the individual to a large and overwhelming social setting. Self-help programs may provide resources and support, but typically do not involve personalized therapy techniques. Therefore, social skills training is the best choice for the given question.

Question 7

Which brain area is rich in neurons and uses norepinephrine?

Accepted Answer

The locus coeruleus is a brain area that is rich in neurons and is the primary source of norepinephrine in the brain.

Question 8

Apparently,people develop phobias more readily to things such as spiders and the dark than they do to objects such as computers and radios.This observation supports the idea of:

Accepted Answer

Preparedness is the concept that certain fears are more easily learned due to evolutionary factors, as they may have been crucial for survival.

Question 9

How does fear differ from anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Fear is typically a response to a specific, identifiable threat, while anxiety is more generalized and not tied to a specific threat.

Question 10

Which of the following is a major similarity between the work of Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck?

Accepted Answer

Both Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck believed that maladaptive thoughts and cognitive distortions are central to the development and maintenance of anxiety and other psychological issues.

Question 11

A person is being treated for a social anxiety disorder.A therapist watches the person act out a social scene,points out what she did correctly and incorrectly,and praises her for what she did well.Which behavioral technique did the therapist NOT use?

Accepted Answer

The therapist did not use modeling, as modeling involves demonstrating a behavior for the person to imitate, which is not mentioned in the scenario.

Question 12

A woman constantly avoids crowded streets and buildings,and she is very reluctant to leave home,even with a friend.Recently,she has started experiencing sudden,extreme fear every time she enters a crowded street.MOST likely,this woman would be diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

The woman shows symptoms of agoraphobia, which involves fear of places where escape might be difficult, and panic disorder, as she experiences sudden, extreme fear in crowded places.

Question 13

Your worries are only thoughts.Don't try to stop them! Recognize that they're thoughts,and don't let them upset you so much.These statements MOST likely would come from someone using which form of therapy for generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy focuses on recognizing thoughts as mere thoughts and not letting them cause distress, which aligns with the statements provided.

Question 14

Beatrice is prescribed a medication for her anxiety.When she takes a small dose,she feels calmer.When she takes a larger dose,she can fall asleep without tossing and turning.This type of drug is called:

Accepted Answer

Sedative-hypnotic drugs are used to induce calmness in smaller doses and sleep in larger doses, fitting the description of Beatrice's medication.

Question 15

What is the biggest difference between treatment outcomes for persons with agoraphobia and persons with specific phobias?

Accepted Answer

Treatment for specific phobias often has a higher success rate and can bring more immediate relief compared to treatment for agoraphobia, which can be more complex and challenging.

Question 16

Agoraphobia is the fear of:

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia is the fear of public places, or situations where escape may be difficult or help may not be available in case of a panic attack or other distressing event. It often involves a fear of crowds, open spaces, enclosed spaces, or situations outside of one's familiar and safe environment.

Question 17

Which theoretical position explains the origin of phobias as due to classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

The behavioral position explains phobias as learned responses through classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a fearful response.

Question 18

A psychotherapist models appropriate social skills for a client with social anxiety disorder,then uses modeling for another client with a phobia for spiders.What the therapist is doing is:

Accepted Answer

Modeling is a common technique used in the treatment of both social anxiety disorder and specific phobias. By observing the therapist's behavior, clients can learn appropriate responses to situations that previously caused anxiety or fear. Therefore, the therapist's use of modeling for both clients is not uncommon or rare.

Question 19

Until recently,the evidence that generalized anxiety disorder is related to biological factors came largely from:

Accepted Answer

Family pedigree studies have shown a genetic component to generalized anxiety disorder, providing evidence that biological factors contribute to its development. Drug studies may offer insight into the efficacy of medications in treating GAD, but they do not necessarily provide evidence of the disorder's biological basis. Clinical interviews help diagnose and assess the symptoms of GAD but do not provide direct evidence of biological factors. Neurological studies may offer insight into the functioning of the brain in individuals with GAD, but they do not necessarily provide evidence of the underlying biological causes of the disorder.

Question 20

Which is NOT a disadvantage of taking benzodiazepines?

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines are typically used to treat anxiety and insomnia, so they do not cause lack of sleep or increased anxiety; rather, they can lead to dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and cognitive impairment.

Quiz 4: Anxiety, obsessive-Compulsive, and Related Disorders