Question 1

Liam is known by others as a rebellious person who seems to have a complete disregard for rules and laws.He does what he wants,without regard for the consequences and without a sense of guilt.Some accuse him of being emotionally shallow.He would probably score high on the MMPI-2 scale called:

Accepted Answer

The MMPI-2 scale for psychopathic deviate measures traits such as disregard for rules, lack of guilt, and emotional shallowness, which align with Liam's described behavior.

Question 2

The general score derived from intelligence tests is termed a(n)intelligence:

Accepted Answer

The general score derived from intelligence tests is called an intelligence quotient (IQ).

Question 3

When Rorschach testers ask,after the test,questions like,"Did the person respond to the whole picture or to specific details,and to the colors or the white spaces?",they are interested in the _____ of the response.

Accepted Answer

The style of the response refers to how the person perceives and interprets the inkblots, such as focusing on the whole picture, specific details, colors, or white spaces.

Question 4

One way a clinician might try to reduce observer drift would be to:

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the lengths of observation periods can help prevent observer drift as it reduces the likelihood of boredom or distraction. When observation periods are too long, observers may lose focus and stop paying attention to the behavior being monitored. By shortening the observation periods, observers are more likely to remain engaged and attentive. Increasing the number of behaviors being monitored (choice A) may actually increase the likelihood of observer drift as it becomes more difficult to keep track of multiple behaviors over time. Focusing on different aspects of one behavior (choice B) may also increase the likelihood of observer drift if the observer becomes too focused on one aspect and ignores others. Trying not to learn too much about a client before making observations (choice D) is not relevant to preventing observer drift.

Question 5

Which category of clinical tests tends to have the BEST standardization,reliability,and validity?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests tend to have the best standardization, reliability, and validity. This is because they are highly structured and measure specific cognitive abilities, such as processing speed, memory, and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, intelligence tests have been extensively researched and normed on large, diverse samples, ensuring that scores are comparable across individuals and groups. In contrast, projective tests rely on subjective interpretations of ambiguous stimuli, making them less standardized and more susceptible to bias and variability in scoring. Response and personality inventories also rely on self-report, which can be influenced by response biases and individual differences in interpretation and understanding of the items.

Question 6

Binet and Simon are known for their work in creating a(n):

Accepted Answer

Binet and Simon are most known for their work in creating an intelligence test, known as the Binet-Simon Scale. This test was groundbreaking in that it was one of the first standardized tests to measure intelligence levels, and was used to identify children who may have needed extra assistance in school.

Question 7

When beginning to speak with a client,a health care provider says "Do you want to share a bit about yourself and why you are here?" The clinician is MOST likely conducting a(n):

Accepted Answer

An unstructured interview allows for open-ended questions and responses, enabling the client to share information freely, as indicated by the clinician's open-ended question.

Question 8

Gertrude is a college student.Her roommate notices that she frequently displays symptoms of depression at home but seldom does so at work or during class.In this case,clinical observations of this person at work would lack:

Accepted Answer

Cross-situational validity refers to the consistency of behavior across different situations. Since Gertrude's symptoms vary between home and work/class environments, observations at work would not provide a valid representation of her behavior in other contexts, thus lacking cross-situational validity.

Question 9

During a session,Willow is given several sheets of paper.The questions describe a variety of situations to gauge how she thinks and what she would do in different situations.Willow must then go through and check "True," "False," or "Cannot say" for each question.Willow is MOST likely taking a:

Accepted Answer

A personality inventory typically involves answering questions about oneself, often in a true/false format, to assess various personality traits and characteristics.

Question 10

A new test for anxiety shows consistent levels of anxiety across time for people,but very few people have taken the test and accurate norms do not exist.The test has:

Accepted Answer

The test has high reliability, meaning that it consistently measures anxiety levels over time, but it lacks adequate standardization, as there are not enough people who have taken the test and normative data is not available.

Question 11

A clinician administers a test to a group of participants who are typical of a larger population and records their scores.The clinician plans to measure future test results of the larger population against those scores.The clinician is:

Accepted Answer

The clinician is developing the norms by administering the test to a representative sample and recording their scores to establish a baseline for future comparisons.

Question 12

DSM-5 is the classification system for abnormal behaviors that is:

Accepted Answer

DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition) is the most widely used classification system for abnormal behaviors in the United States. It is published by the American Psychiatric Association and is used by mental health professionals for diagnosis and treatment.

Question 13

Which of the following is a difference between the original MMPI and the MMPI-2?

Accepted Answer

The MMPI-2 was standardized on a more diverse and representative sample compared to the original MMPI, which was primarily based on a more homogeneous group.

Question 14

During an examination,a clinician administers a test in which clients create narratives after viewing a series of pictures that depict city skylines.This test is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

The test described involves creating narratives based on visual stimuli, which is characteristic of a projective test. Projective tests are designed to uncover underlying thoughts, feelings, and themes by interpreting ambiguous stimuli.

Question 15

Which action would a clinician who is using naturalistic observation be MOST likely to take?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in its natural setting. Therefore, the clinician would be most likely to observe parent-child interactions in the family's home rather than in an office setting. Self-monitoring by the parent could also be used, but it would not necessarily involve observation by the clinician.

Question 16

Under a psychologist's instruction,Grace's mother records the number of times Grace hits her brother at home,and what happens immediately before the hitting.In this situation,Grace's mother is:

Accepted Answer

Grace's mother is acting as a participant observer because she is directly involved in the situation and is observing and recording behavior in a natural setting.

Question 17

Support for the use of evidence-based forms of psychotherapy:

Accepted Answer

There has been a growing trend towards the use of evidence-based forms of psychotherapy in recent years, as research continues to demonstrate their effectiveness in treating various mental health disorders. This trend is reflected in the growing number of mental health professionals who are trained in evidence-based practices, as well as increasing investments in research to support these approaches.

Question 18

A clinician is particularly interested in a client's family background and community influences.The clinician's orientation is MOST likely:

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural orientation focuses on understanding how a person's family background, community, and cultural influences affect their behavior and mental processes.

Question 19

A clinical psychologist who is asked how he decides on the best treatment says "Simple: I make sure to read the most recent research studies in therapy and follow their advice." This clinical psychologist is:

Accepted Answer

Most therapists base therapy decisions on factors such as clinical experience, client preferences, and theoretical orientation, rather than solely on the latest research studies.

Question 20

When clinicians assign a diagnosis,they are saying that the pattern of dysfunction is basically the same as one that has been displayed by many other people.This is MOST important because it means:

Accepted Answer

Assigning a diagnosis based on a recognized pattern of dysfunction allows clinicians to predict which treatments have been effective for others with the same diagnosis, thus guiding treatment decisions.

Quiz 3: Clinical Assessment, diagnosis, and Treatment