International treatment guidelines recommend trauma-focused psychological treatments as the first-line treatment for PTSD.Therapies that possess this exposure element include:

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Trauma-focused psychological treatments often include exposure to the traumatic memory or its reminders. EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) involves recalling distressing experiences while receiving bilateral sensory input, such as side-to-side eye movements. Imaginal flooding involves intense and prolonged exposure to the memory of the trauma. Cognitive restructuring, a component of cognitive-behavioral therapy, can be used alongside exposure techniques to help modify negative thoughts related to the trauma. All these therapies incorporate elements of exposure to the traumatic event in their approach.

International Treatment Guidelines Recommend Trauma-Focused Psychological Treatments as the First-Line