Question 1

What law predicts the expansion of a balloon when helium is added?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

Gas pressure is a result of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Gas pressure is a result of collisions of gas particles with the walls of the container. This is because gas particles are constantly moving and colliding with each other and with the walls of the container, which exerts a force on the walls and creates pressure. Choices A, B, C, and E are not correct because they do not directly relate to the creation of gas pressure.

Question 3

Which of the following is(are) NOT a type of crystalline solid?

Accepted Answer

Covalent, molecular, ionic, and metallic solids are all types of crystalline solids characterized by regular arrangement of atoms or molecules in a repeating pattern. Amorphous solids, on the other hand, lack a long-range order and therefore do not have a specific crystal structure. Examples of amorphous solids include glass and certain plastics.

Question 4

Calculate the density of nitrogen gas (N₂) at STP, in g/L.[Molar mass: N₂, 28.0 g/mol]

Accepted Answer

At STP (standard temperature and pressure), 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters. The molar mass of nitrogen gas (N2) is 28.0 g/mol. Therefore, the density of nitrogen gas at STP can be calculated as mass/volume = 28.0 g / 22.4 L = 1.25 g/L.

Question 5

At 100°C, which gas sample exerts the greatest pressure?

Accepted Answer

The answer of At 100°C, which gas sample exerts the...

Question 6

Dalton?s Law of Partial Pressures states which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases in a container is the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if present alone under similar conditions. This means that each gas in the mixture contributes a partial pressure, and the total pressure is the sum of all the partial pressures.

Question 7

Which of the following statements correctly describes Charles's Law?

Accepted Answer

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas if the pressure and amount of gas remain constant. This means that as the temperature of a gas increases, the volume of the gas also increases, and vice versa.

Question 8

Which of the following statements correctly describes Avogadro's Law?

Accepted Answer

Avogadro's Law states that equal volumes of any ideal gas contain the same number of moles, if measured at the same temperature and pressure. The other statements refer to Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and the concept of partial pressures in gas mixtures, respectively.

Question 9

What state(s) of matter is most compressible?

Accepted Answer

Gases are the most compressible state of matter because the particles are loosely packed and can be compressed into a smaller volume under pressure. Solids and liquids have tightly packed particles which makes them less compressible.

Question 10

A gas sample is prepared in which the components have the following partial pressures: nitrogen, 555 mmHg; oxygen, 149 mmHg; water vapor, 13 mmHg; argon, 7 mmHg.What is the total pressure of this mixture?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gas sample is prepared in which...

Question 11

What process is responsible for the formation of dew on the grass early in the morning?

Accepted Answer

Dew is formed by condensation, which is the process of water vapor turning into liquid water when it comes into contact with a cool surface. In the case of dew, the cool surface is usually the grass or other vegetation on the ground. As the temperature cools during the night, the moisture in the air condenses on the cool grass blades, forming droplets of water that we see as dew in the morning.

Question 12

Two molecules of ethane experience what type of attractive forces?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two molecules of ethane experience what type...

Question 13

Which of the following represent STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) conditions?

Accepted Answer

STP refers to a temperature of 273 K (0°C) and a pressure of 1 atm. Choice D represents these conditions.

Question 14

Which of the following statements correctly describes Boyle's Law?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's Law states that at a constant temperature and amount of gas, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. This means that as the volume of a gas decreases, its pressure increases and vice versa. This relationship is described by the equation P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 and V1 represent the initial pressure and volume of the gas and P2 and V2 represent the final pressure and volume of the gas.

Question 15

Which gas under the specified conditions would come closest to exhibiting ideal gas behavior?

Accepted Answer

Ideal gas behavior is most closely approached at low pressure and high temperature, which minimizes interactions between gas molecules. H₂O (water vapor) under these conditions would behave more ideally than NH₃ (ammonia) because water vapor is a smaller molecule with less polar interactions compared to ammonia.

Question 16

Sarin is a nerve gas that was previously used as a chemical weapon.Considering the physical properties of sarin shown in the table, which statement about sarin is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sarin is a nerve gas that was...

Question 17

Which statement INCORRECTLY describes what happens to a sample of gas when it experiences an increase in temperature?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the temperature of a sample of gas does not change the number of gas particles present. The other statements are true - increasing temperature will increase the volume (if pressure is constant), increase pressure (if volume is constant), increase kinetic energy of particles, and increase particle speed.

Question 18

What is the volume occupied by a mole of an ideal gas, if the pressure is 626 mmHg and the temperature is 25.0°C?

Accepted Answer

The volume occupied by a mole of an ideal gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Given that the pressure is 626 mmHg (which is equivalent to 626/760 atm, since 1 atm = 760 mmHg), the temperature is 25.0°C (which is equivalent to 298.15 K, since you must add 273.15 to convert from Celsius to Kelvin), and n = 1 mole, we can solve for V. Using R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K), the calculation yields a volume close to 29.7 L, making choice A correct.

Question 19

Consider 1.00 L of air in a patient's lungs at 37.0°C and 1.00 atm pressure.What volume would this air occupy if it were at 25.0°C under a pressure of 5.00 × 10² atm (a typical pressure in a compressed air cylinder)?

Accepted Answer

To solve this problem, we use the combined gas law, which is $P_1V_1/T_1 = P_2V_2/T_2$, where $P$ is pressure, $V$ is volume, and $T$ is temperature in Kelvin. First, convert temperatures to Kelvin: $37.0°C = 310.15K$ and $25.0°C = 298.15K$. Then, plug in the given values: $1.00 \, \text{atm} \times 1.00 \, \text{L} / 310.15 \, \text{K} = 5.00 \, \text{atm} \times V_2 / 298.15 \, \text{K}$. Solving for $V_2$ gives $V_2 = (1.00 \, \text{atm} \times 1.00 \, \text{L} \times 298.15 \, \text{K}) / (5.00 \, \text{atm} \times 310.15 \, \text{K}) = 1.92 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{L}$.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a unit for measuring pressure?

Accepted Answer

kJ (kilojoule) is a unit of energy, not pressure. The correct units for measuring pressure are Pascal (Pa), atmosphere (atm), millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), and torr.

Quiz 5: States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

What law predicts the expansion of a balloon when helium is added?

Gas pressure is a result of which of the following?

Which of the following is(are) NOT a type of crystalline solid?

Calculate the density of nitrogen gas (N₂) at STP, in g/L.[Molar mass: N₂, 28.0 g/mol]

At 100°C, which gas sample exerts the greatest pressure?

Dalton?s Law of Partial Pressures states which of the following?

Which of the following statements correctly describes Charles's Law?

Which of the following statements correctly describes Avogadro's Law?

What state(s) of matter is most compressible?

A gas sample is prepared in which the components have the following partial pressures: nitrogen, 555 mmHg; oxygen, 149 mmHg; water vapor, 13 mmHg; argon, 7 mmHg.What is the total pressure of this mixture?

What process is responsible for the formation of dew on the grass early in the morning?

Two molecules of ethane experience what type of attractive forces?

Which of the following represent STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) conditions?

Which of the following statements correctly describes Boyle's Law?

Which gas under the specified conditions would come closest to exhibiting ideal gas behavior?

Sarin is a nerve gas that was previously used as a chemical weapon.Considering the physical properties of sarin shown in the table, which statement about sarin is FALSE?

Which statement INCORRECTLY describes what happens to a sample of gas when it experiences an increase in temperature?

What is the volume occupied by a mole of an ideal gas, if the pressure is 626 mmHg and the temperature is 25.0°C?

Consider 1.00 L of air in a patient's lungs at 37.0°C and 1.00 atm pressure.What volume would this air occupy if it were at 25.0°C under a pressure of 5.00 × 10² atm (a typical pressure in a compressed air cylinder) ?

Which of the following is NOT a unit for measuring pressure?

Quiz 5: States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

What law predicts the expansion of a balloon when helium is added?

Gas pressure is a result of which of the following?

Which of the following is(are) NOT a type of crystalline solid?

Calculate the density of nitrogen gas (N2) at STP, in g/L.[Molar mass: N2, 28.0 g/mol]

At 100°C, which gas sample exerts the greatest pressure?

Dalton?s Law of Partial Pressures states which of the following?

Which of the following statements correctly describes Charles's Law?

Which of the following statements correctly describes Avogadro's Law?

What state(s) of matter is most compressible?

A gas sample is prepared in which the components have the following partial pressures: nitrogen, 555 mmHg; oxygen, 149 mmHg; water vapor, 13 mmHg; argon, 7 mmHg.What is the total pressure of this mixture?

What process is responsible for the formation of dew on the grass early in the morning?

Two molecules of ethane experience what type of attractive forces?

Which of the following represent STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) conditions?

Which of the following statements correctly describes Boyle's Law?

Which gas under the specified conditions would come closest to exhibiting ideal gas behavior?

Sarin is a nerve gas that was previously used as a chemical weapon.Considering the physical properties of sarin shown in the table, which statement about sarin is FALSE?

Which statement INCORRECTLY describes what happens to a sample of gas when it experiences an increase in temperature?

What is the volume occupied by a mole of an ideal gas, if the pressure is 626 mmHg and the temperature is 25.0°C?

Consider 1.00 L of air in a patient's lungs at 37.0°C and 1.00 atm pressure.What volume would this air occupy if it were at 25.0°C under a pressure of 5.00 × 102 atm (a typical pressure in a compressed air cylinder) ?

Which of the following is NOT a unit for measuring pressure?

Calculate the density of nitrogen gas (N₂) at STP, in g/L.[Molar mass: N₂, 28.0 g/mol]

Consider 1.00 L of air in a patient's lungs at 37.0°C and 1.00 atm pressure.What volume would this air occupy if it were at 25.0°C under a pressure of 5.00 × 10² atm (a typical pressure in a compressed air cylinder) ?