Question 1

What is a major advantage of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)?

Accepted Answer

VATS allows for the removal of lung tumors through small incisions, minimizing the need for large cuts and thereby reducing recovery time and complications compared to traditional open surgery.

Question 2

How will the kidneys behave in respiratory acidosis?

Accepted Answer

In respiratory acidosis, the kidneys compensate by retaining bicarbonate (HCO3-) to increase the blood pH, helping to neutralize the acidosis.

Question 3

Which instruction by the nurse is inappropriate for teaching the proper technique for collection of a sputum specimen?

Accepted Answer

Collecting sputum specimens after meals is inappropriate because it can lead to contamination of the specimen with food particles and may induce vomiting in some patients. It is generally recommended to collect sputum specimens in the morning before eating or drinking.

Question 4

The patient has advanced emphysema and complains of dyspnea and fatigue.What would the most appropriate nursing intervention be for the patient problem of activity intolerance related to an imbalance between the oxygen supply and demand?

Accepted Answer

Plan care to provide optimum rest is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with activity intolerance related to an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand, such as in advanced emphysema. This approach helps to minimize oxygen demand and prevent exacerbation of symptoms.

Question 5

What is the appropriate nursing intervention for a patient,age 40,who is diagnosed with active tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Patients diagnosed with active tuberculosis should be placed in acid-fast bacillus (AFB) Isolation Precautions to prevent the spread of the disease, which is transmitted through airborne particles.

Question 6

A patient is on postoperative day 2 after undergoing a total hip replacement.The patient suddenly complains of chest pain and is coughing up blood-tinged sputum.What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

Accepted Answer

Elevating the head of the bed and administering oxygen are immediate interventions to improve respiratory function and oxygenation, which are critical in a patient showing signs of possible pulmonary complications such as a pulmonary embolism, which can occur after surgery.

Question 7

A 55-year-old man comes to the health nurse at his place of work with epistaxis.He reports he has frequent nosebleeds that he can usually control himself.What would be the most helpful assessment after the nurse has stopped the bleeding?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining a blood pressure is crucial as hypertension is a common cause of epistaxis (nosebleeds) in adults. High blood pressure can lead to the rupture of small blood vessels in the nose, causing bleeding.

Question 8

The nurse assessing an 11 year old who is having an asthma attack expects to hear adventitious sounds of:

Accepted Answer

Sibilant wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds typically heard in asthma due to narrowed airways.

Question 9

A patient,age 22,is admitted with acute asthma.The patient shows a pulse oximetry level of SaO₂ of 82%.How should the nurse interpret this?

Accepted Answer

The correct interpretation of a pulse oximetry level of 82% is that there is only 82% of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin compared with the amount available. This measurement indicates the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen, not the effectiveness of muscular respiratory effort or the percentage of red blood cells able to use oxygen.

Question 10

What is true about activities such as walking for the patient with emphysema?

Accepted Answer

Activities such as walking can help increase the capacity to use oxygen by improving the efficiency of the respiratory muscles and the cardiovascular system, even though they cannot repair the structural damage caused by emphysema.

Question 11

When assessing the SaO₂ with a pulse oximeter,the nurse will place the oximeter on a finger:

Accepted Answer

The pulse oximeter should be placed on a finger that is a normal temperature to ensure accurate readings. Cold fingers can lead to inaccurate measurements due to reduced blood flow.

Question 12

An 83-year-old patient is admitted with a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C),chest pain,and fatigue.What is the infected fluid that the physician removes called?

Accepted Answer

Empyema refers to the collection of pus within a naturally existing anatomical cavity, such as the pleural space, which is consistent with the symptoms described.

Question 13

How should the newly diagnosed patient who has been prescribed isoniazid (INH)for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB)be advised?

Accepted Answer

Isoniazid (INH) therapy for tuberculosis is a long-term treatment, typically lasting 6-9 months, to ensure the complete eradication of the bacteria. Patients should be prepared for the duration of the therapy to ensure compliance and successful treatment.

Question 14

What is the purpose of the cilia?

Accepted Answer

Cilia are primarily responsible for sweeping debris, such as dust and other particles, toward the nasal cavity to prevent them from entering the lungs.

Question 15

The patient with long-term emphysema is admitted with a secondary diagnosis of cor pulmonale.What should the nurse anticipate?

Accepted Answer

Cor pulmonale, a condition caused by pulmonary hypertension, leads to right-sided heart failure. This results in symptoms such as edema of the lower extremities and distended neck veins due to the heart's inability to pump blood effectively through the lungs.

Question 16

A patient problem for the patient with a new laryngectomy would be Social isolation related to impaired verbal communication related to removal of the larynx.What is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Providing a pad and pencil or magic slate allows the patient to communicate their needs and feelings, helping to reduce feelings of isolation and frustration associated with impaired verbal communication.

Question 17

A patient,age 69,has emphysema.On assessment,the nurse notes the presence of a "barrel chest." What does this pathology result from?

Accepted Answer

The "barrel chest" appearance in patients with emphysema results from an increased anteroposterior diameter due to overinflation of the alveoli. This overinflation is a characteristic feature of emphysema, leading to the distinctive shape of the chest.

Question 18

What is inspiratory capacity?

Accepted Answer

Inspiratory capacity is the amount of air that can be inhaled in one breath from the resting expiratory level. It combines the tidal volume (the amount of air moved with each normal inhalation and expiration) and the inspiratory reserve volume (the additional amount of air that can be inhaled with maximum effort after a normal inhalation).

Question 19

How would the nurse examining a patient with pleurisy document a low-pitched grating lung sound?

Accepted Answer

A friction rub is the correct term for a low-pitched grating lung sound, which is characteristic of pleurisy, where the pleural layers rub against each other.

Question 20

What happens when there is a decrease in the oxygen level in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Chemoreceptors located in the carotid body and aortic body detect changes in blood oxygen levels. When there is a decrease in oxygen, these chemoreceptors stimulate the respiratory centers in the brain to increase the respiratory rate, thereby increasing oxygen intake and correcting the oxygen levels in the blood.

Quiz 49: Care of the Patient With a Respiratory Disorder

What is a major advantage of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) ?

How will the kidneys behave in respiratory acidosis?

Which instruction by the nurse is inappropriate for teaching the proper technique for collection of a sputum specimen?

The patient has advanced emphysema and complains of dyspnea and fatigue.What would the most appropriate nursing intervention be for the patient problem of activity intolerance related to an imbalance between the oxygen supply and demand?

What is the appropriate nursing intervention for a patient,age 40,who is diagnosed with active tuberculosis?

A patient is on postoperative day 2 after undergoing a total hip replacement.The patient suddenly complains of chest pain and is coughing up blood-tinged sputum.What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

A 55-year-old man comes to the health nurse at his place of work with epistaxis.He reports he has frequent nosebleeds that he can usually control himself.What would be the most helpful assessment after the nurse has stopped the bleeding?

The nurse assessing an 11 year old who is having an asthma attack expects to hear adventitious sounds of:

A patient,age 22,is admitted with acute asthma.The patient shows a pulse oximetry level of SaO₂ of 82%.How should the nurse interpret this?

What is true about activities such as walking for the patient with emphysema?

When assessing the SaO₂ with a pulse oximeter,the nurse will place the oximeter on a finger:

An 83-year-old patient is admitted with a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C) ,chest pain,and fatigue.What is the infected fluid that the physician removes called?

How should the newly diagnosed patient who has been prescribed isoniazid (INH) for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) be advised?

What is the purpose of the cilia?

The patient with long-term emphysema is admitted with a secondary diagnosis of cor pulmonale.What should the nurse anticipate?

A patient problem for the patient with a new laryngectomy would be Social isolation related to impaired verbal communication related to removal of the larynx.What is an appropriate nursing intervention?

A patient,age 69,has emphysema.On assessment,the nurse notes the presence of a "barrel chest." What does this pathology result from?

What is inspiratory capacity?

How would the nurse examining a patient with pleurisy document a low-pitched grating lung sound?

What happens when there is a decrease in the oxygen level in the blood?

Quiz 49: Care of the Patient With a Respiratory Disorder

What is a major advantage of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) ?

How will the kidneys behave in respiratory acidosis?

Which instruction by the nurse is inappropriate for teaching the proper technique for collection of a sputum specimen?

The patient has advanced emphysema and complains of dyspnea and fatigue.What would the most appropriate nursing intervention be for the patient problem of activity intolerance related to an imbalance between the oxygen supply and demand?

What is the appropriate nursing intervention for a patient,age 40,who is diagnosed with active tuberculosis?

A patient is on postoperative day 2 after undergoing a total hip replacement.The patient suddenly complains of chest pain and is coughing up blood-tinged sputum.What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

A 55-year-old man comes to the health nurse at his place of work with epistaxis.He reports he has frequent nosebleeds that he can usually control himself.What would be the most helpful assessment after the nurse has stopped the bleeding?

The nurse assessing an 11 year old who is having an asthma attack expects to hear adventitious sounds of:

A patient,age 22,is admitted with acute asthma.The patient shows a pulse oximetry level of SaO2 of 82%.How should the nurse interpret this?

What is true about activities such as walking for the patient with emphysema?

When assessing the SaO2 with a pulse oximeter,the nurse will place the oximeter on a finger:

An 83-year-old patient is admitted with a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C) ,chest pain,and fatigue.What is the infected fluid that the physician removes called?

How should the newly diagnosed patient who has been prescribed isoniazid (INH) for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) be advised?

What is the purpose of the cilia?

The patient with long-term emphysema is admitted with a secondary diagnosis of cor pulmonale.What should the nurse anticipate?

A patient problem for the patient with a new laryngectomy would be Social isolation related to impaired verbal communication related to removal of the larynx.What is an appropriate nursing intervention?

A patient,age 69,has emphysema.On assessment,the nurse notes the presence of a "barrel chest." What does this pathology result from?

What is inspiratory capacity?

How would the nurse examining a patient with pleurisy document a low-pitched grating lung sound?

What happens when there is a decrease in the oxygen level in the blood?

A patient,age 22,is admitted with acute asthma.The patient shows a pulse oximetry level of SaO₂ of 82%.How should the nurse interpret this?

When assessing the SaO₂ with a pulse oximeter,the nurse will place the oximeter on a finger: