Question 1

________ deafness results from conditions in the middle ear that block the normal transfer of vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window.

Accepted Answer

Conduction deafness occurs when sound waves cannot travel through the outer and middle ear properly, which leads to a lack of stimulation of the inner ear and consequently causes hearing impairment. This can occur due to an accumulation of wax in the ear canal, a blockage caused by a foreign object, or damage to the bones of the middle ear, among other factors.

Question 2

The structure that separates the cochlear duct from the scala tympani is the

Accepted Answer

The structure that separates the cochlear duct from the scala tympani is the basilar membrane. The tectorial membrane is located above the organ of Corti, the vestibular duct is another name for the scala vestibuli, and the malleus is one of the three ossicles in the middle ear. Therefore, the correct answer is B, basilar membrane.

Question 3

The tympanic membrane vibrates to frequencies between

Accepted Answer

The tympanic membrane, or eardrum, vibrates in response to sound waves, and the human ear is generally capable of hearing frequencies between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz. This range represents the limits of human hearing, from the lowest bass sounds to the highest frequencies that can be detected.

Question 4

Your grandmother who lives in an assisted living facility is always complaining about how bad the food is.You eat there with her often and find the food to be cooked well and interesting,even though the food is not what you would really prefer.What is the most reasonable explanation for this?

Accepted Answer

As a person ages, they tend to have a decline in the number of gustatory cells in their taste bud receptors. This can lead to a diminished ability to detect and distinguish flavors, which may lead to a perception that food is not as good as it once was. So, it's possible that your grandmother genuinely finds the food at the assisted living facility to be bad-tasting, even though you do not.

Question 5

The hearing receptors are located in the

Accepted Answer

The hearing receptors, also known as hair cells, are located within the cochlear duct in the inner ear. The other structures listed (ampulla, utricle, saccule, and semicircular canals) are involved in the detection of head movements or acceleration, known as the vestibular system.

Question 6

The sense of hearing is provided by receptors of the

Accepted Answer

The internal ear contains the sensory receptors responsible for hearing, such as the cochlea. The outer ear, middle ear, pinna, and semicircular canals play important roles in the perception of sound and balance, but they do not contain the actual receptors responsible for hearing.

Question 7

The branch of the cranial nerve that is responsible for monitoring changes in equilibrium is the ________ branch.

Accepted Answer

The vestibular branch of the cranial nerve is responsible for monitoring changes in equilibrium, which is the sense of balance and spatial orientation. The other choices, such as the cochlear branch, trigeminal branch, and auditory branch, are responsible for hearing and sensory functions related to the face and head, but not specifically equilibrium. The otoconial branch is not a recognized branch of the cranial nerve.

Question 8

The movement of the stapes at the oval window establishes pressure waves in the

Accepted Answer

The oval window separates the middle ear from the inner ear and when the stapes bone moves, it causes the oval window to vibrate, creating pressure waves in the fluids of the inner ear. The perilymph of the scala vestibuli, located next to the oval window, is the fluid that receives these pressure waves. The other options are not directly involved in receiving pressure waves from the movement of the stapes at the oval window.

Question 9

Receptors in the ________ provide sensations of gravity and linear acceleration.

Accepted Answer

The receptors that provide sensations of gravity and linear acceleration are located in the vestibule, which is part of the inner ear. The semicircular canals detect rotational acceleration, while the cochlea is responsible for hearing. The auditory ossicles are the small bones in the middle ear that transmit vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. The internal acoustic meatus is a passageway that contains nerves and blood vessels between the inner ear and the brainstem.

Question 10

What do the receptors for hearing,static equilibrium,and dynamic equilibrium all have in common?

Accepted Answer

All of these sensory receptors (hearing, static equilibrium, and dynamic equilibrium) have hair cells that contain stereocilia, which are sensitive to mechanical stimuli and help transduce the stimuli into nerve impulses.

Question 11

You notice that your father holds his book farther from his face than he used to.Since you are taking an anatomy and physiology course,you realize that this is due to

Accepted Answer

As the question describes the symptom of holding the book farther from the face, it suggests that the issue is with near vision. This is a common indication of presbyopia, where the lens loses its elasticity and ability to change shape to focus on close objects. This is most likely the reason for the change in your father's vision.

Question 12

Movement of the sensory receptors in the ampullae of the semicircular canals

Accepted Answer

The sensory receptors in the ampullae of the semicircular canals are responsible for detecting rotational movement of the head. When the head rotates, the fluid in the canals moves, which in turn moves the sensory receptors. This movement stimulates the receptor cells, alerting us to the rotational movement.

Question 13

The structure that overlies the spiral organ,and which is firmly attached to the walls of the cochlear duct,is the

Accepted Answer

The tectorial membrane overlies the spiral organ (also known as the organ of Corti) in the cochlear duct and is firmly attached to the walls of the duct. The basilar membrane is located beneath the spiral organ and vibrates in response to sound waves. Endolymph is the fluid that fills the cochlear duct, while the malleus is one of the auditory ossicles in the middle ear. The vestibular duct is also known as the scala vestibuli and is one of the two chambers that flank the cochlear duct.

Question 14

Sound energy is converted into mechanical movements by the

Accepted Answer

Sound energy is first captured by the tympanic membrane (eardrum), which is then converted into mechanical movements that are transmitted to the auditory ossicles, including the malleus, incus, and stapes. The movement of the stapes against the oval window, which separates the middle ear from the inner ear, then generates fluid waves in the cochlea, where sound energy is finally transformed into neural signals that can be interpreted by the brain.

Question 15

Tom recently had surgery to remove some polyps (growths)from his sinuses.After he heals from the surgery,he notices that his sense of smell is not as keen as it was prior to the procedure.What is the reason for this side effect?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tom recently had surgery to remove some...

Question 16

The frequency of a sound is indicated to the nervous system by the

Accepted Answer

The region of the basilar membrane of the spiral organ that is stimulated determines the frequency of a sound. Each region of the basilar membrane corresponds to a specific frequency, with high frequencies detected near the base and low frequencies detected near the apex of the cochlea. As sound waves enter the cochlea, they cause vibrations along the basilar membrane, stimulating the hair cells in a specific region and indicating the frequency of the sound to the nervous system.

Question 17

Your young child has a middle ear infection: otitis media.There is a build-up of fluid,bacteria,and white blood cells,or pus,inside of the middle ear chamber.Why has this affected the child's hearing?

Accepted Answer

The auditory ossicles, which consist of the malleus, incus, and stapes, are responsible for transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. In the case of an ear infection with fluid buildup, the ossicles are unable to vibrate freely, which impairs the transmission of sound waves and ultimately affects the child's hearing.

Question 18

Your five-year-old daughter's teacher says that your child has been having problems seeing the whiteboard in the classroom.The doctor checks and diagnoses her with myopia.Does this problem have to do with a cloudiness of the lens,pressure problems,or the length of the eyeball? Pick one of the choices,explain the problem,and describe the treatment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your five-year-old daughter's teacher says that your...

Quiz 9: The General and Special Senses