Question 1

A series of nested if statements is also called a ____ if statement.
A) stacked
B) cascading
C) indented
D) waterfall

Accepted Answer

A series of nested if statements is referred to as a "cascading" if statement, as it resembles a cascade where each condition flows into the next.

Question 2

The ____ clause of the decision is the part that executes only when the tested condition in the decision is false.
A) if
B) then
C) else
D) endif

Accepted Answer

The "else" clause in a decision structure is executed when the tested condition is false, providing an alternative path of execution.

Question 3

Both operands in a comparison expression must be the same ____.
A) value
B) name
C) length
D) data type

Accepted Answer

In programming, when comparing two operands, it is essential that they are of the same data type to ensure a valid and meaningful comparison. Different data types can lead to unexpected results or errors.

Question 4

Most programming languages limit the number of AND and OR operators in an expression.

Accepted Answer

Most programming languages do not impose a limit on the number of AND and OR operators in an expression; rather, the limitation would typically come from system resources or the complexity of parsing the expression.

Question 5

You can use parentheses to override the default order of operations.

Accepted Answer

Parentheses can be used to change the sequence in which operations are performed, overriding the default mathematical order of operations.

Question 6

A ____ expression is one that represents only one of two states,usually expressed as true or false.
A) single-alternative
B) Boolean
C) Unicode
D) dual

Accepted Answer

A Boolean expression is one that evaluates to one of two states, typically true or false, representing binary logic.

Question 7

You use the case structure only when a series of decisions is based on a single expression.

Accepted Answer

The case structure is used to select one of many blocks of code to be executed, based on the evaluation of a single expression, making it ideal for scenarios where a series of decisions is derived from the value of a single variable or expression.

Question 8

When you need to satisfy two or more criteria to initiate an event in a program,you must make sure that the second decision is made entirely independently of the first decision.

Accepted Answer

When you need to satisfy two or more criteria to initiate an event in a program, the decisions can be dependent or independent of each other, based on the specific requirements of the program. Logical operators like AND, OR, etc., can be used to combine these criteria in various ways.

Question 9

Usually,____ variables are not considered to be equal unless they are identical.
A) string
B) integer
C) character
D) floating point

Accepted Answer

String variables are not considered equal unless they are identical, meaning they have the exact same sequence of characters.

Question 10

Most languages allow a specialized selection structure called the ____ structure when there are several distinct possible values for a single variable,and each value requires a different subsequent action.
A) cascading
B) case
C) nested if
D) short-circuit

Accepted Answer

The correct term for a specialized selection structure that allows for different actions based on several distinct possible values of a single variable is the "case" structure, often implemented as a switch-case statement in many programming languages.

Question 11

Most programming languages allow you to ask two or more questions in a single comparison.

Accepted Answer

Most programming languages support logical operators (such as AND, OR, NOT) that allow you to combine multiple conditions or questions into a single comparison statement.

Question 12

The ____ clause is the part of the decision that holds the action or actions that execute when the tested condition in the decision is true.
A) else
B) endif
C) if-then
D) Boolean

Accepted Answer

The "if-then" clause is the part of a decision structure that specifies the action or actions to be executed when the tested condition is true. This clause directly follows the "if" condition and precedes any "else" or "endif" clauses.

Question 13

When you ask multiple questions before an outcome is determined,you create a ____ condition.
A) dual-alternative
B) nested
C) single-alternative
D) compound

Accepted Answer

A compound condition involves multiple questions or conditions that must be evaluated before determining an outcome.

Question 14

Any decision can be made using combinations of just two types of comparisons: equal and not equal.

Accepted Answer

Decisions often require a variety of comparison types beyond just equal and not equal, such as greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than or equal to, to fully evaluate conditions and make informed decisions.

Question 15

In any comparison,the two values compared can be either variables or constants.

Accepted Answer

In comparisons, both variables (which are symbols representing values) and constants (fixed values) can be compared to each other.

Question 16

When you combine AND and OR operators,the OR operators take precedence,meaning their Boolean values are evaluated first.

Accepted Answer

In Boolean logic, the AND operator takes precedence over the OR operator, meaning expressions involving AND are evaluated before those involving OR unless parentheses dictate otherwise.

Question 17

A(n)____ decision is a decision in which two conditions must be true for an action to take place.
A) OR
B) XOR
C) AND
D) OR-ELSE

Accepted Answer

A "AND" decision requires both conditions to be true for the action to proceed, fitting the description given.

Question 18

A short-circuit evaluation is where each part of an expression is evaluated only as far as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false.

Accepted Answer

In short-circuit evaluation, if the first operand in a logical AND (&&) operation evaluates to false, the second operand is not evaluated, because the whole expression cannot be true. Similarly, in a logical OR (||) operation, if the first operand evaluates to true, the second operand is not evaluated, because the whole expression is already true. This optimization technique avoids unnecessary evaluations.

Question 19

The NOT operator is a unary operator,meaning it takes only one operand.

Accepted Answer

The NOT operator is indeed a unary operator because it operates on a single operand, typically to reverse its logical state.

Question 20

____ operators require two operands.
A) Unary
B) Tertiary
C) Binary
D) Dual

Accepted Answer

Binary operators require two operands to perform their operations, such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), and division (/).

Quiz 4: Making Decisions

A series of nested if statements is also called a ____ if statement.

The ____ clause of the decision is the part that executes only when the tested condition in the decision is false.

Both operands in a comparison expression must be the same ____.

Most programming languages limit the number of AND and OR operators in an expression.

You can use parentheses to override the default order of operations.

A ____ expression is one that represents only one of two states,usually expressed as true or false.

You use the case structure only when a series of decisions is based on a single expression.

When you need to satisfy two or more criteria to initiate an event in a program,you must make sure that the second decision is made entirely independently of the first decision.

Usually,____ variables are not considered to be equal unless they are identical.

Most languages allow a specialized selection structure called the ____ structure when there are several distinct possible values for a single variable,and each value requires a different subsequent action.

Most programming languages allow you to ask two or more questions in a single comparison.

The ____ clause is the part of the decision that holds the action or actions that execute when the tested condition in the decision is true.

When you ask multiple questions before an outcome is determined,you create a ____ condition.

Any decision can be made using combinations of just two types of comparisons: equal and not equal.

In any comparison,the two values compared can be either variables or constants.

When you combine AND and OR operators,the OR operators take precedence,meaning their Boolean values are evaluated first.

A(n) ____ decision is a decision in which two conditions must be true for an action to take place.

A short-circuit evaluation is where each part of an expression is evaluated only as far as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false.

The NOT operator is a unary operator,meaning it takes only one operand.

____ operators require two operands.