Question 1

Aversion therapy has been mainly used in the treatment of _____ use disorder.

Accepted Answer

Aversion therapy has been primarily used in the treatment of alcohol use disorder, where unpleasant stimuli are paired with alcohol consumption to reduce the desire to drink.

Question 2

Which drug treatment approach makes incentives (such as program privileges) dependent on the submission of drug-free urine specimens?

Accepted Answer

Contingency management is a behavioral therapy approach where incentives are given to reinforce positive behaviors such as submitting drug-free urine samples.

Question 3

Austin is taking two different drugs that have similar actions in the body. The primary concern is that this could cause a(n):

Accepted Answer

When two drugs with similar actions are taken together, they can produce a synergistic effect, where the combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual effects.

Question 4

Which statement is NOT a sociocultural explanation for the cause of substance disorders?

Accepted Answer

Sociocultural explanations for substance disorders focus on the influence of societal, economic, and cultural factors. The statement in D is more aligned with psychological explanations, emphasizing individual emotional and developmental issues rather than sociocultural factors.

Question 5

Sometimes two or more drugs are so similar in their actions on the brain and the body that as people build a tolerance for one drug, they are simultaneously developing a tolerance for the other. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cross-tolerance occurs when tolerance to the effects of one drug causes tolerance to another drug, typically because the drugs are similar in their pharmacological action.

Question 6

Which method of ingesting a substance produces the fastest effect on the brain?

Accepted Answer

Inhaling a substance allows it to enter the bloodstream quickly through the lungs, reaching the brain faster than other methods.

Question 7

An inpatient at a hospital is going through detoxification. To reduce severe alcohol withdrawal reactions such as delirium tremens and seizures, the clinician would MOST likely administer:

Accepted Answer

Antianxiety drugs, particularly benzodiazepines, are commonly used to manage and reduce severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including delirium tremens and seizures, due to their sedative, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties.

Question 8

A therapist is treating a client for cocaine abuse. As part of the treatment, the therapist addresses the stresses that commonly lead to relapse. This therapist is MOST likely providing:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A therapist is treating a client for...

Question 9

_____ is often given to people who are trying to stop consuming alcohol.

Accepted Answer

Disulfiram is used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to ethanol (drinking alcohol). It works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, causing a severe reaction when alcohol is consumed. Methadone is primarily used for opioid dependence, Naloxone for opioid overdose, and there is no widely recognized product known as "the alcohol patch" for treating alcohol dependence.

Question 10

Which theory explains drug-seeking behavior as led by a rewarding effect that makes using the substance again more likely?

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning explains drug-seeking behavior by stating that the rewarding effect of using a substance increases the likelihood of using the substance again. This is because the behavior (drug use) is reinforced by the positive feelings or relief from withdrawal symptoms, making it more likely to be repeated.

Question 11

Chronic and excessive use of alcohol or benzodiazepines may lower the brain's production of:

Accepted Answer

Chronic and excessive use of alcohol or benzodiazepines can lead to a decrease in the brain's production of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), as these substances enhance GABA activity and the brain may reduce its own production in response.

Question 12

The combined impact of different drugs multiplying or potentiating each other's effects is known as the _____ effect.

Accepted Answer

The synergistic effect refers to the phenomenon where the combined impact of different drugs multiplies or potentiates each other's effects, making the overall effect stronger than the sum of their individual effects.

Question 13

Drugs that bind to endorphin receptor sites and make it impossible for opioids to have their usual effect are known as:

Accepted Answer

Narcotic antagonists, such as naloxone, bind to opioid receptors without activating them, effectively blocking opioids from exerting their effects, making them useful in treating overdoses.

Question 14

A community program designed to prevent the misuse of substances is an example of a _____ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Sociocultural therapy focuses on the social and cultural factors that influence an individual's behavior and well-being, including community programs aimed at preventing substance misuse.

Question 15

Regular use of opioids may reduce the brain's production of:

Accepted Answer

Regular use of opioids can lead to a reduction in the brain's production of endorphins. Endorphins are natural painkillers produced by the brain, and when opioids are used regularly, the brain may produce fewer endorphins, leading to increased sensitivity to pain and dependence on opioids to manage pain.

Quiz 12: Substance Use and Addictive Disorders