Question 1

Discuss the importance of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms,the Constitution Act,and the Criminal Code with respect to police practices in Canada.Further,discuss the challenges police services face in finding a balance between maintaining public safety and security and adhering to the rule of law and ensuring citizen rights.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Describe the differences between the social contract perspective on the role of the police and the radical perspective on the role of the police,and discuss which perspective you support.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

The rates of violent crime in Canada are highest in remote,Northern Aboriginal and Inuit communities.

Accepted Answer

Remote, Northern Aboriginal and Inuit communities in Canada often face higher rates of violent crime compared to other regions, due to a variety of complex socio-economic factors, including poverty, substance abuse, and the lingering effects of colonialism and residential schools.

Question 4

The costs of the Canadian justice system increased by 45 percent between 2002 and 2012.

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

Police officers spend most of their time enforcing the law and much less time attending to order maintenance activities.

Accepted Answer

Police officers actually spend a significant portion of their time on order maintenance activities, such as resolving disputes, assisting people, and handling non-criminal incidents, rather than strictly enforcing laws.

Question 6

Griffiths defines police legitimacy as "neutral,fair,and respectful decision-making procedures employed by police agencies."

Accepted Answer

Griffiths defines police legitimacy more broadly, encompassing not just the fairness and respectfulness of procedures but also the public's perception of the police as entitled to exercise authority and the willingness of the public to defer to this authority. Neutral, fair, and respectful decision-making procedures are aspects of procedural justice, which is a component of police legitimacy, but not the entirety of Griffiths' definition.

Question 7

Canada's homicide rate is at its lowest level since the 1960s.

Accepted Answer

Canada's homicide rate has been steadily declining since the 1960s and is now at its lowest level in over 50 years.

Question 8

Policing is the "activities of any individual or organization acting legally on behalf of public or private organizations or persons to maintain security or social order while empowered by either public or private contract,regulations or policies,written or verbal."

Accepted Answer

This definition encompasses the broad range of activities and actors involved in maintaining security and social order, including both public police forces and private security providers, underlining the diversity of policing practices based on different forms of authority and contracts.

Question 9

Police officers experience conflict in carrying out their duties because they are expected to protect both public order and individual rights.

Accepted Answer

Police officers often face a conflict in their duties as they are tasked with maintaining public order, which sometimes involves enforcing laws and regulations that may restrict individual behaviors, while also being expected to protect individual rights, including freedom, privacy, and protection from undue harm. This dual responsibility can lead to situations where the officers must balance the need for public safety with respecting personal freedoms, creating inherent conflicts in their roles.

Question 10

"Trial by YouTube" refers to citizens judging the appropriateness of police decision making based on video clips posted to social media websites.

Accepted Answer

"Trial by YouTube" refers to the phenomenon where individuals form judgments and opinions on legal matters, including police actions, based on video evidence and discussions found on social media platforms like YouTube, often without the context or comprehensive evidence that would be considered in a formal legal setting.

Question 11

Police officers,military officers,and correctional officers are the only criminal justice personnel in Canada with the authority to use force.

Accepted Answer

Police officers, military officers, and correctional officers are the only criminal justice personnel in Canada with the authority to use force.

Question 12

No other piece of legislation has had as strong an impact on the powers and activities of the police as The Constitution Act,1867.

Accepted Answer

The Constitution Act, 1867 primarily outlines the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments in Canada and does not directly address the powers and activities of the police. Other pieces of legislation and amendments, such as the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (1982), have had a more direct and significant impact on policing by setting out the rights of individuals in relation to police actions.

Question 13

Define policing and briefly discuss three influences on the role and activities of the police.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 1: Considering Police Work