Question 1

The decline in sexual activity in middle adulthood can be explained by the fact that the demands of other roles are simply so pressing that middle-aged adults find it hard to find time for sex.

Accepted Answer

Middle-aged adults often have multiple roles and responsibilities, such as work, parenting, caring for aging parents, and maintaining household responsibilities. These demands can make it difficult for middle-aged adults to find time and energy for sexual activity. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 2

Osteoporosis affects women more than men.

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is more common in women, especially after menopause, because of the decrease in estrogen levels. However, it can also affect men.

Question 3

Some parts of the brain of middle-aged alcoholics are smaller and less responsive to stimuli than those of nonalcoholics.

Accepted Answer

Repeated heavy alcohol consumption can lead to brain damage and shrinkage, especially in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, which can result in less responsiveness to stimuli. This is more common in middle-aged alcoholics.

Question 4

The lifetime probability of developing cancer is 45% for men and 42% for women.

Accepted Answer

The information given is true. According to the American Cancer Society, the lifetime probability of developing cancer is 45% for men and 42% for women.

Question 5

Men may die earlier than women,but women generally suffer from more disease and disabilities.

Accepted Answer

While men tend to have shorter lifespans on average, women tend to have higher rates of chronic conditions such as arthritis, osteoporosis, and autoimmune diseases.

Question 6

Studies have found that the death rates of men with alcoholism who are in their 50s and early 60s are five to six times higher than among nonalcoholics.

Accepted Answer

Studies have indeed found that the death rates of men with alcoholism who are in their 50s and early 60s are five to six times higher than among nonalcoholics.

Question 7

Although diet and exercise help prevent osteoporosis,once the disease is actually diagnosed treatments have proven ineffective.

Accepted Answer

There are several effective treatments for osteoporosis, including medications such as bisphosphonates, hormone therapy, and bone-building drugs. Lifestyle changes such as increasing calcium and vitamin D intake, weight-bearing exercise, and quitting smoking can also help slow the progression of the disease.

Question 8

Due to the positive effects of cardiovascular fitness,you can tell a middle-aged friend that exercise will help him maintain his cognitive abilities.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that exercise, particularly cardiovascular exercise, can help maintain cognitive abilities in middle-aged and older adults. This is because exercise improves blood flow and oxygenation to the brain, which can enhance cognitive function and reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.

Question 9

Research has shown that there is now little doubt that several types of cancers are caused by infectious agents and are therefore largely preventable.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that certain infectious agents, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV), and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), can cause several types of cancers including cervical cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, and others. Vaccines and preventative measures can help reduce the risk of these infections and therefore prevent some types of cancers.

Question 10

Bone loss begins at about age 30 for both men and women.

Accepted Answer

Bone loss does indeed begin at about age 30 for both men and women. This is due to a decrease in bone density and the body's decreased ability to form new bone tissue.

Question 11

A greater risk of coronary heart disease is associated with type A and B personality patterns.

Accepted Answer

Type A personality, characterized by impatience, competitiveness, and hostility, is more commonly associated with a higher risk of coronary heart disease, not Type B personality, which is generally more relaxed and less prone to stress-induced health issues.

Question 12

The recollection of personal events uses semantic memory.

Accepted Answer

The recollection of personal events uses episodic memory, which is responsible for storing information about events (episodes) that we have experienced in our personal past. Semantic memory, on the other hand, deals with general world knowledge and facts.

Question 13

Research demonstrates that many individuals in the field of science produce their best work around the age of 40,not because the mind works better at that age,but because productivity is at its highest.

Accepted Answer

Research supports the statement that many individuals in the field of science produce their best work around the age of 40 due to highest productivity at that age, not necessarily because the mind works better.

Question 14

The leading cause of death of Canadians in middle and old age is cardiovascular disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The leading cause of death of Canadians...

Question 15

A middle-aged adult is more likely to have difficulty retrieving a semantic memory than an episodic memory.

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory, which involves facts and general knowledge, tends to be preserved longer than episodic memory, which involves personal experiences and specific events, as people age. Middle-aged adults typically have more difficulty with episodic memory retrieval.

Question 16

Natural supplements (food,herb,and vitamin)have proven to be as effective as Viagra in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Accepted Answer

While some natural supplements may have potential benefits for improving erectile function, there is insufficient scientific evidence to prove they are as effective as Viagra (sildenafil), which is a well-studied and FDA-approved medication for treating erectile dysfunction.

Question 17

In early adulthood,the gender difference in disease rate can be largely attributed to health problems associated with child-bearing.

Accepted Answer

Women are more likely to experience health problems related to their reproductive system, such as menstrual irregularities, pregnancy-related complications, and breast cancer. These health issues contribute to the gender difference in disease rates in early adulthood.

Question 18

Menopause is generally considered to be a single event.

Accepted Answer

Menopause is not a single event but rather a transitional phase that can last several years, during which a woman's menstrual cycle gradually comes to an end. The actual point of menopause, defined as 12 months without a menstrual period, can only be determined in hindsight.

Question 19

The creative process is a highly individualized intellectual activity.

Accepted Answer

The creative process is subjective and varies based on an individual's personality, experiences, and perspectives. Therefore, it is a highly individualized intellectual activity.

Question 20

A man's life expectancy is greater than a woman's.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Women have a higher life expectancy than men in almost all countries around the world. The reasons for this are complex and include biological, social, and lifestyle factors.

Quiz 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood