Question 1

Sexual selection can result in an increased frequency of alleles,which

Accepted Answer

Sexual selection can lead to traits that are advantageous for mating success but might be detrimental to survival, such as bright plumage in birds that attracts mates but also predators.

Question 2

The original source of genetic variation within a population is ________.

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The answer of The original source of genetic variation within...

Question 3

The only mechanism of evolutionary change that is not influenced by chance events is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The only mechanism of evolutionary change that...

Question 4

What is genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

Genetic drift refers to chance evolutionary changes occurring in small populations. This can lead to changes in allele frequencies, as certain alleles may become more or less common purely by chance. It can be particularly important in small or isolated populations, where chance events can have a larger impact on the gene pool.

Question 5

The result of convergent evolution is ________ traits.

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The answer of The result of convergent evolution is ________...

Question 6

When individuals with intermediate phenotypes have an advantage over all others in the population,such as the case with human birth weight in the 1930s-1940s,________ selection is the likely mechanism of evolution responsible.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When individuals with intermediate phenotypes have an...

Question 7

A fisherman catches one trout from each of two ponds.Pond A contains 100 trout and pond B contains 1,000 trout.Which population is more affected by the fisherman?

Accepted Answer

Pond A is the smaller population, and therefore, the fisherman has a greater likelihood of completely removing alleles from the gene pool by taking a fish from the smaller population. In contrast, Pond B is a much larger population, and the removal of a single fish is less likely to have a significant impact on the overall genetic diversity of the population.

Question 8

Evolution occurs when there are changes in the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a(n)________ over time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evolution occurs when there are changes in...

Question 9

A chance evolutionary change occurring in small populations is referred to as ________.

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The answer of A chance evolutionary change occurring in small...

Question 10

A used car is shipped from Australia to the United States.Stowed away in the trunk of the car is a piece of wood infected with Australian termites.Once in the United States,the buyer of the car finds the rotting wood and dumps it on the side of the road.The termites survive and establish a colony on the side of the road but do not mate with local termite populations.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of A used car is shipped from Australia...

Question 11

When similar environmental pressures,such as permafrost in low-altitude tundra and permafrost in high-altitude alpine tundra,cause genetically distantly related organisms to evolve similar structures for survival and reproduction under similar conditions,________ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When similar environmental pressures,such as permafrost in...

Question 12

Natural selection and other mechanisms of evolution act upon the ________ that result from the novel genotypes produced by mutations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Natural selection and other mechanisms of evolution...

Question 13

A population of 8,250 mice occupies the sand dunes in a coastal area.A severe hurricane washes out several miles of sand dunes.As a result,only 50 mice remain.The population has experienced

Accepted Answer

A bottleneck occurs when a drastic reduction in population size occurs, resulting in a loss of genetic variation. In this scenario, the hurricane caused a significant decrease in the number of mice, leaving only 50 individuals. This is an example of a bottleneck effect.

Question 14

Compared to a large mainland population,genetic drift in a small island population is________ important because________.

Accepted Answer

A small island population has a smaller gene pool to work with, leading to increased genetic drift due to a higher chance of random events affecting the gene frequencies. This can lead to fixation of alleles or loss of important ones, which can have significant impacts on the population's fitness and adaptation to their environment.

Question 15

Although millions of prairie chickens once occupied Illinois,in 1993 only 50 remained.Starting in 1992,scientists moved almost 300 prairie chickens from large populations in other states to Illinois to ________ Illinois prairie chicken populations.

Accepted Answer

Introducing genetic variation back into the Illinois prairie chicken populations would increase genetic diversity and potentially improve the survival and adaptability of the population. A and C may not be relevant as they do not directly address the issue of genetic diversity. D would have a negative impact on the population by causing random changes in allele frequency due to chance events.

Question 16

A scientist is studying beak length in a species of hummingbird.The scientist establishes a population of birds with beaks ranging from very small to very long and allows the population to breed for 10 years.At the end of the experiment,she finds that the majority of birds in the population have very long beaks.This is an example of the ________ selection pattern of natural selection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A scientist is studying beak length in...

Question 17

Which of the following statements concerning evolution is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

While better adaptation may increase reproductive success, there are many other factors that can also influence an individual's reproductive success, such as chance events and social behavior. Therefore, it is not always true that the most adapted individual will be the most reproductively successful one.

Question 18

Bacteria often store genes on small,circular pieces of DNA called plasmids.The process of transmitting these plasmids and the genes they contain to other bacteria is called ________ and is an example of gene flow.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria often store genes on small,circular pieces...

Question 19

Natural selection acts on ________ traits.By favoring certain phenotypes over others,the individuals having those phenotypes survive and reproduce at a higher rate than individuals who do not have those traits.

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The answer of Natural selection acts on ________ traits.By favoring...

Question 20

Two populations of geese live near each other.As time passes,the populations are becoming more genetically alike.This is probably due to ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two populations of geese live near each...

Quiz 12: Mechanisms of Evolution