Question 1

Alanna knows that a startling noise will always make people blink their eyes.Alanna has learned to associate a soft blue light with a startling noise,causing her to blink when she sees
The soft blue light.When she blinks after seeing the soft blue light,she is showing a(n)

Accepted Answer

The blinking in response to the soft blue light is a conditioned response because it is a learned reaction to a previously neutral stimulus (the soft blue light) that has become associated with the startling noise.

Question 2

Ralph ate sushi for lunch,and an hour later he felt sick to his stomach.In this situation, classical conditioning might occur.In other words,Ralph might learn an association between
Sushi and feeling sick because the two events

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves learning to associate two stimuli when they are presented close together in time. In this case, Ralph might learn to associate sushi (the first stimulus) with feeling sick (the second stimulus) because they occurred closely together in time.

Question 3

Professor Kraig is known for his difficult quizzes,which automatically make the students anxious.Immediately before each quiz,he always turns off the projector.Students soon notice
That they start to feel anxious when Professor Kraig turns off the projector.In terms of
Classical conditioning,Professor Kraig turning off the projector is a(n)

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning, a conditioned stimulus is a previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response. In this scenario, the projector being turned off (initially a neutral event) becomes associated with the anxiety-inducing quizzes (the unconditioned stimulus), leading to the students feeling anxious (the conditioned response) when the projector is turned off. Thus, the act of turning off the projector becomes a conditioned stimulus.

Question 4

A father takes his young daughter to the park.The girl grabs a red flower and is stung by a bee.The next day,the girl's grandmother brings her a bouquet of red flowers.When the girl
Sees the flowers,she becomes afraid and runs away.In this example,the conditioned
Stimulus is the

Accepted Answer

The red flowers become the conditioned stimulus because they are a neutral stimulus that becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus (the bee sting) after the conditioning event, leading to a conditioned response (fear).

Question 5

In Pavlov's research,dogs learned that the sound of a metronome predicted the arrival of food,so the dogs salivated at the sound of the metronome.In this research,classical
Conditioning occurred in part because the ________ elicited a(n) ________ response
(salivation).

Accepted Answer

In Pavlov's experiment, the food is the unconditioned stimulus that naturally elicits the unconditioned response of salivation without prior conditioning.

Question 6

Eleanor wants to use classical conditioning to teach her students to run to the closet when the "intruder alert" sounds at their school.To be successful,Eleanor must begin the learning process with a(n)

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus is something that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any learning needed. For Eleanor to teach her students to run to the closet when the "intruder alert" sounds, she needs to start with an unconditioned stimulus that naturally causes a response related to safety or urgency, which can then be associated with the intruder alert sound (which will become the conditioned stimulus).

Question 7

If Pavlov repeatedly presented the conditioned stimulus,the metronome,without the unconditioned stimulus,the food,the dogs would stop salivating to the sound of the metronome.In classical conditioning,this process is called

Accepted Answer

Extinction in classical conditioning occurs when the conditioned stimulus (in this case, the metronome) is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus (food), leading to a decrease and eventual cessation of the conditioned response (salivation).

Question 8

A main outcome of Ivan Pavlov's research is that a neutral stimulus can become a conditioned stimulus

Accepted Answer

Pavlov's research demonstrated that a neutral stimulus can become a conditioned stimulus when it is paired with an unconditioned stimulus that naturally triggers a reflexive response. This is the basis of classical conditioning.

Question 9

Riley ate too much chocolate cake during his birthday party and was sick all night.If classical conditioning occurred and he associated the cake with being sick,then when Riley sees cake
Today,he will most likely

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves learning to associate a stimulus with a response. In this case, Riley has associated the cake (stimulus) with feeling sick (response), so seeing cake is likely to evoke a negative reaction, such as being turned off by its smell and taste.

Question 10

Shanna wants to use an observational study to explore how classical conditioning works.Before beginning her own study,it would be most helpful for Shanna to read about ________'s research.

Accepted Answer

Ivan Pavlov is most closely associated with classical conditioning through his experiments with dogs, which demonstrated how a neutral stimulus, when paired with an unconditioned stimulus, could elicit a conditioned response.

Question 11

At lunch one day,a spider walks onto your table.It looks just like the one that bit you last year and made you very sick.You immediately start to panic,which in this situation is most
Likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

The panic you feel is a conditioned response because it is a learned reaction to the sight of the spider, which you associate with the previous negative experience of being bitten.

Question 12

A conditioned stimulus is

Accepted Answer

A conditioned stimulus is an initially neutral stimulus that comes to trigger a particular response after association with an unconditioned stimulus, which naturally triggers that response. This process is a fundamental concept in classical conditioning, a type of learning discovered by Ivan Pavlov.

Question 13

A perfume advertisement uses classical conditioning to increase product appeal.To do this, it pairs the attractive face of the actor Brad Pitt with its perfume Chanel N^o 5.If Brad Pitt Elicits an innate response from you,he is being used as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Brad Pitt is being used as an unconditioned stimulus because he naturally (innately) elicits a response without any prior conditioning.

Question 14

At a football game,you cannot help but feel excited whenever your team scores a touchdown. Because this is an unlearned response,in terms of classical conditioning,it would be called a(n)

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning, an unconditioned response is an automatic, natural reaction to a stimulus. In this case, feeling excited when your team scores a touchdown is a natural, unlearned reaction to the event (the stimulus), making it an unconditioned response.

Question 15

Samuel always receives a painful shock when he turns on the lamp in his study.After a while, Samuel refuses to touch the switch on the lamp.The lamp switch was a(n) ________
Stimulus that elicited a(n) ________ response after a period of time.

Accepted Answer

The lamp switch started as a neutral stimulus, as it did not initially elicit a painful response by itself. Over time, due to the association with painful shocks, Samuel's refusal to touch the switch became a conditioned response to the previously neutral stimulus.

Question 16

If Carlos wants to use classical conditioning so his three-year-old sister learns to be afraid of dogs,he should

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus (in this case, the dog) with an unconditioned stimulus that naturally produces an unconditioned response (the loud noise of the air horn causing fear). Over time, the neutral stimulus alone will start to produce the conditioned response (fear of the dog). Choices A, C, and D do not effectively use classical conditioning to instill a fear of dogs.

Question 17

Jess always feels hungry at 7:00 PM.Maggie,Jess's roommate,decides to play a particular song for Jess at 6:59 PM for several nights in a row.One night,Maggie plays the song at 5:30 PM and Jess says,"Huh ...I suddenly feel hungry." In this situation,classical conditioning occurred because

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning occurred because Maggie paired a neutral stimulus (the song) with an unconditioned stimulus (the time of day when Jess naturally felt hungry), leading to a conditioned response (feeling hungry when the song is played).

Question 18

Joseph uses classical conditioning to teach his sister to be afraid of squirrels.To be successful, he must pair the neutral stimulus,the squirrel,with a(n) ________,such as ________.

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus (in this case, the squirrel) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (a loud noise) that naturally and automatically triggers a response (like fear or startle). Over time, the neutral stimulus alone can elicit the response, without the need for the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 19

If you are trying to use classical conditioning to train your pet mouse to be afraid of a flashing light,you will most likely be successful if you

Accepted Answer

Pairing the light with an electric shock utilizes the principles of classical conditioning by associating an unconditioned stimulus (electric shock) that naturally elicits a fear response with a neutral stimulus (flashing light), eventually causing the mouse to fear the light.

Question 20

In Pavlov's research,classical conditioning occurred when the dogs learned the metronome predicted the arrival of food.This process was based on the animals' instinctive response to
The ________ stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The unconditioned stimulus in Pavlov's research was the food, as it naturally and instinctively caused the dogs to salivate without any prior learning.

Quiz 6: Learning

Alanna knows that a startling noise will always make people blink their eyes.Alanna has learned to associate a soft blue light with a startling noise,causing her to blink when she sees The soft blue light.When she blinks after seeing the soft blue light,she is showing a(n)

Ralph ate sushi for lunch,and an hour later he felt sick to his stomach.In this situation, classical conditioning might occur.In other words,Ralph might learn an association between Sushi and feeling sick because the two events

A father takes his young daughter to the park.The girl grabs a red flower and is stung by a bee.The next day,the girl's grandmother brings her a bouquet of red flowers.When the girl Sees the flowers,she becomes afraid and runs away.In this example,the conditioned Stimulus is the

In Pavlov's research,dogs learned that the sound of a metronome predicted the arrival of food,so the dogs salivated at the sound of the metronome.In this research,classical Conditioning occurred in part because the elicited a(n) response (salivation) .

Eleanor wants to use classical conditioning to teach her students to run to the closet when the "intruder alert" sounds at their school.To be successful,Eleanor must begin the learning process with a(n)

If Pavlov repeatedly presented the conditioned stimulus,the metronome,without the unconditioned stimulus,the food,the dogs would stop salivating to the sound of the metronome.In classical conditioning,this process is called

A main outcome of Ivan Pavlov's research is that a neutral stimulus can become a conditioned stimulus

Riley ate too much chocolate cake during his birthday party and was sick all night.If classical conditioning occurred and he associated the cake with being sick,then when Riley sees cake Today,he will most likely

Shanna wants to use an observational study to explore how classical conditioning works.Before beginning her own study,it would be most helpful for Shanna to read about ________'s research.

At lunch one day,a spider walks onto your table.It looks just like the one that bit you last year and made you very sick.You immediately start to panic,which in this situation is most Likely a(n)

A conditioned stimulus is

A perfume advertisement uses classical conditioning to increase product appeal.To do this, it pairs the attractive face of the actor Brad Pitt with its perfume Chanel N^o 5.If Brad Pitt Elicits an innate response from you,he is being used as a(n)

At a football game,you cannot help but feel excited whenever your team scores a touchdown. Because this is an unlearned response,in terms of classical conditioning,it would be called a(n)

Samuel always receives a painful shock when he turns on the lamp in his study.After a while, Samuel refuses to touch the switch on the lamp.The lamp switch was a(n) Stimulus that elicited a(n) response after a period of time.

If Carlos wants to use classical conditioning so his three-year-old sister learns to be afraid of dogs,he should

Jess always feels hungry at 7:00 PM.Maggie,Jess's roommate,decides to play a particular song for Jess at 6:59 PM for several nights in a row.One night,Maggie plays the song at 5:30 PM and Jess says,"Huh ...I suddenly feel hungry." In this situation,classical conditioning occurred because

Joseph uses classical conditioning to teach his sister to be afraid of squirrels.To be successful, he must pair the neutral stimulus,the squirrel,with a(n) ,such as .

If you are trying to use classical conditioning to train your pet mouse to be afraid of a flashing light,you will most likely be successful if you

In Pavlov's research,classical conditioning occurred when the dogs learned the metronome predicted the arrival of food.This process was based on the animals' instinctive response to The ________ stimulus.

Quiz 6: Learning

Alanna knows that a startling noise will always make people blink their eyes.Alanna has learned to associate a soft blue light with a startling noise,causing her to blink when she sees The soft blue light.When she blinks after seeing the soft blue light,she is showing a(n)

Ralph ate sushi for lunch,and an hour later he felt sick to his stomach.In this situation, classical conditioning might occur.In other words,Ralph might learn an association between Sushi and feeling sick because the two events

A father takes his young daughter to the park.The girl grabs a red flower and is stung by a bee.The next day,the girl's grandmother brings her a bouquet of red flowers.When the girl Sees the flowers,she becomes afraid and runs away.In this example,the conditioned Stimulus is the

In Pavlov's research,dogs learned that the sound of a metronome predicted the arrival of food,so the dogs salivated at the sound of the metronome.In this research,classical Conditioning occurred in part because the ________ elicited a(n) ________ response (salivation) .

Eleanor wants to use classical conditioning to teach her students to run to the closet when the "intruder alert" sounds at their school.To be successful,Eleanor must begin the learning process with a(n)

If Pavlov repeatedly presented the conditioned stimulus,the metronome,without the unconditioned stimulus,the food,the dogs would stop salivating to the sound of the metronome.In classical conditioning,this process is called

A main outcome of Ivan Pavlov's research is that a neutral stimulus can become a conditioned stimulus

Riley ate too much chocolate cake during his birthday party and was sick all night.If classical conditioning occurred and he associated the cake with being sick,then when Riley sees cake Today,he will most likely

Shanna wants to use an observational study to explore how classical conditioning works.Before beginning her own study,it would be most helpful for Shanna to read about ________'s research.

At lunch one day,a spider walks onto your table.It looks just like the one that bit you last year and made you very sick.You immediately start to panic,which in this situation is most Likely a(n)

A conditioned stimulus is

A perfume advertisement uses classical conditioning to increase product appeal.To do this, it pairs the attractive face of the actor Brad Pitt with its perfume Chanel No 5.If Brad Pitt Elicits an innate response from you,he is being used as a(n)

At a football game,you cannot help but feel excited whenever your team scores a touchdown. Because this is an unlearned response,in terms of classical conditioning,it would be called a(n)

Samuel always receives a painful shock when he turns on the lamp in his study.After a while, Samuel refuses to touch the switch on the lamp.The lamp switch was a(n) ________ Stimulus that elicited a(n) ________ response after a period of time.

If Carlos wants to use classical conditioning so his three-year-old sister learns to be afraid of dogs,he should

Jess always feels hungry at 7:00 PM.Maggie,Jess's roommate,decides to play a particular song for Jess at 6:59 PM for several nights in a row.One night,Maggie plays the song at 5:30 PM and Jess says,"Huh ...I suddenly feel hungry." In this situation,classical conditioning occurred because

Joseph uses classical conditioning to teach his sister to be afraid of squirrels.To be successful, he must pair the neutral stimulus,the squirrel,with a(n) ________,such as ________.

If you are trying to use classical conditioning to train your pet mouse to be afraid of a flashing light,you will most likely be successful if you

In Pavlov's research,classical conditioning occurred when the dogs learned the metronome predicted the arrival of food.This process was based on the animals' instinctive response to The ________ stimulus.

In Pavlov's research,dogs learned that the sound of a metronome predicted the arrival of food,so the dogs salivated at the sound of the metronome.In this research,classical Conditioning occurred in part because the elicited a(n) response (salivation) .

A perfume advertisement uses classical conditioning to increase product appeal.To do this, it pairs the attractive face of the actor Brad Pitt with its perfume Chanel N^o 5.If Brad Pitt Elicits an innate response from you,he is being used as a(n)

Samuel always receives a painful shock when he turns on the lamp in his study.After a while, Samuel refuses to touch the switch on the lamp.The lamp switch was a(n) Stimulus that elicited a(n) response after a period of time.

Joseph uses classical conditioning to teach his sister to be afraid of squirrels.To be successful, he must pair the neutral stimulus,the squirrel,with a(n) ,such as .