Question 1

Name the blood signal released from the small intestine as a hormone and from the brain as a neurotransmitter that tells the brain that eating should start or stop.

Accepted Answer

CCK, or Cholecystokinin, is released from the small intestine as a hormone and acts in the brain as a neurotransmitter to regulate hunger and satiety.

Question 2

Which blood hormone in increased levels leads to decreased hunger?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which blood hormone in increased levels leads...

Question 3

At what stage in life are nonheterosexual teenagers and young adults much more likely to publicly switch their sexual identities?

Accepted Answer

While in college, nonheterosexual teenagers and young adults are much more likely to publicly switch their sexual identities due to the more open, diverse, and accepting environment that colleges often provide, compared to other life stages. This setting can offer a sense of freedom and a supportive community, encouraging individuals to explore and express their identities more freely.

Question 4

Today's scientists believe that a part of the hypothalamus plays a more important role in hunger regulation by having neural circuitry that responds to various neurotransmitters.What is that part called?

Accepted Answer

The Paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating hunger and satiety. It responds to various neurotransmitters and hormones, integrating signals related to energy intake and expenditure.

Question 5

Women with a relatively ambiguous sexual orientation show a greater tendency to switch from a heterosexual identity to a homosexual or bisexual identity and then later back to a heterosexual identity or to no sexual identity due to the fact that their sexual desires are strongly influenced by their ____.

Accepted Answer

Women's sexual desires can be strongly influenced by their emotional attachments, which can lead to changes in their sexual identity over time.

Question 6

Which are the two major types of food nutrients?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which are the two major types of...

Question 7

The brain monitors two main types of blood signals: those dealing with the level of food nutrients that the ____ has supplied to the bloodstream,and those dealing with ____ in the bloodstream related to those nutrients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The brain monitors two main types of...

Question 8

Which small structure,buried deep within the brain,plays a significant role in regulating eating behavior?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is a small region of the brain that plays a crucial role in many important functions, including releasing hormones and regulating vital bodily functions such as temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, mood, and sexual behavior. Specifically, it has a significant role in regulating eating behavior by responding to levels of hunger and satiety signals.

Question 9

It generally takes a longer time for people with a homosexual or bisexual orientation to cognitively pull themselves out of the heterosexual identity category and recategorize themselves as gay,lesbian,or bisexual due to ____.

Accepted Answer

Socialization in most cultures often assumes heterosexuality as the default or norm, which can make it challenging for individuals to recognize and accept a non-heterosexual orientation in themselves. This process can be delayed as they navigate societal expectations and norms.

Question 10

Which neurotransmitter has a marked effect at the paraventricular nucleus and greatly increases carbohydrate consumption?

Accepted Answer

Neuropeptide Y is known to have a significant effect on the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, increasing carbohydrate consumption among other effects related to appetite and energy balance.

Question 11

What are the three major bodily systems that control hunger and eating?

Accepted Answer

The three major bodily systems that control hunger and eating are the stomach, bloodstream, and brain. The stomach signals hunger, the bloodstream carries hunger-related hormones, and the brain (particularly areas like the hypothalamus) processes these signals to regulate the feeling of hunger and satiety.

Question 12

Many conservative religious and political organizations that adamantly oppose homosexuality contend that switching of sexual identity is evidence that sexual orientation is a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

These organizations argue that if individuals can change their sexual orientation, it implies that orientation is a matter of personal choice rather than an innate characteristic.

Question 13

What is the only early childhood experience that predicts the development of a homosexual versus a heterosexual orientation in adulthood for both women and men?

Accepted Answer

Gender nonconformity in childhood (behaviors and interests that differ from what is considered typical for one's assigned sex) is the only early childhood experience that has been consistently linked in research to the development of a homosexual orientation in adulthood for both women and men. Other factors listed have not been found to have a consistent predictive relationship with adult sexual orientation.

Question 14

High insulin production leads to cells taking in more ____ than they can use,with the excess being converted into fat.

Accepted Answer

High insulin production stimulates cells to take in more glucose than they can immediately use, and the surplus glucose is then converted into fat for storage.

Question 15

When the stomach becomes swollen from eating,neural signals reflecting satiety are sent from the stomach and other areas to the brain.The stomach releases ____,which signals the ____ to begin releasing insulin,a hormone that decreases appetite.

Accepted Answer

Gastrin is a hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, which in turn decreases appetite. This process is part of the body's mechanism to regulate food intake and energy balance.

Question 16

The National Health and Social Life Survey of American sexual behaviors found that ____ percent of men and ____ percent of women have had some form of sexual contact with a person of the same sex after puberty.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The National Health and Social Life Survey...

Question 17

There are two areas of the brain that may possibly have something to do with homosexuality,whether a cause or effect.What are these two areas of the brain?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus and corpus callosum have been studied in relation to sexual orientation. Research suggests differences in these areas between heterosexual and homosexual individuals, though the implications are not fully understood.

Question 18

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for homeostatic regulation?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is the part of the brain that is primarily responsible for homeostatic regulation, including temperature control, thirst, hunger, and other autonomic functions.

Question 19

Although chemistry and hypothalamic activity play a very important role in knowing when to eat,which of the following two factors also play a major role?

Accepted Answer

External cues, such as the sight or smell of food, and memory of when we last ate significantly influence our eating behavior, alongside the internal chemical and hypothalamic signals that regulate hunger and satiety.

Question 20

Which hormone,if administered to food-deprived humans and other animals,reduces hunger and eating?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which hormone,if administered to food-deprived humans and...

Quiz 9: Motivation and Emotion