What Was James Madison's Position on Including a Bill of Rights

What was James Madison's position on including a bill of rights in the Constitution?

A) He believed a bill of rights was essential for protecting individuals from aggressive state governments.
B) He felt the Constitution would fail in its central goals without a bill of rights.
C) He refused to support ratification until a bill of rights was included.
D) He believed a bill of rights redundant, because the Constitution itself would protect liberties.
E) He argued against a bill of rights as a threat to federal power.