Question 1

Which of the following terms means creation of sugar?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenesis is the process of converting glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscle cells, which can be considered a form of "creation of sugar" in a stored form.

Question 2

Which of the following is the excision or surgical removal of a parathyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroidectomy is the surgical procedure for the removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands.

Question 3

A tumor of the adrenal medulla that is usually benign but may cause fluctuation of stress hormones like adrenaline is:

Accepted Answer

Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal medulla that can cause fluctuations in stress hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline. These tumors are usually benign but can significantly affect the body's stress response and blood pressure.

Question 4

An individual suffering from a low hormone level may be administered:

Accepted Answer

HRT, or Hormone Replacement Therapy, is the treatment used to supplement low levels of hormones in the body.

Question 5

Which of the following combining forms means sodium?

Accepted Answer

The combining form "natr/o" specifically refers to sodium.

Question 6

Which of the following tests might be done to measure a patient's current blood sugar?

Accepted Answer

Fasting blood sugar (fsbs) tests are specifically designed to measure the levels of glucose in the blood, which directly reflects a patient's current blood sugar levels.

Question 7

A patient with needs injections of insulin.

Accepted Answer

IDDM (Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) requires insulin injections for management.

Question 8

Which of the following combining forms means poison?

Accepted Answer

The combining form "toxic/o" means poison.

Question 9

Which of the following combining forms refers to the adrenal gland?

Accepted Answer

The combining form "adren/o" specifically refers to the adrenal gland.

Question 10

All of the following diagnostic tests are matched with the correct definition EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Fasting blood glucose is typically measured from a venous blood sample, not capillary blood from a finger prick. Finger pricks are more commonly used for routine blood glucose monitoring, especially in diabetes management, rather than for the fasting blood glucose test which requires more accurate and reliable venous blood samples.

Question 11

Which of the following abbreviations is related to body size?

Accepted Answer

BMI stands for Body Mass Index, which is a measure used to assess body size by comparing a person's weight to their height.

Question 12

Disease of a gland is called:

Accepted Answer

Adenopathy refers to any disease or inflammation of the glands. Addison's disease and Cushing's syndrome are specific disorders of the adrenal glands, and hirsutism is a condition of excessive hair growth, not a gland disease.

Question 13

Which of the following abbreviations represents a certain type of hormone?

Accepted Answer

GH stands for Growth Hormone, which is a type of hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.

Question 14

A patient with may have abnormal protrusion of the eyes, which creates the appearance of a startled expression.

Accepted Answer

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) and can cause protrusion of the eyes (exophthalmos), giving the appearance of a startled expression.

Question 15

A physician might prescribe potassium supplements for a patient with:

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the blood, and potassium supplements are prescribed to correct this imbalance.

Question 16

Which of the following combining forms means extremities?

Accepted Answer

The combining form "acr/o" means extremities, referring to the extreme points or ends of something, such as the limbs of the body.

Question 17

A type of hyperpituitarism that causes abnormal growth of bones and tissues of the face and extremities is:

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly is caused by excessive production of growth hormone in adulthood, leading to abnormal growth of bones and tissues, especially in the face and extremities.

Question 18

A condition of severe hyperglycemia potentially leading to coma is:

Accepted Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that occurs when the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones. It develops when the body can't produce enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) and a buildup of ketones in the blood, which can lead to coma if not treated promptly.

Question 19

All of the following abbreviations represent electrolytes EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

T3 represents triiodothyronine, a thyroid hormone, not an electrolyte. Na (sodium), K (potassium), and Ca (calcium) are all electrolytes.

Question 20

Which of the following combining forms means same/unchanging?

Accepted Answer

The combining form "home/o" means same or unchanging, as seen in terms like "homeostasis," which refers to the maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism.

Quiz 12: Endocrine System