When the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party split into two factions in 1903, consisting of the more moderate Mensheviks and the radical Bolsheviks, the latter claimed to be in the "majority," but in truth the Mensheviks had the larger following.

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The Bolsheviks, led by Lenin, claimed the term "majority" (Bolshevik) after a key vote at the 1903 party congress, but the Mensheviks actually had more widespread support among the party members.

When the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party Split into Two