Question 1

A person goes to a classical music concert where he sits quietly while the music is playing.When this person goes to an opera and again sits quietly,this is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

Stimulus generalization occurs when a response is elicited by stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus. In this case, the person sitting quietly at both a classical music concert and an opera demonstrates stimulus generalization.

Question 2

Lashley and Wade contend that animals and humans respond to stimuli that differ from the training stimulus because ______.

Accepted Answer

Lashley and Wade suggest that animals and humans generalize responses to stimuli that are similar to the training stimulus because they cannot distinguish between them.

Question 3

After discrimination training with two stimuli (S+ and S-),a researcher might graph the results of a test responding to many other stimuli.This graph is called a ______.

Accepted Answer

A generalization gradient graphically represents how responses to various stimuli decrease as they become less similar to the original conditioned stimulus (S+).

Question 4

The distribution of responding around the S- represents ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The distribution of responding around the S-...

Question 5

A person goes to a classical music concert where they sit quietly while the music is playing.However,when they attend a rock concert they jump up and down,yell and scream,and engage in other behaviors.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

Discrimination learning is when an individual learns to respond differently to different stimuli, such as behaving quietly at a classical concert and energetically at a rock concert.

Question 6

In the past,Josephine had bad experiences on dates.As a result,she did not date much.However,when she went on a date with Mark she had a good time.As a result,she has started to date other people.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the past,Josephine had bad experiences on...

Question 7

Max was once bitten by a dog and now shows a flat generalization gradient for conditioned fear.This means that ______.

Accepted Answer

A flat generalization gradient indicates that Max has generalized his fear response to many stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimulus (the dog), meaning he shows fear to a wide range of similar objects.

Question 8

A person is approached by a panhandler who smells like beer and slurs their speech.As a result,the person walks to the other side of the road and believes that the panhandler is an alcoholic.When the person sees other panhandlers they assume they are also alcoholics.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

Stimulus generalization occurs when a response is elicited by stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus. In this case, the person generalizes their experience with one panhandler to all panhandlers.

Question 9

Which of the following is not correct?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not correct?
...

Question 10

The process of responding to some stimuli and not to other stimuli is called ______.

Accepted Answer

Discrimination learning is the process of responding differently to various stimuli, distinguishing between them based on their characteristics or consequences.

Question 11

Generalization gradients ______.

Accepted Answer

Generalization gradients have been observed using a wide variety of stimuli and responses in humans, indicating their broad applicability beyond just animals or specific stimuli.

Question 12

A person goes to a football game where they consume mass quantities of beer,become quite intoxicated,and then act inappropriately.However,when the individual goes to a baseball game they have one or two beers and behave appropriately.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of discrimination learning, where the person behaves differently in different contexts (football vs. baseball games) based on past experiences and learned cues.

Question 13

An excitatory generalization gradient refers to ______.

Accepted Answer

An excitatory generalization gradient refers to the phenomenon where stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimulus can also elicit the conditioned response, indicating generalization of the learned behavior.

Question 14

When individuals respond in the same way to similar stimuli,this is called ______.

Accepted Answer

Stimulus generalization occurs when individuals respond in the same way to similar stimuli.

Question 15

Lashley and Wade propose that generalization occurs when ______.

Accepted Answer

Lashley and Wade suggest that generalization occurs when subjects fail to discriminate between training and test stimuli, leading to a similar response to both.

Question 16

A person goes to a soccer game where they consume mass quantities of beer,become quite intoxicated,and then act inappropriately.When this individual responds the same way at a football game,this is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

Stimulus generalization occurs when a response that has been conditioned to a specific stimulus is elicited by similar stimuli. In this case, the person's behavior at the soccer game is generalized to the football game.

Question 17

Weisman and Palmer studied the generalization of inhibition.Their research showed that ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Weisman and Palmer studied the generalization of...

Question 18

The ______ model contends animals generalize their responding from one stimulus to other stimuli because they cannot tell the difference between the two stimuli.

Accepted Answer

The Lashley-Wade model suggests that animals generalize their responses to different stimuli because they cannot discriminate between them, leading to generalized behavior.

Question 19

Discrimination training leads to ______ generalization gradients.

Accepted Answer

Discrimination training leads to steep generalization gradients because it enhances the ability to distinguish between different stimuli, resulting in a more pronounced response to the trained stimulus and less response to similar, non-trained stimuli.

Question 20

Which of the following is correct about inhibitory generalization?

Accepted Answer

Inhibitory generalization occurs when a conditioned stimulus (CS) that is similar to the original CS elicits a weaker conditioned response (CR). This is because the similar CS activates the same inhibitory neurons that are activated by the original CS. As a result, the CR is inhibited. Inhibitory generalization can occur to stimuli that are quite dissimilar to the training stimulus, and it can sometimes produce responses equivalent to those elicited by the conditioning stimulus. Both humans and animals experience inhibitory generalization.

Quiz 10: Stimulus Control of Behavior