Question 1

Explain techniques that are useful and not useful when questioning children in a legal setting.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain techniques that are useful and not...

Question 2

Four-year-old Carla is engaged in playing with a toy truck,while her 10-year-old brother Vincent is wrapped up in a book.The truck and the book are said to be different __________ stimuli for each child.

Accepted Answer

Attention-holding stimuli are those that maintain a child's focus and engagement, which is what the truck and the book are doing for Carla and Vincent, respectively.

Question 3

According to the information processing perspective,older children first resolve preschoolers' difficulty with the Piagetian conservation problem when their improved __________.

Accepted Answer

Older children can solve the conservation problem because their improved attention span allows them to consider multiple aspects of the problem, such as both the height and width of the glasses, simultaneously.

Question 4

__________ is the ability to allocate attentional resources based on desired goals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is the ability to allocate attentional...

Question 5

One plausible reason why infants appear to remember less than older children and adults is the lack of __________.

Accepted Answer

Infants have not yet developed an extensive vocabulary, which is crucial for encoding and retrieving memories effectively.

Question 6

Describe the three types of memory.How is each related to development during middle age?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the three types of memory.How is...

Question 7

If it is necessary to question children for legal purposes,which of the following strategies has been shown to increase the accuracy of their recollections?

Accepted Answer

D  Questioning children as soon as possible after the event helps to ensure their memories are fresh and less influenced by external factors. Using general, open-ended questions allows children to provide more accurate and detailed responses without being led or influenced by specific wording.

Question 8

The memory of events from one's own life,known as __________ memory,is not very accurate until after age 3.

Accepted Answer

Autobiographical memory refers to the memory of events and experiences from one's own life, and it typically becomes more accurate after age 3.

Question 9

Provide an example of an automatic process,and explain why automatization of cognitive tasks is beneficial.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an example of an automatic process,and...

Question 10

__________ approaches to cognitive development seek to identify the way that individuals take in,use,and store information.

Accepted Answer

Information processing approaches focus on how individuals take in, use, and store information, similar to how computers process data.

Question 11

The enduring structures of information processing that remain constant over the course of development are known as __________.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive architecture refers to the underlying structures and mechanisms of the mind that remain stable and consistent throughout development, facilitating information processing.

Question 12

According to the three-system model,the __________ is the initial process by which information is very briefly held before further processing.

Accepted Answer

The sensory store is the initial stage in the three-system model where information is briefly held for a very short period before it is processed further into short-term or working memory.

Question 13

Compared with other approaches,the information processing approach pays more attention to __________.

Accepted Answer

The information processing approach focuses on understanding the mechanisms of memory, attention, and other cognitive processes, analyzing how information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.

Question 14

Compared with whole-language approaches to reading instruction,code-based approaches focus more on __________.

Accepted Answer

Code-based approaches emphasize phonics, which involves sounding out letters and words to understand their meaning, unlike whole-language approaches that focus on context and natural language.

Question 15

The key difference between information processing and Piagetian approaches is that information processing approaches focus on __________.

Accepted Answer

Information processing approaches emphasize quantitative changes, focusing on the gradual and continuous improvement in cognitive processes, unlike Piagetian approaches which emphasize qualitative changes through distinct stages.

Question 16

Explain what mnemonics are and how they can be used to improve memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what mnemonics are and how they...

Question 17

As they grow older,children begin to recall memories in terms of __________,which are general representations in memory of a sequence or series of events.

Accepted Answer

Scripts are general representations in memory of a sequence or series of events, helping children recall memories as they grow older.

Question 18

Describe how the information processing approach to cognitive development utilizes computer metaphors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how the information processing approach to...

Question 19

Which of the following is a critical thinking skill?

Accepted Answer

Critical thinking involves analyzing and evaluating information, which includes identifying and questioning assumptions in statements.

Question 20

The three basic aspects of information processing are encoding,storage,and __________.

Accepted Answer

Retrieval is the process of accessing and bringing into consciousness information stored in memory, completing the three basic aspects of information processing.

Quiz 6: Cognitive Growth: Information Processing Approaches