Question 1

Which one of the following students is attributing success or failure on a geology test to an internal source and thinks the cause is unstable and controllable?

Accepted Answer

Drew attributes his success to studying hard, which is an internal, unstable, and controllable factor.

Question 2

In which one of the following situations is a student attributing failure to a stable and uncontrollable factor?

Accepted Answer

Kami attributes her failure to a stable and uncontrollable factor by believing she is inherently not good at math, similar to her mother, implying a fixed trait that she cannot change.

Question 3

Which one of the following students clearly has a mastery goal rather than a performance goal?

Accepted Answer

Dinah's focus on making progress and not being worried about making mistakes suggests that she has a mastery goal, which emphasizes learning and personal development rather than external validation or achievement.

Question 4

Which one of the following statements implies that the student's ability is stable and uncontrollable?

Accepted Answer

This statement implies that the student's ability is stable and uncontrollable because it attributes the student's intelligence to a fixed trait (being smart) that is inherent and linked to family genetics, suggesting it cannot be changed or influenced by the student's actions.

Question 5

Which one of the following statements reflects an incremental view of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

An incremental view of intelligence suggests that intelligence can be developed through effort and practice, as reflected in the statement about being able to do something with continued practice.

Question 6

Which one of the following is the best example of a student attributing success to internal factors?

Accepted Answer

Sue Ellen attributes her success to her own efforts and hard work, which are internal factors.

Question 7

Virginia is 4 years old. Georgia is 14 years old. Both girls like figure skating,but neither is a very good skater. Given developmental trends in attributions,we can predict that Virginia is more likely than Georgia to believe that:

Accepted Answer

Younger children like Virginia are more likely to have a growth mindset, believing that effort and practice can lead to improvement and success.

Question 8

Which one of the following statements reflects an entity view of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The entity view of intelligence suggests that intelligence is a fixed trait that individuals possess to varying degrees. Statement A reflects this view by implying that Phoebe has a fixed level of brightness or intelligence.

Question 9

Mr. Richardson does not expect much of his students from a low-income,inner-city neighborhood. Given what we know about the effects of teacher expectations,which outcome is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Low teacher expectations can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy where students perform poorly because they internalize the low expectations and are not given the support or encouragement to excel.

Question 10

Which one of the following is the best example of an attribution?

Accepted Answer

Attribution refers to the explanation or reasoning someone gives for their behavior or performance. In option C, the speaker attributes their poor quiz performance to being distracted by David.

Question 11

Which one of the following examples best describes differences between students with a mastery orientation and students with learned helplessness?

Accepted Answer

Students with a mastery orientation are motivated by challenges and set high goals, while students with learned helplessness often doubt their abilities and set low goals due to a lack of confidence.

Question 12

Four students in Mr. Kent's physical education class have just done poorly on the school district's physical fitness test. Which student is exhibiting a mastery goal?

Accepted Answer

Oliver is exhibiting a mastery goal because he is focused on improving his skills and understanding by seeking feedback and working on his weak areas.

Question 13

A student who has developed learned helplessness about his or her spelling ability is most likely to say which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

Learned helplessness is a condition where a person believes they have no control over the outcome of a situation, leading to a lack of effort or motivation. The statement in option C reflects this belief, as the student feels that studying does not help them improve their spelling.

Question 14

Which one of the following girls is most likely to attribute a low exam grade to an external cause?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following girls is...

Question 15

Ms. Simons believes that Jeremy has the ability to do much better on math tests than he is currently doing. Given the textbook's discussion of teacher attributions,how is Ms. Simons most likely to act toward Jeremy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ms. Simons believes that Jeremy has the...

Question 16

Learners often have multiple goals that they want to accomplish. Under such circumstances,they may do any three of the following. Which one are they least likely to do?

Accepted Answer

Learners are least likely to become so frustrated that they don't accomplish even one of their goals, as they typically find ways to manage or prioritize their goals to achieve at least some of them.

Question 17

Three of the following are examples of social goals. Which one would not necessarily be considered a social goal?

Accepted Answer

Social goals typically involve concern for others or maintaining social relationships. Robert's eagerness to learn about terrorists and their personalities is more of a personal interest or intellectual goal rather than a social goal.

Question 18

In general,students are more likely to achieve at higher levels when they consistently use which of the following attributions?

Accepted Answer

Internal and controllable attributions, such as effort and strategy, empower students to believe they can influence their success through their actions.

Question 19

Frank is a good student. He attributes his success partly to studying long hours and partly to his intelligence ("It runs in the family," he says). Given what psychologists have learned about attributions,three of the following statements are likely to be accurate descriptions of Frank. Which one is probably not an accurate description?

Accepted Answer

Frank is unlikely to give up easily when confused about class material because he attributes his success to both effort (studying long hours) and ability (intelligence), which typically leads to persistence and resilience in the face of challenges.

Question 20

Which one of the following is most likely to be a core goal?

Accepted Answer

A core goal is typically a long-term objective that is central to one's personal or professional development, such as doing well in school, which can have lasting impacts on future opportunities and success.

Quiz 5: Motivation and Affect