A Vertical Marketing System That Involves a Contractual Relationship Between

A vertical marketing system that involves a contractual relationship between a wholesaler and small independent retailers to standardize and coordinate buying practices, merchandising programs, and inventory management efforts is referred to as

A) a service-sponsored retail franchise system.
B) a retailer-sponsored cooperative.
C) an administered vertical marketing system.
D) a manufacturer-sponsored retail franchise system.
E) a wholesaler-sponsored voluntary chain.