Question 1

Uber's lobbying success shows that the best way to achieve policy successes even in a changed technological environment is relying on providing information to lawmakers.

Accepted Answer

Uber's lobbying success is not solely based on providing information to lawmakers; it also involves strategic alliances, public campaigns, and leveraging its user base to influence policy.

Question 2

Campaign contributions far outweigh the sentiments of constituents, when they can be estimated, in determining roll call votes.

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Question 3

Explain the pluralist defense of interest groups.

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Question 4

Interest groups that potentially compete for the same constituency avoid mutually destructive poaching on issues and constituencies through informal accommodations and deference to each other's turf.

Accepted Answer

Interest groups often engage in informal agreements to avoid conflict and maintain influence by respecting each other's areas of focus and constituencies.

Question 5

Why have interest groups proliferated since the 1960s?

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Question 6

What is policy gridlock and why has the proliferation of interest groups contributed to its occurrence?

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Question 7

Why are small groups easier to organize than large ones?

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Question 8

What is the difference between moral and selective incentives? Give examples of groups founded on each.

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Question 9

Explain E. E. Schattschneider's observation: "The flaw in the pluralist heaven is that the heavenly chorus sings with a strong upper-class accent."

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Question 10

What are the differences between insider and outsider tactics and what determines which strategy a group uses?

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Question 11

Organizations that survive on small contributions from a mass membership have no choice but to find new issues to focus on in order to keep growing the membership base.

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Question 12

Why do interest groups provide volumes of technical information to politicians?

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Question 13

When PACs pursue the short-term goal of access to those in control of Washington's policy machinery, they will shift their contribution patterns as control of Congress shifts.

Accepted Answer

PACs (Political Action Committees) often adjust their contributions to align with the party or individuals in power to gain influence and access to policymakers.

Question 14

Narrow private interests thus often enjoy an advantage over broader ones.

Accepted Answer

Narrow private interests often have more focused goals and resources, allowing them to exert more influence and achieve their objectives more effectively than broader, more diffuse interests.

Question 15

Business organizations and other groups representing well-heeled interests still account for the large share of lobbying expenditures.

Accepted Answer

Business organizations and groups with significant financial resources typically have the means to spend more on lobbying efforts to influence legislation and policy in their favor.

Question 16

Regulators hope to avoid writing rules that get shot down by appeals to the courts or Congress keep in touch with politically potent groups in the sectors they regulate.

Accepted Answer

Regulators often engage with influential groups to ensure that the rules they propose are feasible and less likely to face legal or political challenges.

Question 17

Specialized, fragmented groups are not dependent on members of Congress or White House officials to build and lead legislative coalitions.

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Question 18

Are members of Congress in a stronger position to influence PACs, or are PACs able to influence members of Congress? Explain the underlying logic of your answer.

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Question 19

How does the Constitution encourage the creation of interest groups in the United States and what were some of the early observations of them?

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Question 20

The interest group universe, though remarkably large and diverse, favors some interests at the expense of others.

Accepted Answer

Interest groups often have varying levels of resources, influence, and access to policymakers, which can lead to certain interests being prioritized over others.

Quiz 13: Interest Groups