Question 1

Human placental lactogen ________ the effects of insulin and causes a pregnant woman's tissues to metabolize ________ glucose.
A) facilitates; more
B) facilitates; less
C) inhibits; more
D) inhibits; less

Accepted Answer

The answer of Human placental lactogen ________ the effects of...

Question 2

One reason that pregnant women's metabolic rates change is that the placenta secretes
A) human chorionic gonadotropin, which stimulates metabolism of glucose and raises metabolic rate.
B) human chorionic thyrotropin, which stimulates the thyroid gland and raises metabolic rate.
C) human placental lactogen, which stimulates glycolysis and raises metabolic rate.
D) human chorionic somatomammotropin, which inhibits fatty acid metabolism and lowers metabolic rate.
E) prolactin, which lowers metabolic rate so that nutrients can be stored in milk.

Accepted Answer

Human chorionic thyrotropin stimulates the thyroid gland, which increases the metabolic rate during pregnancy.

Question 3

During pregnancy, the mother's
A) cardiac output and hematocrit rise.
B) cardiac output and hematocrit fall.
C) cardiac output rises and hematocrit falls.
D) cardiac output falls and hematocrit rises.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, cardiac output increases to meet the increased metabolic demands, while hematocrit typically falls due to the dilutional effect of increased plasma volume.

Question 4

Describe the causes and effects of gastrointestinal ailments during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the causes and effects of gastrointestinal...

Question 5

By the 4th month of pregnancy, the fundus of the uterus is located inches below the ________ and by the ninth month it is located at the level of the ________.
A) urinary bladder; umbilicus
B) umbilicus; xiphoid process
C) diaphragm; laryngeal prominence
D) pubic symphysis; heart

Accepted Answer

By the 4th month of pregnancy, the fundus of the uterus is typically located below the umbilicus. By the ninth month, it reaches the level of the xiphoid process.

Question 6

Growth of the functional layer and prevention of menstruation during pregnancy are brought about by secretion of
A) relaxin.
B) progesterone.
C) cortisol.
D) human chorionic thyrotropin.
E) human placental lactogen.

Accepted Answer

Progesterone is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining and preventing menstruation during pregnancy by supporting the growth of the functional layer.

Question 7

Changes in the size of the uterus during pregnancy are due to
A) hypertrophy but not hyperplasia.
B) hyperplasia but not hypertrophy.
C) both hypertrophy and hyperplasia.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, the uterus increases in size due to both hypertrophy (increase in the size of existing cells) and hyperplasia (increase in the number of cells).

Question 8

During pregnancy, a woman's areolae and nipples become darker under the influence of
A) melanin from the pineal gland.
B) vasopressin from the posterior pituitary gland.
C) melanocyte-stimulating hormone from the placenta.
D) estrogen and progesterone from the ovary.

Accepted Answer

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone from the placenta increases during pregnancy, leading to darkening of the areolae and nipples.

Question 9

Blood vessel growth within the uterus is promoted by the hormone ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Blood vessel growth within the uterus is...

Question 10

Increased levels of estrogen, progesterone, and corticosteroids result in increased insulin resistance during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, hormonal changes, including increased levels of estrogen, progesterone, and corticosteroids, contribute to insulin resistance to ensure adequate glucose supply to the growing fetus.

Question 11

The uterine enlargement that occurs during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy is mostly the result of
A) growth of the conceptus from a zygote to a fetus.
B) amniotic fluid production as well as growth of uterine muscle and the placenta.

Accepted Answer

During the first 10 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus enlarges primarily due to the production of amniotic fluid, growth of the uterine muscle, and development of the placenta, rather than the growth of the conceptus itself.

Question 12

Although pregnancy sometimes results in frequent urination, the one trimester when this tends to be not as problematic is the
A) first.
B) second.
C) third.

Accepted Answer

During the second trimester, the uterus rises into the abdominal cavity, reducing pressure on the bladder, which can decrease the frequency of urination.

Question 13

Which type of food do women suffering from morning sickness generally prefer?
A) Carbohydrate-rich foods
B) Protein-rich foods

Accepted Answer

Women suffering from morning sickness often prefer carbohydrate-rich foods as they are easier to digest and can help settle the stomach.

Question 14

Edema and varicose veins in the lower extremities sometimes develop in the third trimester of a pregnancy due to
A) decreased cardiac output.
B) elevated blood pressure.
C) compression of abdominal blood vessels.
D) elevated hematocrit.

Accepted Answer

During the third trimester of pregnancy, the growing uterus can compress abdominal blood vessels, particularly the inferior vena cava, leading to increased venous pressure in the lower extremities, which can cause edema and varicose veins.

Question 15

Although pregnancies are highly variable, morning sickness is most commonly experienced in the ________ trimester.
A) first
B) second
C) third

Accepted Answer

Morning sickness is most commonly experienced in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Question 16

Difficulty with breathing that may accompany physical exertions of a pregnant woman is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Difficulty with breathing that may accompany physical...

Question 17

Hormonal and neural changes during pregnancy function to facilitate diffusion of gases across the placenta. One way this occurs is by ________ respiration rate, thereby ________ CO₂ levels in the blood. A) increasing; raising B) increasing; lowering C) decreasing; raising D) decreasing; lowering

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, the respiration rate increases to help lower CO2 levels in the blood, facilitating gas exchange across the placenta.

Question 18

During pregnancy, the levels of CRH and aldosterone within a mother's blood decline.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, the levels of CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone) and aldosterone typically increase to support the physiological changes required for fetal development and maintaining pregnancy.

Question 19

Prolactin is secreted from the ________ gland, and its levels ________ during pregnancy.
A) hypothalamus; double
B) mammary; double
C) corpus luteum; increase tenfold
D) anterior pituitary; increase tenfold

Accepted Answer

Prolactin is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland, and its levels increase significantly, up to tenfold, during pregnancy to prepare the body for lactation.

Question 20

When pregnant, a woman has an increased sensitivity to the hormone angiotensin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When pregnant, a woman has an increased...

Quiz 29: Development, Pregnancy, and Heredity

Human placental lactogen the effects of insulin and causes a pregnant woman's tissues to metabolize glucose.

One reason that pregnant women's metabolic rates change is that the placenta secretes

During pregnancy, the mother's

Describe the causes and effects of gastrointestinal ailments during pregnancy.

By the 4th month of pregnancy, the fundus of the uterus is located inches below the and by the ninth month it is located at the level of the .

Growth of the functional layer and prevention of menstruation during pregnancy are brought about by secretion of

Changes in the size of the uterus during pregnancy are due to

During pregnancy, a woman's areolae and nipples become darker under the influence of

Blood vessel growth within the uterus is promoted by the hormone ________.

Increased levels of estrogen, progesterone, and corticosteroids result in increased insulin resistance during pregnancy.

The uterine enlargement that occurs during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy is mostly the result of

Although pregnancy sometimes results in frequent urination, the one trimester when this tends to be not as problematic is the

Which type of food do women suffering from morning sickness generally prefer?

Edema and varicose veins in the lower extremities sometimes develop in the third trimester of a pregnancy due to

Although pregnancies are highly variable, morning sickness is most commonly experienced in the ________ trimester.

Difficulty with breathing that may accompany physical exertions of a pregnant woman is called ________.

Hormonal and neural changes during pregnancy function to facilitate diffusion of gases across the placenta. One way this occurs is by respiration rate, thereby CO₂ levels in the blood.

During pregnancy, the levels of CRH and aldosterone within a mother's blood decline.

Prolactin is secreted from the gland, and its levels during pregnancy.

When pregnant, a woman has an increased sensitivity to the hormone angiotensin.

Quiz 29: Development, Pregnancy, and Heredity

Human placental lactogen ________ the effects of insulin and causes a pregnant woman's tissues to metabolize ________ glucose.

One reason that pregnant women's metabolic rates change is that the placenta secretes

During pregnancy, the mother's

Describe the causes and effects of gastrointestinal ailments during pregnancy.

By the 4th month of pregnancy, the fundus of the uterus is located inches below the ________ and by the ninth month it is located at the level of the ________.

Growth of the functional layer and prevention of menstruation during pregnancy are brought about by secretion of

Changes in the size of the uterus during pregnancy are due to

During pregnancy, a woman's areolae and nipples become darker under the influence of

Blood vessel growth within the uterus is promoted by the hormone ________.

Increased levels of estrogen, progesterone, and corticosteroids result in increased insulin resistance during pregnancy.

The uterine enlargement that occurs during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy is mostly the result of

Although pregnancy sometimes results in frequent urination, the one trimester when this tends to be not as problematic is the

Which type of food do women suffering from morning sickness generally prefer?

Edema and varicose veins in the lower extremities sometimes develop in the third trimester of a pregnancy due to

Although pregnancies are highly variable, morning sickness is most commonly experienced in the ________ trimester.

Difficulty with breathing that may accompany physical exertions of a pregnant woman is called ________.

Hormonal and neural changes during pregnancy function to facilitate diffusion of gases across the placenta. One way this occurs is by ________ respiration rate, thereby ________ CO2 levels in the blood.

During pregnancy, the levels of CRH and aldosterone within a mother's blood decline.

Prolactin is secreted from the ________ gland, and its levels ________ during pregnancy.

When pregnant, a woman has an increased sensitivity to the hormone angiotensin.

Human placental lactogen the effects of insulin and causes a pregnant woman's tissues to metabolize glucose.

By the 4th month of pregnancy, the fundus of the uterus is located inches below the and by the ninth month it is located at the level of the .

Hormonal and neural changes during pregnancy function to facilitate diffusion of gases across the placenta. One way this occurs is by respiration rate, thereby CO₂ levels in the blood.

Prolactin is secreted from the gland, and its levels during pregnancy.