Question 1

The AFL under Gompers' leadership believed the existing social system should be dramatically changed by any means possible,including revolutionary methods if necessary.

Accepted Answer

The AFL under Samuel Gompers' leadership focused on improving workers' conditions through negotiation and collective bargaining within the existing capitalist system, rather than advocating for revolutionary changes.

Question 2

The "one big union" approach to union membership was not believed by the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO).

Accepted Answer

The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) believed in the "one big union" approach to union membership, which advocated for all workers in a particular industry to be represented by a single union.

Question 3

Samuel Gompers' efforts paid off in spectacular growth in membership in the American Federation of Labor (AFL).

Accepted Answer

False

Question 4

Member unions of the Change to Win federation are encouraged to devote 50 percent of their annual operating budget toward union organizing activities,compared to a goal of 30 percent for AFL-CIO affiliated unions.

Accepted Answer

The Change to Win federation emphasizes a higher commitment to organizing activities, setting a goal of 50 percent of their budget, while the AFL-CIO sets a goal of 30 percent for its affiliated unions.

Question 5

Events such as the Haymarket Riot,the Homestead Incident,and the Pullman Strike helped organized labor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Events such as the Haymarket Riot,the Homestead...

Question 6

Employers actively opposed unions after World War I by supporting the open-shop movement.

Accepted Answer

The open-shop movement was a campaign by employers to discourage union membership and promote workplaces where union membership was not required, effectively undermining union power.

Question 7

The Homestead Incident,unlike the Ludlow Massacre,showed the public that union and management officials could resolve their differences in a non-violent fashion.

Accepted Answer

The Homestead Incident was a violent labor dispute in 1892 between the Carnegie Steel Company and its workers, marked by a deadly clash, unlike the peaceful resolution implied.

Question 8

One of the reasons for the decline of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW),was its alienation of the news media and government officials.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the reasons for the decline...

Question 9

The sit-down strike helped the CIO to obtain union membership in the 1930s,and it was soon approved by the Supreme Court.

Accepted Answer

The sit-down strike was a tactic used by the CIO to gain union membership in the 1930s, but it was not approved by the Supreme Court. In fact, the Supreme Court ruled against sit-down strikes in the 1939 case NLRB v. Fansteel Metallurgical Corp.

Question 10

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB),was created to strengthen the power of employers to prevent the formation of unions.

Accepted Answer

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) was created to protect the rights of employees to organize and to prevent and remedy unfair labor practices by employers and unions.

Question 11

The Change to Win federation planned on focusing more on working through mainly the Democratic Party instead of direct political action by the member unions.

Accepted Answer

The Change to Win federation was known for focusing on direct political action and organizing efforts rather than aligning closely with any political party, including the Democratic Party.

Question 12

The Great Depression of the 1930s convinced many employees that hard work and loyalty (not unions)insured continued employment and other good working conditions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Great Depression of the 1930s convinced...

Question 13

The merger of the AFL and CIO in 1955 has minimized raiding between the two organizations,but has not resulted in an increase in union membership or political influence.

Accepted Answer

The merger of the AFL and CIO in 1955 did reduce competition between the two organizations, but it did not significantly increase overall union membership or political influence as expected.

Question 14

Two major bargaining issues since World War II have been adjustments to technological change and safeguards against inflation.

Accepted Answer

Technological advancements and inflation have consistently impacted labor markets and economic conditions, making them central issues in labor negotiations post-World War II.

Question 15

The trend toward multi-year labor agreements after World War II put pressure on union leaders to safeguard wage increases against the possibility of increases in the inflation rate.

Accepted Answer

The trend toward multi-year labor agreements required union leaders to anticipate and protect against inflation to ensure that wage increases remained meaningful over the duration of the contract.

Question 16

The Haymarket Riot,Homestead Incident,and the Pullman Strike eliminated Samuel Gompers' leadership effectiveness in the AFL.

Accepted Answer

These events did not eliminate Samuel Gompers' leadership effectiveness in the AFL; rather, they were significant labor conflicts during his tenure, but he continued to lead the AFL effectively until his death.

Question 17

The "civil conspiracy" doctrine held that a group involved in concerted activities was unlawful if harm was inflicted on customers or other employees.

Accepted Answer

The "civil conspiracy" doctrine involves a group acting together to commit an unlawful act or a lawful act by unlawful means, which can include causing harm to others.

Question 18

The leadership of the Knights of Labor was more interested in seeking higher wage increases for employees than in seeking moral betterment for employees and society.

Accepted Answer

The Knights of Labor focused more on broad social reforms and moral betterment, including improving working conditions and advocating for workers' rights, rather than solely on wage increases.

Question 19

The emphasis on advancing employees' short-term economic and job security interests have remained the focus of organized labor since World War II.

Accepted Answer

Organized labor has historically focused on improving the economic well-being and job security of its members, which includes advocating for higher wages, better working conditions, and protections against layoffs.

Question 20

Unions received favorable public opinion after World War II because of their strict adherence to the "no strike pledge" during the war and the rather modest wage requests after the war.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Unions received favorable public opinion after World...

Quiz 2: The History of Labor-Management Relationships