Question 1

Which of the following is a feature of malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

Malnutrition weakens the immune system, making infections like dysentery more common, which can lead to diarrhea and further nutrient loss.

Question 2

What is the most likely explanation for the fatty liver that develops from protein deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Protein deficiency can impair the liver's ability to synthesize lipoproteins, which are necessary for the export of fats from the liver. This leads to the accumulation of fat in the liver, resulting in fatty liver.

Question 3

Which of the following is a feature of common worldwide agricultural practices?

Accepted Answer

Common worldwide agricultural practices often involve the use of pesticides and fertilizers to increase crop yields and manage pests, despite potential environmental concerns.

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of farm irrigation?

Accepted Answer

Irrigation can lead to an increase in soil salinity due to the accumulation of salts from the water used, especially in areas with poor drainage.

Question 5

What term describes the illness a child develops when the next child is born?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition that occurs when a child is weaned off breast milk and the diet lacks sufficient protein, often happening when a new sibling is born and the older child is no longer breastfed.

Question 6

All of the following are features of herbicide use EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Herbicide use can pose risks to farmers, including exposure to toxic chemicals, making it not always safe for them to practice.

Question 7

Which of the following conditions is associated with edema?

Accepted Answer

Edema is often caused by a diminished concentration of the blood protein albumin, which reduces the oncotic pressure in blood vessels, leading to fluid leakage into surrounding tissues.

Question 8

All of the following are examples of fossil fuels EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Solar rays are not a fossil fuel; they are a renewable energy source.

Question 9

At the end of your class presentation on "Acute Malnutrition," a student asks you to clarify how the rapid onset of malnutrition occurs in kwashiorkor.How should you respond?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor often occurs after weaning when a child is transitioned from breast milk to a diet low in protein, often due to the birth of a sibling, leading to rapid onset of malnutrition.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of marasmus?

Accepted Answer

Marasmus affects brain development significantly, especially in young children, due to severe malnutrition and lack of essential nutrients.

Question 11

What type of diet is advised to rehabilitate a severely malnourished child?

Accepted Answer

Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) is recommended for rehabilitating severely malnourished children as it is energy-dense, nutrient-rich, and easy to administer without requiring refrigeration.

Question 12

Approximately what percentage of the world's new infants are currently born into poverty?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately what percentage of the world's new...

Question 13

What is RUFT?

Accepted Answer

RUFT stands for Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food, which is a paste made from peanut butter, powdered milk, and micronutrients used to treat severe acute malnutrition.

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of marasmus in children?

Accepted Answer

Marasmus is characterized by severe undernutrition leading to low body weight and reduced body temperature due to lack of energy reserves.

Question 15

In kwashiorkor,the loss of hair color is indirectly related to

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition caused by protein deficiency. Tyrosine, an amino acid derived from protein, is a precursor for melanin, the pigment responsible for hair color. Inadequate intake of tyrosine due to protein deficiency can lead to loss of hair color.

Question 16

Which of the following is/are not among the ingredients of a common oral rehydration formula?

Accepted Answer

Zinc and iron are not typically included in a common oral rehydration formula, which usually consists of salt, sugar, and clean water.

Question 17

If the world's production of food energy were equally distributed among the world's population,approximately how many kcalories per day would be available to each person?

Accepted Answer

The world's production of food energy, when equally distributed, would provide approximately 2720 kcalories per day per person, based on global food production data and population estimates.

Question 18

Which of the following is a feature of kwashiorkor?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor is often precipitated in undernourished children by infections, as their bodies are already weakened and unable to cope with additional stress.

Question 19

In kwashiorkor,what mineral is often present in an unbound form that promotes bacterial growth?

Accepted Answer

In kwashiorkor, iron is often present in an unbound form due to protein deficiency, which can promote bacterial growth as bacteria utilize free iron for their proliferation.

Question 20

What is the usual initial therapy for the treatment of kwashiorkor?

Accepted Answer

The initial therapy for kwashiorkor focuses on restoring fluid and electrolyte balance to stabilize the patient before addressing nutritional deficiencies.

Quiz 20: Hunger and the Global Environment