Question 1

Which one of the following statements about TQM is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

TQM focuses on building quality into the process and empowering employees to ensure quality, rather than increasing the number of quality inspectors.

Question 2

Which of the quality "gurus" advocated the idea of setting an objective of zero defects to focus on the cost of poor quality (cost of nonconformance)?

Accepted Answer

Philip Crosby is known for advocating the concept of "zero defects" and emphasizing the cost of poor quality, which he referred to as the cost of nonconformance.

Question 3

Which one of the following statements about quality is generally FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Quality is a shared responsibility across an organization, involving both management and production workers, not just the latter.

Question 4

A company is interested in monitoring the number of scratches on Plexiglas panels. The appropriate control chart to use would be

Accepted Answer

The answer of A company is interested in monitoring the...

Question 5

A process is said to be in statistical control only when the

Accepted Answer

A process is in statistical control when the distribution's dimensions, including mean and variance, remain consistent over time, indicating stable process behavior.

Question 6

A manufacturer of silk inspects each bolt of material at the end of the manufacturing process. When the process is in control, it averages 11 defects per bolt. If a 2- sigma control limit is used, what is the upper control limit?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A manufacturer of silk inspects each bolt...

Question 7

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Appraisal costs increase as quality consistency decreases because more inspection is required to ensure that the product meets the desired quality level.

Question 8

Which one of the following is considered to be an appraisal cost?

Accepted Answer

Appraisal costs are associated with measuring and monitoring activities to ensure quality standards, such as quality audits.

Question 9

Historically, the average proportion of defective bars has been 0.015. Samples will be of 100 bars each. Construct a p- chart using z = 3. Suppose a sample had 0.04 defective. What would you do?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Historically, the average proportion of defective bars...

Question 10

Table 7.1 Factors foe Calculating Thee- Segma L.tmits for the $\bar { X }$-chart and $R$-chart -Historically, the average diameter of the holes drilled has been 0.25 cm and the average range has been 0.1 cm. Determine the central line and upper and lower control limits for an $\bar { X }$ and an R- chart, assuming samples of size 8 will be taken. Use Table 7.1. For the R- chart, what is the value of the UCL_R?

Accepted Answer

The UCL for the R-chart is calculated using the formula UCL_R = D4 * R-bar. For a sample size of 8, D4 is approximately 2.114. Therefore, UCL_R = 2.114 * 0.1 = 0.2114, which falls in the range greater than 0.1510 but less than or equal to 0.2020.

Question 11

The upper and lower specification limits for a component are 0.150 cm. and 0.120 cm., respectively. The process standard deviation is 0.003 cm. and the process average is 0.138 cm. What conclusion can be drawn?

Accepted Answer

The process is capable because the process spread (6 * 0.003 = 0.018 cm) is less than the specification spread (0.150 - 0.120 = 0.030 cm).

Question 12

The cause- and- effect diagram is a method that

Accepted Answer

The cause-and-effect diagram, also known as the fishbone diagram or Ishikawa diagram, is used to identify and relate potential contributing factors to a specific problem or defect.

Question 13

Table $7.1$
Factors for Calculating Three- Sigma Limits for the $\bar { X }$ - chart and $R$ - chart

-A milling operation has historically produced an average thickness of 0.005 inch with an average range of 0.0015 inch. Currently, the first three items from each batch of 20 are inspected. 
Use Table 1.. What is the value of LCL$\bar { X }$ ) if the sample size is increased to 6?

Accepted Answer

The LCL (Lower Control Limit) for the sample mean is calculated using the formula LCL = $\bar{X}$ - A2 * R, where A2 is a constant that depends on the sample size. For a sample size of 6, A2 is approximately 0.483. Given $\bar{X}$ = 0.005 and R = 0.0015, LCL = 0.005 - (0.483 * 0.0015) = 0.004275, which falls in the range greater than 0.0030 but less than or equal to 0.0049.

Question 14

Which one of the following statements about TQM is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

In TQM, quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization, not just the quality control department.

Question 15

Consumers consider various aspects when defining quality in terms of high- performance design. Consideration of the lifespan of a product before it begins to deteriorate or no longer functions at an acceptable level refers to which one of these aspects?

Accepted Answer

Durability refers to the lifespan of a product before it begins to deteriorate or no longer functions at an acceptable level.

Question 16

Which alternative will increase the probability of detecting a shift in the process average?

Accepted Answer

Taking larger samples more frequently increases the probability of detecting a shift in the process average because it provides more data points and reduces the time between observations, making it easier to identify changes.

Question 17

Table 7.1
$$\begin{array}{l}
\text { Factors for Calculating Three- Sigma Limits for the } \bar { X } \text { - chart and } R \text { - chart }\
\begin{array} { | c | l | l | l | } 
\hline \begin{array} { l } 
\text { Size of } \
\text { Sample } \
( n )
\end{array} & \begin{array} { l } 
\text { Factor for UCL } \
\text { and LCL for } \
\text { X-Charts } \
\left( A _ { 2 } \right)
\end{array} & \begin{array} { l } 
\text { Factor for } \
\text { LCL for } \
\text { R-Charts } \
\left( D _ { 2 } \right)
\end{array} & \begin{array} { l } 
\text { Factor for } \
\text { UCL for } \
R \text { - Charts } \
( D ) )
\end{array} \
\hline 2 & 1.880 & 0 & 3.267 \
3 & 1.023 & 0 & 2.575 \
4 & 0.729 & 0 & 2.282 \
5 & 0.577 & 0 & 2.115 \
6 & 0.483 & 0 & 2.004 \
7 & 0.419 & 0.076 & 1.924 \
8 & 0.373 & 0.136 & 1.864 \
9 & 0.397 & 0.184 & 1.816 \
10 & 0.308 & 0.233 & 1.777 \
\hline
\end{array}
\end{array}$$
-Historically, the average diameter of the holes drilled has been 0.25 cm and the average range has been 0.1 cm. Determine the central line and upper and lower control limits for an X- and an  R- chart, assuming samples of size 8 will be taken. Use Table 7.1.For the - chart, what is the value of $U C L \bar { _X } ?$

Accepted Answer

The answer of Table 7.1
\[\begin{array}{l}
\text { Factors for Calculating Three-...

Question 18

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Variation in process output can never be completely eliminated due to inherent variability in processes, even though it can be minimized.

Question 19

Table $7.1$
Factors for Calculating Three- Sigma Limits for the $\overline { \bar { X } }$ - chart and $R$-chart

-A milling operation has historically produced an average thickness of 0.005 inch with an average range of 0.0015 inch. Currently, the first three items from each batch of 20 are inspected. Use Table 1.. The quality control manager has recommended inspecting the first 3 and the last 3 items. (a sample of 6) from each batch of 20. What is the value of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Table $7.1$
Factors for Calculating Three- Sigma Limits...

Question 20

What are the key factors for controlling supplier quality?

Accepted Answer

Specification management and the buyer's approach are crucial for controlling supplier quality as they ensure that the supplier understands and meets the required standards and expectations.

Quiz 7: Inventory Management

Which one of the following statements about TQM is FALSE?

Which of the quality "gurus" advocated the idea of setting an objective of zero defects to focus on the cost of poor quality (cost of nonconformance) ?

Which one of the following statements about quality is generally FALSE?

A process is said to be in statistical control only when the

A manufacturer of silk inspects each bolt of material at the end of the manufacturing process. When the process is in control, it averages 11 defects per bolt. If a 2- sigma control limit is used, what is the upper control limit?

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

Which one of the following is considered to be an appraisal cost?

Historically, the average proportion of defective bars has been 0.015. Samples will be of 100 bars each. Construct a p- chart using z = 3. Suppose a sample had 0.04 defective. What would you do?

The upper and lower specification limits for a component are 0.150 cm. and 0.120 cm., respectively. The process standard deviation is 0.003 cm. and the process average is 0.138 cm. What conclusion can be drawn?

The cause- and- effect diagram is a method that

Which one of the following statements about TQM is FALSE?

Consumers consider various aspects when defining quality in terms of high- performance design. Consideration of the lifespan of a product before it begins to deteriorate or no longer functions at an acceptable level refers to which one of these aspects?

Which alternative will increase the probability of detecting a shift in the process average?

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

What are the key factors for controlling supplier quality?