Question 1

A key finding in the Hawthorne studies was which of these?
A) Stronger lighting increased productivity.
B) More money resulted in increased productivity.
C) Productivity increased with autocratic leadership.
D) Higher temperatures reduced productivity.
E) Human relations increased productivity.

Accepted Answer

The key finding in the Hawthorne studies was that human relations and attention from management increased productivity. The study found that workers were motivated not only by physical working conditions, but also by the social and psychological factors related to their work environment. This led to the development of the Human Relations Movement in management theory.

Question 2

Mary Parker Follett thought of leadership as ______, rather than techniques.
A) systems
B) procedures
C) people
D) efficiencies
E) statistics

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mary Parker Follett thought of leadership as...

Question 3

The principle that similar activities in an organization should be grouped together under one manager is the essence of the classical perspective known as:
A) unity of command.
B) division of work.
C) unity of direction.
D) scalar chain.
E) quality management.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The principle that similar activities in an...

Question 4

The ______refers to a chain of authority extending from top to the bottom of the organization and including every employee.
A) unity of command
B) division of labor
C) unity of direction
D) scalar chain
E) none of these

Accepted Answer

The scalar chain refers to the chain of authority that extends from the top to the bottom of the organization, including every employee. It emphasizes the importance of clear lines of communication and the importance of maintaining a clear chain of command.

Question 5

The bureaucratic organizations approach is a subfield within the______ .
A) classical perspective
B) systems theory
C) scientific management
D) learning organization
E) management science view

Accepted Answer

The bureaucratic organizations approach is a subfield within the classical perspective, which focuses on the principles of management and organizational structure.

Question 6

According to Weber's ideas on bureaucracy, organizations should be based on which of these?
A) Personal loyalty
B) Personal references
C) Rational authority
D) Family ties
E) Charismatic authority

Accepted Answer

Weber believed that organizations should have a rational authority structure based on rules and regulations rather than personal relationships. Bureaucracies should be efficient and predictable, and decisions should be made objectively based on established procedures. Personal loyalty, references, family ties, and charismatic authority are not considered appropriate bases for organizing a bureaucracy according to Weber's ideas.

Question 7

Mary Parker Follett contributed to which field?
A) Humanistic approach
B) Scientific management approach
C) Total quality management approach
D) Quantitative approach to management
E) Systems approach to management

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mary Parker Follett contributed to which field?
A)...

Question 8

Whereas scientific management focused on______ , administrative principles approach focused on the .
A) individual productivity; total organization
B) organization productivity; individual effort
C) efficient procedures; management by principle
D) employee ability; employee loyalty
E) employee competence; work flow through the organization

Accepted Answer

The answer of Whereas scientific management focused on______ , administrative...

Question 9

Positions organized in a hierarchy of authority is an important characteristic of:
A) scientific management.
B) bureaucratic organizations.
C) quantitative management.
D) the human relations movement.
E) total quality management.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucratic organizations emphasize a clear hierarchy of authority and a system of rules and procedures to ensure consistent decision-making and accountability.

Question 10

All of the following are characteristics of Weberian bureaucracy except:
A) labor is divided with clear definitions of authority and responsibility that are legitimized as official duties.
B) positions are organized in a hierarchy of authority, with each position under the authority of a higher one.
C) all personnel are selected and promoted based on technical qualifications.
D) administrative acts and decisions are recorded in writing.
E) management is the same as the ownership of the organization.

Accepted Answer

The management and ownership of the organization are not the same in a Weberian bureaucracy. Ownership is typically held by shareholders or the state, while management is responsible for making operational decisions and implementing policies.

Question 11

The findings provided by the Hawthorne Studies provided the impetus for the______ , despite flawed methodology or inaccurate conclusions.
A) classical perspective
B) humanistic perspective
C) scientific management
D) bureaucratic organizations
E) contingency perspective

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne Studies emphasized the importance of human interaction and the social context in the workplace, which aligns with the humanistic perspective. While the methodology and conclusions have been criticized, the studies paved the way for a greater focus on employee well-being and job satisfaction in the workplace. The other options do not align as closely with the Hawthorne Studies.

Question 12

Frederick Taylor's contributions were in the field of:
A) scientific management.
B) human resource management.
C) human relations.
D) quantitative management.
E) total quality management.

Accepted Answer

Frederick Taylor is known as the father of scientific management, which focuses on improving labor efficiency by scientifically analyzing and measuring work processes. He developed principles such as time and motion studies and advocated for the separation of planning and execution in workplaces. Therefore, his major contributions were in the field of scientific management.

Question 13

Genex Dynamics is a ballistics company that uses the unity of command, scalar chain, and division of work principles. These are part of which management philosophy?
A) Administrative principles approach
B) Bureaucratic approach
C) Scientific management approach
D) Humanistic approach
E) Behavioral sciences approach

Accepted Answer

The administrative principles approach emphasizes the importance of clear managerial roles and responsibilities, as well as standardized procedures and processes within an organization. Genex Dynamics' use of the unity of command, scalar chain, and division of work principles aligns with this approach.

Question 14

Which of these is a major criticism of scientific management?
A) It ignored the social context of work.
B) It ignored the impact of compensation on performance.
C) It overemphasized individual differences.
D) It overemphasized the intelligence of workers.
E) It emphasized the social context of work.

Accepted Answer

One major criticism of scientific management is that it focused solely on increasing efficiency and productivity without considering the social context of work and the impact it has on workers. This approach often led to worker dissatisfaction, burnout, and high turnover rates.

Question 15

Max Weber felt selection of employees should be based on______ .
A) education
B) competence
C) connections
D) political skills
E) efficient systems

Accepted Answer

Max Weber believed in selecting employees based on their competence, which is their ability to perform the job efficiently and effectively. This is because he believed that hiring based on merit would result in a more efficient and productive organization. Other factors, such as education or political skills, were not as important to him as the ability to do the job well.

Question 16

Archies' Antiques, Inc., is characterized by separation of management from ownership and by clearly defined lines of authority and responsibility. These characteristics are consistent with the principles of:
A) scientific management.
B) bureaucratic organizations.
C) administrative management theory.
D) human resource management.
E) all of these.

Accepted Answer

The characteristics of separation of management from ownership and clearly defined lines of authority and responsibility are consistent with the principles of bureaucratic organizations, which emphasize the importance of clear rules and procedures, a hierarchy of authority, and specialization of tasks. Scientific management emphasizes the systematic study of work processes to improve efficiency, administrative management theory emphasizes the overall organization and management of the business, and human resource management emphasizes the importance of employee motivation and development. While these theories may also incorporate aspects of bureaucracy, bureaucratic organizations are specifically defined by their emphasis on clear rules and procedures and a hierarchical structure.

Question 17

Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of:
A) bureaucratic organizations.
B) scientific management.
C) quantitative management.
D) administrative management.
E) behavioral science.

Accepted Answer

Standardization of work and wage incentives are key principles of scientific management, which emphasizes the use of systematic approaches to improve efficiency and productivity in organizations. Bureaucratic organizations also value standardization, but do not typically emphasize wage incentives. Quantitative management emphasizes the use of mathematical techniques to improve decision-making and does not necessarily focus on standardization or wage incentives. Administrative management emphasizes the importance of organizational structure and stability, but does not necessarily emphasize standardization or wage incentives. Behavioral science emphasizes the importance of understanding human behavior in organizations and does not necessarily focus on standardization or wage incentives.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a criticism of scientific management?
A) It does not appreciate the social context of work.
B) It does not appreciate the higher needs of workers.
C) It does not appreciate the careful study of tasks and jobs.
D) It does not acknowledge variance among individuals.
E) It tends to regard workers as uninformed and ignored their ideas and suggestions.

Accepted Answer

The careful study of tasks and jobs is actually one of the key components of scientific management. The criticisms of scientific management include neglecting the social context of work (A), ignoring the higher needs of workers (B), not acknowledging individual differences (D), and disregarding worker input (E).

Question 19

The use of specialization to produce more and better work with the same level of effort is consistent with the administrative management principle of:
A) unity of command.
B) unity of direction.
C) scalar chain.
D) division of work.
E) none of these

Accepted Answer

The principle of division of work, also known as specialization, involves breaking down tasks into smaller, more specialized components in order to increase efficiency and productivity. This principle is a fundamental aspect of administrative management theory, which emphasizes the importance of organizing work processes in order to maximize output while minimizing effort and resources.

Question 20

Chester Bernard felt that ______could help a poorly managed organization.
A) bureaucracy
B) line managers
C) efficiencies
D) informal relations
E) top/down flow of information

Accepted Answer

Chester Bernard believed that informal relations, or the spontaneous relationships and interactions between employees, could help improve a poorly managed organization by enhancing communication and creating a sense of unity among employees.

Quiz 1: Innovative Management for a Changing World

A key finding in the Hawthorne studies was which of these?

Mary Parker Follett thought of leadership as ______, rather than techniques.

The principle that similar activities in an organization should be grouped together under one manager is the essence of the classical perspective known as:

The ______refers to a chain of authority extending from top to the bottom of the organization and including every employee.

The bureaucratic organizations approach is a subfield within the______ .

According to Weber's ideas on bureaucracy, organizations should be based on which of these?

Mary Parker Follett contributed to which field?

Whereas scientific management focused on______ , administrative principles approach focused on the .

Positions organized in a hierarchy of authority is an important characteristic of:

All of the following are characteristics of Weberian bureaucracy except:

The findings provided by the Hawthorne Studies provided the impetus for the______ , despite flawed methodology or inaccurate conclusions.

Frederick Taylor's contributions were in the field of:

Genex Dynamics is a ballistics company that uses the unity of command, scalar chain, and division of work principles. These are part of which management philosophy?

Which of these is a major criticism of scientific management?

Max Weber felt selection of employees should be based on______ .

Archies' Antiques, Inc., is characterized by separation of management from ownership and by clearly defined lines of authority and responsibility. These characteristics are consistent with the principles of:

Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of:

Which of the following is not a criticism of scientific management?

The use of specialization to produce more and better work with the same level of effort is consistent with the administrative management principle of:

Chester Bernard felt that ______could help a poorly managed organization.