Question 1

Hepatitis B virus releases a large amount of viral antigen, which benefits the patient by

Accepted Answer

The large amount of viral antigen released by the Hepatitis B virus ensures there is enough substrate for binding with labeled antibodies, which is beneficial for diagnostic tests.

Question 2

What conditions may trigger reactivation of latent herpesvirus infections?

Accepted Answer

Reactivation of latent herpesvirus infections can be triggered by various factors including fever, immune suppression, major hormonal changes, and severe stress.

Question 3

Virions known as Dane particles are the infectious form of

Accepted Answer

Dane particles are the complete and infectious form of the hepatitis B virus.

Question 4

The large size of poxviruses allows them to

Accepted Answer

The large size of poxviruses allows them to carry additional genetic material, making them suitable vectors for delivering genes in gene therapy and vaccine development.

Question 5

Which of the following viruses are the only ssDNA viruses that cause disease in humans?

Accepted Answer

Parvoviridae is the only family of viruses among the options listed that consists of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses known to cause disease in humans, such as the B19 virus causing fifth disease.

Question 6

An older adult is complaining of an intensely painful rash that has appeared as a patch on one side of his chest. This description is consistent with

Accepted Answer

The description of an intensely painful rash appearing as a patch on one side of the chest is consistent with shingles, which is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox.

Question 7

Which of the following viruses exist only in laboratory stocks?

Accepted Answer

Smallpox is the only virus on the list that has been eradicated in the wild and now exists only in laboratory stocks for research purposes.

Question 8

Infection of the respiratory system by may develop into symptoms of a common cold.

Accepted Answer

Adenoviruses are known to cause respiratory infections that can lead to symptoms similar to those of the common cold.

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning the hepatitis B vaccine is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The hepatitis B vaccine does not need to be repeated every five years; immunity can last at least 20 years and often for life.

Question 10

Human herpesvirus 4 (EBV) is implicated in which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

EBV is implicated in Burkitt's lymphoma, chronic fatigue syndrome, and oral hairy leukoplakia.

Question 11

Reactivation of latent in immunosuppressed individuals may result in disease of the brain known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PLM).

Accepted Answer

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is caused by the reactivation of the JC virus, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals.

Question 12

A teenager shows up at a clinic with lesions on his face. The sores are raised, light- colored bumps with a waxy texture. A few similar lesions are present on the torso as well. With which of the following viruses might he be infected?

Accepted Answer

The description of the lesions as raised, light-colored bumps with a waxy texture is characteristic of molluscum contagiosum, a viral infection caused by a poxvirus.

Question 13

A young man goes to a clinic complaining of discomfort in his foot, especially when standing. Upon examination, the clinician observes raised bumps with rough surfaces on the sole of his foot. These lesions are consistent with

Accepted Answer

The description of raised bumps with rough surfaces on the sole of the foot is consistent with plantar warts, which are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).

Question 14

Which of the following increases the risk of permanent liver damage with hepatitis B infection?

Accepted Answer

Coinfection with hepatitis D virus significantly increases the risk of permanent liver damage in individuals with hepatitis B infection, as hepatitis D virus requires hepatitis B virus to replicate and can lead to more severe liver disease.

Question 15

What is the most prevalent viral infection seen in neonates?

Accepted Answer

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital viral infection in neonates, often leading to various health issues.

Question 16

Which of the following families of DNA viruses is the most prevalent in humans?

Accepted Answer

The Herpesviridae family is the most prevalent in humans, with viruses such as herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) being widespread and causing common infections.

Question 17

A blood sample showing neutropenia and large B lymphocytes with atypical nuclei is characteristic of infection with

Accepted Answer

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, often associated with infectious mononucleosis, can cause atypical lymphocytes (large B lymphocytes with atypical nuclei) and neutropenia in the blood.

Question 18

What is unique about the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is unique about the Hepadnaviridae family...

Question 19

Which of the following characteristics are common to Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, and Hepadnaviridae?

Accepted Answer

Both Poxviridae and Herpesviridae have double-stranded DNA in the virion and an envelope. Hepadnaviridae has double-stranded DNA in the virion but no envelope.

Question 20

Which of the following viruses is responsible for erythema infectiosum?

Accepted Answer

Erythema infectiosum, also known as fifth disease, is caused by the B19 virus, which is a parvovirus.

Quiz 24: Pathogenic Dna Viruses