Question 1

Warrington 1985) proposed an anatomical model of the cognitive operations necessary to explain object recognition. The first stage in this model involves the detection and categorization of visually invariant information, which occurs in the hemisphere; the second stage involves the semantic categorization of visual input, which occurs in hemispheres).

Accepted Answer

Warrington's model proposes that the first stage of object recognition involves the detection and categorization of visually invariant information, which occurs in the right hemisphere. The second stage involves the semantic categorization of visual input, which occurs in the left hemisphere. Therefore, the correct choice would be C, which states that the first stage occurs in the right hemisphere and the second stage occurs in the left hemisphere.

Question 2

Which of the following is a brain region that would likely be implicated in processing spatial relations in an outdoor scene?

Accepted Answer

The parahippocampal place area (PPA) is a brain region specifically involved in processing spatial relationships in scenes. The other regions mentioned, fusiform place area (FPA), fusiform face area (FFA), and parahippocampal face area (PFA) are not involved in processing spatial relationships in scenes.

Question 3

Which of the following visual object properties best illustrates the concept of a visually invariant property?

Accepted Answer

The major and minor axes of an object are visually invariant properties because they remain constant regardless of changes in perspective, lighting, or orientation.

Question 4

According to Warrington's model, patients with left posterior lesions should be particularly impaired in

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Warrington's model, patients with left...

Question 5

One limitation of view-dependent theories of object recognition is that

Accepted Answer

View-dependent theories require storing multiple templates for different views of an object, which can be inefficient and resource-intensive.

Question 6

A patient who has difficulty matching pictures of the same object taken from different vantage points may be showing which dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

Apperceptive agnosia is characterized by difficulty in recognizing objects when they are viewed from unusual angles or in unusual lighting conditions, as it involves a failure in perceptual processing.

Question 7

Generally, in anatomical studies of object recognition deficits, posterior lesions are associated with agnosia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Generally, in anatomical studies of object recognition...

Question 8

A major source of evidence against the idea that faces are processed in a special brain region in humans is that the candidate region

Accepted Answer

The candidate region, often referred to as the fusiform face area (FFA), is also activated when people make discriminations among highly familiar stimuli, not just faces, suggesting it may not be specialized exclusively for face processing.

Question 9

is to as face recognition is to object recognition.

Accepted Answer

Prosopagnosia refers to the inability to recognize faces, while agnosia refers to the inability to recognize familiar objects. Therefore, the relationship between face recognition and object recognition is best described as being similar to the relationship between prosopagnosia and agnosia.

Question 10

According to theories of object recognition, when one sees an object such as a bicycle, recognition depends on the ability to detect properties that do not depend on specific viewing conditions.

Accepted Answer

View-invariant theories suggest that object recognition relies on detecting properties that remain constant regardless of the viewing angle or conditions, allowing for consistent recognition of objects like a bicycle.

Question 11

A person with apperceptive visual agnosia has difficulty in recognizing drawings of familiar objects, such as an apple. If she were asked to imagine an apple rather than to inspect a picture of an apple, you would expect to find that

Accepted Answer

Apperceptive visual agnosia affects both visual perception and the ability to generate visual images because both processes rely on similar brain regions.

Question 12

When a person who has learned to read proficiently subsequently develops reading problems as a result of brain injury, this deficit is called

Accepted Answer

Acquired alexia is a condition where a person who previously had normal reading ability loses this ability due to brain injury.

Question 13

Why do people fail to notice when the mouth and eyes of an inverted face remain upright?

Accepted Answer

When we typically view a face, we rely heavily on the configurations of its features, such as the eyes and mouth, to recognize it as a face. However, when the overall configuration of the face is maintained, such as in the case of an inverted face, it is still recognizable as a face despite the eyes and mouth being in an unusual orientation. This is known as the "configural processing" of faces, and is why people may fail to notice when the eyes and mouth of an inverted face remain upright. Apperceptive agnosia and prosopagnosia are both neurological conditions that impact visual recognition but are not necessary in explaining why people may fail to notice upright features in inverted faces.

Question 14

After suffering from a focal brain injury, a patient has difficulty in recognizing visually presented objects, despite normal acuity and color perception. Notably, she has severe difficulty in judging whether two pictures, each showing a different view, represent the same object. What is the most probable diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Apperceptive agnosia is characterized by difficulty in recognizing objects due to a failure in perceptual processing, which aligns with the patient's symptoms of difficulty in recognizing objects and judging different views of the same object.

Question 15

With regard to perception, the term feature refers to

Accepted Answer

In perception, the term feature refers to a fundamental component of a visual pattern, such as the orientation of edges, color, and shape. These features are processed and combined by the brain to form our perception of the world around us.

Question 16

In fMRI studies, when a stimulus is repeated, the BOLD response can be presentation compared to the first. This is known as the .

Accepted Answer

Repetition suppression effect refers to the phenomenon where the BOLD response is lower upon repeated presentation of a stimulus compared to the first presentation.

Question 17

Patients with prosopagnosia typically have difficulty recognizing

Accepted Answer

Patients with prosopagnosia have difficulty recognizing both the faces of their friends and those of famous people.

Question 18

Which of the following statements does NOT explain why some patients are visually agnosic for living animate) things versus nonliving inanimate) things?

Accepted Answer

The distinction between animate and inanimate object recognition does not depend on the familiarity or quantity of objects in the environment but rather on how different categories of objects are processed and represented in the brain, their visual features, and possibly the activation of different cognitive representations.

Question 19

Prosopagnosia is to alexia as is to .

Accepted Answer

Prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize familiar faces, while alexia is the inability to read. Therefore, the relationship between the two is that they are both a type of agnosia, which is the inability to recognize and interpret sensory information. The closest parallel to prosopagnosia and a similar type of agnosia would be face recognition and reading, making choice A the correct answer.

Question 20

Humphreys and Riddoch 1994) described a patient with a syndrome they called integrative agnosia, which was characterized by difficulty in

Accepted Answer

Integrative agnosia is characterized by difficulty in combining parts of objects into coherent whole percepts, as described by Humphreys and Riddoch.

Quiz 6: Object Recognition