Question 1

A statistical technique where two or more recurrent events are examined for linkages is known as

Accepted Answer

Time-series analysis is the statistical technique used to analyze the sequence of data points collected or recorded at successive points in time, often with the goal of identifying patterns, trends, or correlations among variables over time. This makes it suitable for examining linkages between two or more recurrent events.

Question 2

According to Kimmel's (1997)theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,a complete unawareness of other cultures,which leads negotiators to attribute ignorance and bad intentions to the other side,is called

Accepted Answer

Cultural chauvinism, according to Kimmel's theory, refers to a stage of intercultural awareness where there is a complete unawareness of other cultures, leading to attributions of ignorance and bad intentions to the other side. This stage is characterized by a belief in the superiority of one's own culture over others.

Question 3

Deutsch (1986)identified three different strategies in a multi-trial game in which participants could cooperate or compete.Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies Deutsch identified?

Accepted Answer

Deutsch identified the punitive deterrent strategy, nonpunitive deterrent strategy, and turn the other cheek strategy, but not the spiraling competition strategy.

Question 4

One reason given as to why group-on-group interactions are more competitive than one-on-one interactions is that

Accepted Answer

Individuals often distrust groups, assuming that they will act competitively, which can lead to more competitive group-on-group interactions.

Question 5

Which of the following is FALSE about Osgood's (1962)GRIT approach to international cooperation?

Accepted Answer

The GRIT approach does not emphasize punishing defection per se. It does, however, involve retaliation in response to defection, but this is not the primary focus of the approach. The emphasis is on starting with a peace initiative, making small concessions, and publicly challenging the other side to reciprocate, with the hope of eventually building trust and cooperation.

Question 6

According to the Deutsch (1986)study,which strategy is likely to be the LEAST successful in intergroup conflict?

Accepted Answer

According to Deutsch (1986), the strategy of turning the other cheek is likely to be the least successful in intergroup conflict as it provides no response or resistance to the opposing group's behavior. This strategy may be perceived as weak and may encourage the other group to continue with their aggressive behavior.

Question 7

In the Deutsch (1986)study,participants played against a confederate for real money.The confederate sometimes responded with an attack if the participant did not cooperate.This is known as a

Accepted Answer

The confederate's response of attack can be classified as a punitive deterrent strategy, as it involves using punishment (in the form of attack) to deter non-cooperative behavior from the participant.

Question 8

A perceptual dilemma,in which both sides believe it is best to cooperate,while both also believe that the other side would prefer that "we" cooperate while "they" exploit,is a combination of a ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes a social dilemma, where each side would benefit from cooperation, but there is a concern that the other side may exploit the situation. Additionally, the perception that the other side is an outgroup can fuel biases that inhibit cooperation. The other options do not fully capture the details of the scenario described.

Question 9

The extent to which a person demonstrates simplified "black-and-white" categorical thinking as opposed to an acknowledgement of all sides of an issue is

Accepted Answer

Integrative complexity refers to the degree to which a person acknowledges and integrates multiple perspectives and dimensions of an issue, instead of relying on simplistic black-and-white thinking. Social dominance orientation (A) refers to a preference for hierarchical and dominant social structures. Openness to influence (B) refers to the degree to which a person is receptive to outside opinions and suggestions. Need for cognition (D) refers to an individual's preference for engaging in effortful and complex cognitive activities.

Question 10

According to Kimmel's (1997)theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,an awareness and appreciation of differences between cultures that is accompanied by a feeling that one's own culture is more effective and realistic is called

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Kimmel's (1997)theory of levels of...

Question 11

According to the Deutsch (1986)study,which strategy is likely to be the MOST successful in intergroup conflict?

Accepted Answer

According to Deutsch's (1986) study, nonpunitive deterrence is the most successful strategy in intergroup conflict. This involves focusing on deterrence and prevention rather than punishment, and promoting mutual cooperation and understanding between groups. This approach is more likely to lead to long-term peace and cooperation between groups, rather than perpetuating a cycle of revenge and retaliation.

Question 12

"Integretative complexity" refers to

Accepted Answer

Integrative complexity refers to the degree to which a person can consider multiple perspectives and integrate them, as opposed to "black-and-white" thinking, which is simplistic and lacks nuance.

Question 13

If an individual is high in ________,they have a strong fear and distrust of foreigners.

Accepted Answer

The term "xenophobia" specifically refers to a fear or distrust of foreign people, cultures, or things. Agoraphobia is a fear of open or public spaces, erotophobia is a fear of sexual activity, and claustrophobia is a fear of enclosed spaces, none of which are related to the fear of foreigners.

Question 14

According to Kimmel's (1997)theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,a realization that one's own way of doing things is only one of many and that others are not always abnormal in any way is called

Accepted Answer

According to Kimmel's theory, the realization that one's own way of doing things is only one of many and that others are not always abnormal in any way is called understanding. Cultural chauvinism refers to an arrogant belief in the superiority of one's culture over others. Minimization is the tendency to downplay cultural or individual differences. Tolerance refers to the ability to accept the existence of beliefs or behaviors that differ from one's own. However, tolerance does not necessarily involve understanding the other culture. Therefore, the best choice is A, understanding.

Question 15

What did Simonton's time-series analysis of the relationship between xenophobia and cultural achievements in Japan show?

Accepted Answer

Simonton's time-series analysis showed that openness to outside influence led to increased cultural achievements two generations later in Japan.

Question 16

Two countries are in conflict over a piece of land.Which of the following tactics would be most consistent with a GRIT strategy to reduce the conflict?

Accepted Answer

A GRIT (Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction) strategy involves making small, mutual concessions over time to reduce conflict. Option A involves a small concession with a challenge for the other side to match it, which is consistent with a GRIT strategy. Options B, C, and D do not involve mutual concessions or a gradual approach, and may escalate the conflict rather than reduce it.

Question 17

According to research,racism and authoritarian tendencies tend to increase

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that during periods of economic hardship, there is a higher likelihood of increased prejudice and discriminatory attitudes towards certain groups. This can be due to a sense of competition for resources and jobs, leading to scapegoating of certain populations. Authoritarian tendencies can also arise in times of economic hardship, as people may seek strong leadership and certainty in uncertain times.

Question 18

The most "stable" strategy in reciprocal negotiations over time is called a

Accepted Answer

The tit-for-tat strategy involves reciprocating the same behavior as the other party's previous move. It is the most stable strategy in reciprocal negotiations over time as it encourages cooperation and minimizes the risk of one party taking advantage of the other. This strategy is based on trust-building and can lead to mutual benefit in the long run.

Question 19

You are a manager who has two "teams" of employees.They are not working well together,and it is your job to encourage cooperation.Which of the following is NOT a strategy that would help to encourage cooperation?

Accepted Answer

Reminding the teams that they are in competition for a limited pool of money for raises may actually further divide the teams and encourage selfish behavior rather than cooperation. The other options encourage collaboration and a sense of unity, which are more likely to result in improved teamwork.

Question 20

Two participants in an experiment are playing a social dilemma game.One participant adopts a strategy in which she responds to cooperation with cooperation and to competitiveness with competitiveness.What strategy has she adopted?

Accepted Answer

The participant has adopted a tit-for-tat strategy, in which she responds to cooperation with cooperation and to competitiveness with competitiveness. This strategy involves responding in kind to the other participant's behavior, and is often effective in promoting cooperation.

Quiz 13: Social Dilemmas: Cooperation versus Conflict

A statistical technique where two or more recurrent events are examined for linkages is known as

According to Kimmel's (1997) theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,a complete unawareness of other cultures,which leads negotiators to attribute ignorance and bad intentions to the other side,is called

Deutsch (1986) identified three different strategies in a multi-trial game in which participants could cooperate or compete.Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies Deutsch identified?

One reason given as to why group-on-group interactions are more competitive than one-on-one interactions is that

Which of the following is FALSE about Osgood's (1962) GRIT approach to international cooperation?

According to the Deutsch (1986) study,which strategy is likely to be the LEAST successful in intergroup conflict?

In the Deutsch (1986) study,participants played against a confederate for real money.The confederate sometimes responded with an attack if the participant did not cooperate.This is known as a

A perceptual dilemma,in which both sides believe it is best to cooperate,while both also believe that the other side would prefer that "we" cooperate while "they" exploit,is a combination of a and .