Question 1

Which statement is not true about not- at- homes?
A) Pre- notification and appointments increase the likelihood that the respondent will be at home when contact is attempted.
B) People with small children are more likely to be at home than single or divorced people.
C) Consumers are more likely to be at home on weekdays than on weekends.
D) Consumers are more likely to be at home in the evening as opposed to during the afternoon.

Accepted Answer

Consumers are generally more likely to be at home on weekends than on weekdays due to work and other weekday commitments.

Question 2

Ethical dilemmas associated with sample size determination include all of the following except .
A) investigating the possibility of non- response bias and making a reasonable effort to adjust for it
B) what should be done when a difference in the actual standard deviation and the estimated standard deviation results in a larger confidence interval than desired
C) inflating the standard deviation to increase sample size and project revenue
D) All of the above pose ethical dilemmas.

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed pose ethical dilemmas in sample size determination, except for option D, which incorrectly suggests that all options are ethical dilemmas.

Question 3

Which method of improving response rate involves sending potential respondents a postcard or letter to remind nonrespondents to complete and return the questionnaire?
A) motivating the respondents
B) follow- up
C) incentives
D) prior notification

Accepted Answer

Follow-up is the method of improving response rate that involves sending potential respondents a postcard or letter to remind nonrespondents to complete and return the questionnaire. Motivating the respondents and providing incentives are also useful methods, but they do not involve direct contact with nonrespondents. Prior notification involves alerting potential respondents before they receive the questionnaire, but it does not involve a follow-up reminder.

Question 4

The statistically determined sample size is the net or .
A) completion rate
B) final sample size
C) initial sample size
D) incidence rate

Accepted Answer

The statistically determined sample size is the net or final sample size.

Question 5

When determining the sample size, the standard deviation may not be known. Which of the following was not mentioned in your text as a way to estimate the standard deviation?
A) consult secondary sources
B) conduct a pilot study
C) estimate from the mean
D) estimate based on researcher judgment

Accepted Answer

Estimating the standard deviation from the mean is not a standard method mentioned for estimating standard deviation when it is unknown.

Question 6

Suppose a simple random sample of five hospitals is to be drawn from a population of 20 hospitals. There are 15,504 different samples of size 5 that can be drawn. The relative frequency distribution of the values of the mean of these 15,504 different samples would specify the of the mean.
A) confidence interval
B) sampling distribution
C) confidence level
D) normal distribution

Accepted Answer

The relative frequency distribution of the means of all possible samples of a given size from a population is known as the sampling distribution of the mean.

Question 7

is a method to adjust for nonresponse by assigning the characteristic of interest to the nonrespondents based on the similarity of the variables available for both nonrespondents and respondents.
A) Trend analysis
B) Imputation
C) Weighting
D) Subjective estimates

Accepted Answer

Imputation is a method used to adjust for nonresponse by assigning values to nonrespondents based on the characteristics of respondents with similar variables.

Question 8

When estimating a population parameter by using a sample statistic, the _ is the desired size of the estimating interval. This is the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter.
A) statistic
B) precision level
C) finite population correction
D) parameter

Accepted Answer

The precision level is the desired size of the estimating interval, and it is the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. The other options (A, C, and D) are not related to the definition of the precision level.

Question 9

The is a correction for overestimation of the variance of a population parameter, e.g., a mean or proportion, when the sample size is 10 percent or more of the population size.
A) statistic
B) precision level
C) finite population correction
D) parameter

Accepted Answer

The correction for overestimation of the variance of a population parameter due to a small sample size is known as the finite population correction, which is denoted by the symbol N/(N-1), where N is the population size. This correction is necessary when the sample size is relatively large compared to the population size, which is generally considered to be the case when the sample size is 10 percent or more of the population size. Therefore, the correct choice is C, finite population correction.

Question 10

The rate of occurrence of persons eligible to participate in the study expressed as a percentage is the .
A) incidence rate
B) initial sample size
C) completion rate
D) final sample size

Accepted Answer

The rate of occurrence of persons eligible to participate in the study expressed as a percentage is the incidence rate. The initial sample size is the number of participants included at the beginning of the study. The completion rate is the percentage of participants who completed the study, and the final sample size is the number of participants who completed the study.

Question 11

Which method of adjusting for nonresponse involves evaluating the likely effects of nonresponse based on experience and available information?
A) sub- sampling of nonrespondents
B) replacement
C) subjective estimates
D) substitution

Accepted Answer

Subjective estimates involve using experience and available information to evaluate the likely effects of nonresponse.

Question 12

The is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion.
A) variance
B) standardized variate
C) standard error
D) standard deviation

Accepted Answer

The standard error is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion.

Question 13

The mathematical symbols "n" and "p" represent a _ for the population and the sampling distribution respectively.
A) proportion
B) standard deviation
C) variance
D) standard error of the mean

Accepted Answer

The mathematical symbol "n" represents the sample size, while "p" represents the proportion of successes in the sample. The sampling distribution of the proportion is the distribution of all possible sample proportions that could be obtained from a given population.

Question 14

Which method of adjusting for nonresponse has the researcher contacting a sub- sample of the nonrespondents; projecting the values obtained from the sub- sample to all respondents; then adjusting the survey results to account for nonresponse?
A) substitution
B) sub- sampling of nonrespondents
C) replacement
D) subjective estimates

Accepted Answer

Sub-sampling of nonrespondents involves contacting a subset of the nonrespondents and using their responses to adjust the survey results, making it a method specifically designed to address nonresponse bias.

Question 15

Which survey method has the highest refusal rate?
A) mail surveys
B) Internet
C) mall intercept
D) telephone

Accepted Answer

Mail surveys have the highest refusal rate because they are often seen as impersonal and intrusive.

Question 16

Which method of improving response rate involves sending potential respondents a letter notifying them of the imminent mail, telephone, personal, or Internet survey?
A) motivating the respondents
B) follow- up
C) incentives
D) prior notification

Accepted Answer

Prior notification involves sending potential respondents a letter notifying them of the imminent mail, telephone, personal, or Internet survey. This can increase the response rate as it gives the respondent some advance notice and will also help to establish the legitimacy of the survey.

Question 17

Which method of improving response rate involves use of the foot- in- the- door or door- in- the- face technique?
A) motivating the respondents
B) follow- up
C) incentives
D) prior notification

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door technique involves getting a person to agree to a large request by first setting them up by having that person agree to a modest request. The door-in-the-face technique, on the other hand, involves making a large request that is expected to be refused so that the person will be more likely to agree to a smaller request later. Both techniques are psychological strategies used to motivate respondents to participate, making choice A correct.

Question 18

The number of units that will have to be sampled will be determined by the _ .
A) incidence rate
B) initial sample size
C) completion rate
D) final sample size

Accepted Answer

The answer of The number of units that will have...

Question 19

The is called the standard error of the mean or the proportion to indicate that it refers to a sampling distribution of the mean or the proportion, and not to a sample or a population.
A) standard deviation
B) standardized variate
C) coefficient of variation
D) variance

Accepted Answer

The standard error of the mean or proportion is a measure of the variability of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion, and is calculated as the standard deviation divided by the square root of the sample size. It is different from the standard deviation of the sample or the population. The other options are not appropriate as they do not specifically refer to a sampling distribution.

Question 20

In , cost does not enter directly into the calculation of sample size.
A) cluster sampling
B) simple random sampling
C) stratified sampling
D) A and C are correct

Accepted Answer

In simple random sampling, the sample size is determined by the desired level of precision and confidence, not directly by cost.

Quiz 12: Sampling: Final and Initial

Which statement is not true about not- at- homes?

Ethical dilemmas associated with sample size determination include all of the following except .

Which method of improving response rate involves sending potential respondents a postcard or letter to remind nonrespondents to complete and return the questionnaire?

The statistically determined sample size is the net or .

When determining the sample size, the standard deviation may not be known. Which of the following was not mentioned in your text as a way to estimate the standard deviation?

Suppose a simple random sample of five hospitals is to be drawn from a population of 20 hospitals. There are 15,504 different samples of size 5 that can be drawn. The relative frequency distribution of the values of the mean of these 15,504 different samples would specify the of the mean.

is a method to adjust for nonresponse by assigning the characteristic of interest to the nonrespondents based on the similarity of the variables available for both nonrespondents and respondents.

When estimating a population parameter by using a sample statistic, the _ is the desired size of the estimating interval. This is the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter.

The is a correction for overestimation of the variance of a population parameter, e.g., a mean or proportion, when the sample size is 10 percent or more of the population size.

The rate of occurrence of persons eligible to participate in the study expressed as a percentage is the .

Which method of adjusting for nonresponse involves evaluating the likely effects of nonresponse based on experience and available information?

The is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion.

The mathematical symbols "n" and "p" represent a _ for the population and the sampling distribution respectively.

Which method of adjusting for nonresponse has the researcher contacting a sub- sample of the nonrespondents; projecting the values obtained from the sub- sample to all respondents; then adjusting the survey results to account for nonresponse?

Which survey method has the highest refusal rate?

Which method of improving response rate involves sending potential respondents a letter notifying them of the imminent mail, telephone, personal, or Internet survey?

Which method of improving response rate involves use of the foot- in- the- door or door- in- the- face technique?

The number of units that will have to be sampled will be determined by the _ .

The is called the standard error of the mean or the proportion to indicate that it refers to a sampling distribution of the mean or the proportion, and not to a sample or a population.

In , cost does not enter directly into the calculation of sample size.