Question 1

The deltoid muscle is named according to:
A) orientation of muscle fascicles relative to the body's midline.
B) relative shape of the muscle.
C) relative size of the muscle.
D) location.

Accepted Answer

The deltoid muscle is named for its triangular shape, resembling the Greek letter delta (∆). This naming convention is based on the relative shape of the muscle.

Question 2

Which of the muscles of the pelvic floor constricts the anus, urethra, and vagina?
A) pubococcygeus
B) iliococcygeus
C) coccygeus
D) both pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus

Accepted Answer

The pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus muscles are part of the levator ani group, which helps constrict the anus, urethra, and vagina.

Question 3

Which of the following is/are TRUE? 
1) Synergists are muscles that oppose the agonist.
2) Agonists contract while the antagonists relax.
3) The biceps brachii and the triceps brachii are an antagonistic pair.
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3 only
C) 1, 2 only
D) 2 only

Accepted Answer

Synergists are actually muscles that assist the agonist, not oppose it, making statement 1 false. Statement 2 is true as agonists are the primary movers in a muscle action while antagonists relax to allow the movement. Statement 3 is also true; the biceps brachii and triceps brachii work as an antagonistic pair, with one contracting while the other relaxes during arm movements.

Question 4

Two muscles that insert on the angle and ramus of the mandible, and that elevate the mandible are: 
1) masseter
2) medial pterygoid
3) lateral pterygoid
4) temporalis
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 4
D) 1, 4

Accepted Answer

The masseter and medial pterygoid muscles both insert on the angle and ramus of the mandible and are involved in elevating the mandible.

Question 5

Regarding characteristics used to name muscles, which of the following is incorrectly matched?
A) rectus-parallel to midline
B) platys-circular
C) biceps-two origins
D) brevis-short

Accepted Answer

Platys refers to flat or broad, not circular. Circular muscles are typically referred to as orbicularis.

Question 6

Whereas superficial flexors in the anterior compartment of the forearm originate from the _____ epicondyle of the humerus, the superficial extensors in the posterior compartment of the forearm originate from the _____ epicondyle of the humerus.
A) lateral; medial
B) lateral; lateral
C) medial; lateral
D) medial; medial

Accepted Answer

The superficial flexors of the forearm originate from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, which is part of the common flexor tendon, while the superficial extensors originate from the lateral epicondyle, part of the common extensor tendon.

Question 7

The pectoralis minor muscle
A) inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus.
B) inserts on the acromion of the scapula.
C) may originate from ribs 3 to 5.
D) originates from the clavicle and sternum.

Accepted Answer

The pectoralis minor muscle originates from the anterior surfaces of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and their costal cartilages, and inserts into the medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula.

Question 8

Ordinarily, the insertion of a muscle: 
1) in a limb is proximal to the origin.
2) does not move when the muscle contracts.
3) is the movable point of attachment of a muscle.
4) attaches a muscle to a bone or skin.
A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 2, 4 only
C) 1, 3 only
D) 3, 4 only

Accepted Answer

The insertion of a muscle is the movable point of attachment and is where the muscle attaches to the bone or skin, making options 3 and 4 correct. The origin, not the insertion, is typically the fixed or less movable point, and in limbs, the origin is usually proximal while the insertion is distal.

Question 9

The diagastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid muscles have which of the following in common?
A) insertion on the body of the hyoid bone
B) origin on the body of the hyoid bone
C) depress the hyoid bone
D) elevate the tongue

Accepted Answer

All these muscles insert on the body of the hyoid bone, playing a role in elevating the hyoid during swallowing and speech.

Question 10

The strength of movement produced by a muscle depends upon how close to the joint it is attached. A muscle attached farther away will produce a more powerful movement than one attached nearer the joint.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
D) Statement 2 is true; statement 1 is false.

Accepted Answer

The strength of movement is influenced by the distance of muscle attachment from the joint; a muscle attached farther from the joint can exert more torque, resulting in a more powerful movement.

Question 11

Which muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus AND turns the forearm (pronates) so that the palm faces posteriorly?
A) pronator quadratus
B) pronator teres
C) anconeus
D) supinator

Accepted Answer

The pronator teres muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and is one of the primary muscles responsible for pronating the forearm, which involves turning the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly.

Question 12

The extrinsic muscles of the eyeball are innervated by:
A) oculomotor (III) nerves.
B) abducens (VI) nerves.
C) trochlear (IV) nerves.
D) all of these choices.

Accepted Answer

The extrinsic muscles of the eyeball are innervated by the oculomotor (III) nerve, the abducens (VI) nerve, and the trochlear (IV) nerve. The oculomotor nerve innervates most of the extrinsic muscles, the trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle, and the abducens nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle.

Question 13

Which of the following pairs of terms does not correctly match muscle with innervation?
A) subclavius; subclavian nerve
B) rhomboid major; dorsal scapular nerve
C) serratus anterior; long thoracic nerve
D) trapezius; median pectoral nerve

Accepted Answer

The trapezius muscle is innervated by the accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI), not the median pectoral nerve. The other pairs correctly match the muscle with its innervation.

Question 14

The central portion of the diaphragm is an aponeurosis that serves as the tendon of insertion for the diaphragm. The tendon is called:
A) linea alba.
B) central tendon.
C) intermediate tendon.
D) rectus sheath.

Accepted Answer

The central tendon is the correct term for the aponeurosis that serves as the tendon of insertion for the diaphragm. This structure is crucial for the diaphragm's function in respiration.

Question 15

Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely matched?
A) orbicularis oculi; shapes lips for speech
B) corrugator supercilii; surprise
C) platysma; pouting
D) zygomaticus major; frown

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following pairs of terms...

Question 16

The greater tubercle of the humerus is the point of insertion of which of the following muscles?
A) infraspinatus
B) deltoid
C) subscapularis
D) coracobrachialis

Accepted Answer

The infraspinatus muscle inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. This muscle is one of the four rotator cuff muscles and is involved in lateral rotation of the arm at the shoulder.

Question 17

The perineum consists of an anterior _____ triangle and a posterior _____ triangle.
A) anal; urogenital
B) urinary; genital
C) urogenital; anal
D) genital; urinary

Accepted Answer

The perineum is divided into two triangles: the anterior urogenital triangle and the posterior anal triangle.

Question 18

The following muscles all have attachments to ribs or their costal cartilages. Which of them are NOT used to produce the movements of normal breathing? 
1) external intercostals
2) internal intercostals
3) external obliques
4) internal obliques
5) diaphragm
A) 2, 3, 4
B) 3, 4
C) 1, 3, 5
D) 2, 4

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following muscles all have attachments to...

Question 19

The _____ muscle extends from the sternum to the thyroid cartilage and acts to depress the larynx.
A) sternothyroid
B) sternohyoid
C) omohyoid
D) thyrohyoid

Accepted Answer

The sternothyroid muscle extends from the sternum to the thyroid cartilage and acts to depress the larynx, making it the correct choice.

Question 20

Of the muscles that move the forearm, two have points of origin on the scapula. They are the biceps brachii and the:
A) brachialis
B) brachioradialis.
C) triceps brachii
D) anconeus.

Accepted Answer

The triceps brachii has its long head originating from the scapula, specifically the infraglenoid tubercle, while the biceps brachii originates from the scapula as well.

Quiz 11: The Muscular System

The deltoid muscle is named according to:

Which of the muscles of the pelvic floor constricts the anus, urethra, and vagina?

Which of the following is/are TRUE? 1) Synergists are muscles that oppose the agonist. 2) Agonists contract while the antagonists relax. 3) The biceps brachii and the triceps brachii are an antagonistic pair.

Two muscles that insert on the angle and ramus of the mandible, and that elevate the mandible are: 1) masseter 2) medial pterygoid 3) lateral pterygoid 4) temporalis

Regarding characteristics used to name muscles, which of the following is incorrectly matched?

Whereas superficial flexors in the anterior compartment of the forearm originate from the _ epicondyle of the humerus, the superficial extensors in the posterior compartment of the forearm originate from the _ epicondyle of the humerus.

The pectoralis minor muscle

Ordinarily, the insertion of a muscle: 1) in a limb is proximal to the origin. 2) does not move when the muscle contracts. 3) is the movable point of attachment of a muscle. 4) attaches a muscle to a bone or skin.

The diagastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid muscles have which of the following in common?

The strength of movement produced by a muscle depends upon how close to the joint it is attached. A muscle attached farther away will produce a more powerful movement than one attached nearer the joint.

Which muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus AND turns the forearm (pronates) so that the palm faces posteriorly?

The extrinsic muscles of the eyeball are innervated by:

Which of the following pairs of terms does not correctly match muscle with innervation?

The central portion of the diaphragm is an aponeurosis that serves as the tendon of insertion for the diaphragm. The tendon is called:

Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely matched?

The greater tubercle of the humerus is the point of insertion of which of the following muscles?

The perineum consists of an anterior _ triangle and a posterior _ triangle.

The following muscles all have attachments to ribs or their costal cartilages. Which of them are NOT used to produce the movements of normal breathing? 1) external intercostals 2) internal intercostals 3) external obliques 4) internal obliques 5) diaphragm

The _____ muscle extends from the sternum to the thyroid cartilage and acts to depress the larynx.

Of the muscles that move the forearm, two have points of origin on the scapula. They are the biceps brachii and the: