Question 1

Sarah has the nonpurging type of bulimia. Sonia has the restricting type of anorexia. Which of the following is likely?

Accepted Answer

Both Sarah and Sonia have a focus on controlling their weight and shape, which is a key characteristic of eating disorders. However, Sarah has bulimia which involves binge eating and compensatory behaviors such as purging, whereas Sonia has anorexia which involves restricted eating. Option A is not necessarily true for everyone with an eating disorder, as some may not recognize the severity of their behaviors. Option B is not accurate as fasting is a common behavior in anorexia as well. Option D cannot be determined based on the information given.

Question 2

Which woman is least likely to have an eating disorder?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that African American women have lower rates of eating disorders compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Therefore, Latisha, an African American, is least likely to have an eating disorder among the given options.

Question 3

Anorexia nervosa is defined by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is defined as a distorted self-perception of body image where individuals see themselves as overweight or unattractive, even if they are underweight. The other options refer to bulimia nervosa (A and D) and individuals with normal or slightly above normal weight (B) would not typically meet the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa.

Question 4

Which approach has been encouraging in helping with anorexia nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Family therapy, particularly the Maudsley approach, has shown promise in treating anorexia nervosa by involving family members in the recovery process.

Question 5

What is the paradox of eating disorders?

Accepted Answer

The paradox of eating disorders is that there is an increasing emphasis on thinness in the United States, even as the population is becoming heavier overall. This paradox has led to an increasing prevalence of eating disorders as individuals strive for an unattainable thin ideal, leading to unhealthy behaviors such as restrictive eating, bingeing, and purging. While anorexia may be more prevalent in countries where malnutrition is common, this is not a paradox but rather a reflection of the environmental and cultural factors that contribute to the development of eating disorders. The popularity of healthy clubs may also contribute to the paradox but does not explain the contradiction between the emphasis on thinness and the overall increase in weight in the United States. Finally, while male rates of obesity are increasing, this does not directly relate to the paradox of eating disorders.

Question 6

A twelve-year study by Sui and colleagues (2007) determined that being ____ is the critical factor for long life.

Accepted Answer

The study by Sui and colleagues (2007) found that fitness, rather than weight, is the critical factor for long life, suggesting that fitness can help prevent some obesity-related health problems.

Question 7

Anna worries that even touching a sandwich would cause her to gain weight. This behavior is most accurately described as ____.

Accepted Answer

This behavior is most accurately described as obsessive-compulsive, as it involves an irrational fear and compulsion related to weight gain.

Question 8

Nearly ____ percent of adolescent females and ____ percent of adolescent males report dieting to control their weight.

Accepted Answer

According to research, approximately 50% of adolescent females and 20% of adolescent males report dieting to control their weight.

Question 9

Kimberly is in a treatment program for eating disorders. She is more introverted than many of the other girls in the program and denies that she is hungry or has any psychological distress. Kimberly is most likely to be diagnosed with ____.

Accepted Answer

Kimberly's denial of hunger and psychological distress, along with her introverted nature, aligns with the characteristics of restricting anorexia, where individuals restrict food intake and often deny having a problem.

Question 10

Irene eats large quantities of high-calorie foods at least three times a week, typically when she is alone or nervous. After binging, she induces vomiting. She is constantly concerned about her appearance, although she is of normal weight. An appropriate diagnosis for Irene is ____.

Accepted Answer

Irene's pattern of binge eating followed by induced vomiting, along with her concern about appearance despite being of normal weight, aligns with the diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa.

Question 11

The person with bulimia nervosa is at risk of ____.

Accepted Answer

The person with bulimia nervosa is at risk of suicide. The repeated binge-eating and purging behavior, as well as the shame and guilt associated with the disorder, can contribute to feelings of hopelessness and depression, which may increase the risk of suicide. Loss of sleep and personality disorders may be present in individuals with bulimia nervosa, but they are not the primary risks associated with the disorder. Obesity is a potential consequence of binge eating, which is a symptom of bulimia nervosa, but not all individuals with the disorder are overweight or obese.

Question 12

Yoriko, a 17-year-old girl, is so fearful of gaining weight that she starves herself. She has missed five consecutive menstrual cycles. Although she correctly sees herself as having a skeletal figure, she does not think she has an eating disorder. Yoriko is diagnosed with anorexia. What is unusual about this case?

Accepted Answer

It is unusual for an anorexic to have an accurate body image. Most individuals with anorexia perceive themselves as overweight or obese despite being underweight. In Yoriko's case, she correctly sees herself as having a skeletal figure, which is uncommon for individuals with anorexia.

Question 13

Which of the following is most likely to result in eating problems?

Accepted Answer

Low self-esteem is most likely to result in eating problems, as it can lead to negative self-image and disordered eating behaviors. Media attention on healthy eating, autonomy, and self-determination can have positive effects on eating behaviors if approached in a healthy and balanced way.

Question 14

Which statement about anorexia nervosa is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with anorexia nervosa often have a distorted body image, leading them to perceive themselves as overweight even when they are underweight.

Question 15

Compared to anorexia nervosa, bulimia ____.

Accepted Answer

Bulimia is more prevalent than anorexia nervosa, affecting 1-2% of women compared to 0.5-1% for anorexia nervosa. Bulimia involves binge-eating and purging behaviors, whereas anorexia nervosa involves severe restriction of food intake. While bulimia may involve feelings of lack of self-control during binge-eating episodes, it is still largely rooted in body size concern and weight, which is why individuals often engage in purging behaviors to maintain a certain weight or body shape. The diagnosis of bulimia also requires meeting certain criteria beyond just appearance, and can involve psychological evaluations and assessments.

Question 16

Emily has the purging type of bulimia nervosa. She is likely to engage regularly in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with purging type of bulimia nervosa regularly engage in purging behaviors such as vomiting, using laxatives or diuretics. Although they may also fast, deny thinness and express fear of obesity, regular purging behaviors is a key characteristic of this subtype.

Question 17

There are two subgroups of anorexia. They are ____.

Accepted Answer

The two subgroups of anorexia are binge-eating/purging and restricting. These refer to the behaviors that individuals with anorexia engage in to maintain their low body weight. Binge-eating/purging involves episodes of consuming large amounts of food followed by purging through self-induced vomiting or using laxatives. Restricting involves severely limiting food intake and often avoiding certain types of food altogether.

Question 18

A psychologist is in an evaluation with a woman who has an eating disorder, restricting type. Which symptom would be typical of this subtype?

Accepted Answer

The restricting type of anorexia nervosa involves severe restriction of food intake, often accompanied by excessive exercise or other extreme weight loss behaviors. Self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives or taking diuretics are more commonly associated with the purging type of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

Question 19

It is not uncommon for individuals with anorexia nervosa to display _____ behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with anorexia nervosa often display obsessive-compulsive behaviors, such as an intense focus on food, dieting, and body image, which are characteristic of the disorder.

Question 20

"Yo-yo" dieting has been found to be related to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

"Yo-yo" dieting, also known as weight cycling, can have negative effects on immune functioning. It has been found to decrease natural killer cells, which play a critical role in defending against viruses and cancer cells, and can also increase inflammation in the body. This can lead to a weakened immune system and potentially increase the risk of illness and disease.

Quiz 9: Eating Disorders