Question 1

What is the outermost connective tissue covering of a nerve?
A)perineurium
B)endoneurium
C)epineurium
D)epimysium

Accepted Answer

The epineurium is located on the outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a nerve. The perineurium and endoneurium are inner layers of connective tissue within the nerve. The epimysium is a connective tissue covering for muscles, not nerves.

Question 2

What is the name of cranial nerve VIII?
A)trigeminal nerve
B)facial nerve
C)vestibulocochlear nerve
D)glossopharyngeal nerve

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve VIII is also known as the vestibulocochlear nerve, which is responsible for hearing and balance. Option A refers to cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve), which is responsible for facial sensations; Option B refers to cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), which is responsible for facial expressions and taste sensation; Option D refers to cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal nerve), which is responsible for taste sensation and swallowing.

Question 3

Loss of balance and equilibrium can indicate damage to the:
A)hypoglossal nerve (XII).
B)accessory nerve (XI).
C)trochlear nerve (IV).
D)vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII).

Accepted Answer

Loss of balance and equilibrium indicate damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII). This nerve is responsible for transmitting information about balance and spatial orientation from the inner ear to the brain. Damage to this nerve can result in vertigo, dizziness, and loss of balance.

Question 4

An inability to swallow indicates a problem with the:
A)accessory nerve (XI)or hypoglossal nerve (XII).
B)trigeminal nerve (V)or glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).
C)olfactory nerve (I).
D)trochlear nerve (IV)or abducens nerve (VI).

Accepted Answer

The ability to swallow is controlled by the trigeminal nerve (V) and the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX). If there is an inability to swallow, it suggests a problem with one or both of these nerves.

Question 5

Which cranial nerve detects smell?
A)olfactory nerve (I)
B)trochlear nerve (IV)
C)oculomotor nerve (III)
D)optic nerve (II)

Accepted Answer

The olfactory nerve (I) is the cranial nerve responsible for detecting smell.

Question 6

The vagus nerve is represented by Roman numeral:
A)X.
B)XII.
C)I.
D)V.

Accepted Answer

The vagus nerve is represented by the Roman numeral X.

Question 7

The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the:
A)somatic motor division.
B)visceral motor division (or autonomic nervous system,ANS).
C)visceral sensory division.
D)somatic sensory division.

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are both part of the visceral motor division (or autonomic nervous system, ANS) which controls involuntary bodily functions such as digestion, heart rate, and respiratory rate. The somatic motor division controls voluntary movements, and the visceral sensory division relays sensory information from organs to the central nervous system.

Question 8

What connective tissue sheath wraps the axon of a neuron?
A)endoneurium
B)fascicle
C)perineurium
D)epineurium

Accepted Answer

The endoneurium is a delicate connective tissue sheath that surrounds individual axons within a nerve.

Question 9

Ms.Parker has damage to the sensory root of the facial nerve (VII).Which of the following symptoms matches this information?
A)inability to smell
B)inability to taste
C)inability to swallow
D)inability to elevate the mandible

Accepted Answer

The sensory root of the facial nerve (VII) is responsible for taste sensations on the front two-thirds of the tongue. Therefore, an inability to taste correlates with damage to this nerve. The other options (inability to smell, inability to swallow, and inability to elevate the mandible) are affected by other nerves.

Question 10

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all of the following EXCEPT:
A)facial nerve (VII).
B)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).
C)trochlear nerve (IV).
D)trigeminal nerve (V).

Accepted Answer

The trochlear nerve (IV) does not have neural connections with the tongue. The rest of the listed cranial nerves (facial-VII, glossopharyngeal-IX, and trigeminal-V) have some neural connections with the tongue.

Question 11

The geniculate ganglion is one of several ganglia that house cell bodies of the sensory root of the:
A)facial nerve (VII).
B)trigeminal nerve (V).
C)vagus nerve (X).
D)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).

Accepted Answer

The geniculate ganglion contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons of the facial nerve (VII), which is involved in taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and cutaneous sensations from the external ear.

Question 12

Which division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)detects stimuli and carries them to the central nervous system (CNS)?
A)autonomic
B)motor
C)sympathetic
D)sensory

Accepted Answer

The sensory division of the PNS detects stimuli from sensory receptors located throughout the body and carries that information to the CNS for processing. The other options (autonomic, motor, and sympathetic) are all involved in different aspects of motor function and regulation rather than sensory detection.

Question 13

You feel a mosquito land on your arm.This stimulus is carried to the central nervous system (CNS)by the:
A)visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system).
B)visceral sensory division.
C)somatic sensory division.
D)somatic motor division.

Accepted Answer

The somatic sensory division carries sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints to the CNS. Therefore, the sensation of the mosquito landing on the arm would be carried by the somatic sensory division. The other options do not pertain to this specific type of sensory information.

Question 14

Which cranial nerve is generally thought of as a mixed nerve?
A)accessory nerve (XI)
B)vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
C)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
D)hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Accepted Answer

The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) is considered a mixed nerve because it has both sensory and motor functions, including taste, salivation, and swallowing.

Question 15

Bundles of axons within a nerve are known as:
A)the perineurium.
B)the endoneurium.
C)dendrites.
D)fascicles.

Accepted Answer

Bundles of axons within a nerve are known as fascicles. The perineurium is a connective tissue that surrounds each fascicle, and the endoneurium is a connective tissue that surrounds each individual axon. Dendrites are typically short, branched extensions of neurons that receive signals from other neurons.

Question 16

Mixed nerves house:
A)motor neurons only.
B)somatic neurons only.
C)both sensory and motor neurons.
D)sensory neurons only.

Accepted Answer

Mixed nerves contain both sensory and motor neurons.

Question 17

What specific spinal nerve branch controls the movement of rectus abdominis,a skeletal muscle on the anterior surface of the body?
A)posterior root
B)posterior (dorsal)root ganglion
C)anterior ramus
D)posterior ramus

Accepted Answer

The anterior ramus of the spinal nerve is responsible for supplying motor and sensory innervation to the anterior and lateral portions of the body wall, including the rectus abdominis muscle.

Question 18

Which of the following houses motor neurons?
A)anterior root of spinal nerve
B)central canal of the spinal cord
C)posterior root of spinal nerve
D)posterior root ganglion

Accepted Answer

The anterior root of a spinal nerve houses motor neurons. These neurons carry impulses away from the spinal cord to muscles or glands, causing them to either contract (in the case of muscles) or secrete (in the case of glands). The posterior root of a spinal nerve contains sensory neurons, which carry impulses from sensory receptors in the body to the spinal cord. The central canal of the spinal cord is a narrow channel filled with cerebrospinal fluid, and does not house neurons. The posterior root ganglion houses cell bodies of sensory neurons, but not motor neurons.

Question 19

Where is the motor response initiated?
A)lower motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
B)motor areas of the brain
C)spinal nerves
D)cranial nerves

Accepted Answer

The motor response is initiated in the motor areas of the brain, specifically in the precentral gyrus (also known as the primary motor cortex) and supplementary motor area. These motor areas send signals to lower motor neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), including spinal nerves and cranial nerves, which then activate muscles and initiate movement.

Question 20

Which cranial nerve is NOT involved in eye movement?
A)vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
B)abducens nerve (VI)
C)trochlear nerve (IV)
D)oculomotor nerve (III)

Accepted Answer

The vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) is responsible for hearing and balance, and is not involved in eye movement. The other three choices, abducens (VI), trochlear (IV), and oculomotor (III) nerves are all involved in controlling eye movements.

Quiz 13: The Peripheral Nervous System

What is the outermost connective tissue covering of a nerve?

What is the name of cranial nerve VIII?

Loss of balance and equilibrium can indicate damage to the:

An inability to swallow indicates a problem with the:

Which cranial nerve detects smell?

The vagus nerve is represented by Roman numeral:

The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the:

What connective tissue sheath wraps the axon of a neuron?

Ms.Parker has damage to the sensory root of the facial nerve (VII) .Which of the following symptoms matches this information?

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all of the following EXCEPT:

The geniculate ganglion is one of several ganglia that house cell bodies of the sensory root of the:

Which division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) detects stimuli and carries them to the central nervous system (CNS) ?

You feel a mosquito land on your arm.This stimulus is carried to the central nervous system (CNS) by the:

Which cranial nerve is generally thought of as a mixed nerve?

Bundles of axons within a nerve are known as:

Mixed nerves house:

What specific spinal nerve branch controls the movement of rectus abdominis,a skeletal muscle on the anterior surface of the body?

Which of the following houses motor neurons?

Where is the motor response initiated?

Which cranial nerve is NOT involved in eye movement?