________ is a set of management attitudes based on the view that people dislike work and must be coerced to perform.

Question

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Theory X is based on the assumption that employees dislike work and need to be closely supervised and coerced into performing adequately. It suggests that without strict control and guidance, employees will avoid work and try to shirk responsibility. This theory is often associated with an authoritarian management style and has been criticized for its negative view of human nature and limited effectiveness in modern workplaces.

________ Is a Set of Management Attitudes Based on the View