Question 1

The infection of the mouth and tongue called oral candidiasis is also known as:

Accepted Answer

Oral candidiasis is commonly referred to as thrush.

Question 2

The name for the disease with edema in the semicircular canals causing hearing loss, ringing in the ears, and vertigo is:

Accepted Answer

Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes hearing loss, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and vertigo. The disease is believed to be caused by an excess buildup of fluid, or edema, in the semicircular canals of the inner ear. It is named after the French physician Prosper Meniere, who first described the condition in 1861. Choices A, B, and D are not associated with this particular condition.

Question 3

Which condition would produce an abnormal brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER)?

Accepted Answer

An acoustic neuroma is a tumor that grows on the vestibular nerve, which can affect the nerve's ability to transmit sound information from the inner ear to the brainstem. This can result in an abnormal BAER. Otosclerosis, cleft lip, and vertigo are not typically associated with abnormalities in BAER.

Question 4

The patient had removal of the bony prominence just behind his external ear.This procedure is a:

Accepted Answer

The bony prominence just behind the external ear is the mastoid process, and the surgery to remove it is called a mastoidectomy. A turbinectomy is the removal of nasal turbinates, a stapedectomy is the removal of the stapes bone in the middle ear, and an ethmoidectomy is the removal of the ethmoid bone in the nasal cavity.

Question 5

Epistaxis is the medical word for:

Accepted Answer

Epistaxis refers to a nosebleed.

Question 6

Which is a structure in the middle ear that can be partially visualized during otoscopy?

Accepted Answer

The malleus, also known as the hammer, is a small bone in the middle ear that is easily visible during otoscopy. The other structures listed (cochlea, stapes, vestibule) are located deeper within the ear and cannot be visualized during otoscopy.

Question 7

Rinne and Weber are:

Accepted Answer

Rinne and Weber are both tests to assess hearing ability.

Question 8

John is a 6-year-old boy with chronic serous otitis media.Treatment for his condition would be:

Accepted Answer

Chronic serous otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear that results in the accumulation of fluid behind the eardrum, causing hearing loss. The recommended treatment for this condition is tympanostomy with tube insertion, which involves making a small incision in the eardrum to allow fluid to drain and inserting a tiny tube to help ventilate the ear and prevent fluid buildup. Otoplasty is a cosmetic ear surgery that is not relevant to the treatment of chronic serous otitis media. Mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove infected mastoid bone behind the ear, which is not necessary for this condition. Cheiloplasty is a surgery to correct a defect in the lip, which is also not relevant to the treatment of chronic serous otitis media.

Question 9

Rhinophyma is:

Accepted Answer

Rhinophyma is a skin condition characterized by redness and hypertrophy (enlargement) of the nose, often resulting in a bulbous, bumpy appearance.

Question 10

Glue ear, a thick accumulation of secretions, is associated with:

Accepted Answer

Glue ear, also known as otitis media with effusion, is a buildup of thick secretions in the middle ear. It is not associated with cerumen impaction (A) or otitis externa (C), which involve the outer ear canal. Labyrinthitis (B) is inflammation of the inner ear, and although it can cause hearing loss, it is not typically associated with glue ear.

Question 11

Hearing loss associated with old age is known as:

Accepted Answer

Presbycusis is the age-related hearing loss that occurs gradually as a person ages.

Question 12

TMJ syndrome includes pain, clicking, and muscle spasm in the area of the:

Accepted Answer

TMJ syndrome refers to dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, which connects the lower jaw to the skull. Symptoms can include pain, clicking or popping sounds, and muscle spasm in the area around the joint. The tongue, back of the throat, and external ear are not typically affected by TMJ syndrome.

Question 13

Which is the fleshy tissue in the back of the oral cavity that hangs from the soft palate?

Accepted Answer

The fleshy tissue in the back of the oral cavity that hangs from the soft palate is called the uvula. Option A is incorrect as the tragus is a small pointed eminence of the external ear. Option C is incorrect as the Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nasal cavity. Option D is incorrect as the auricle is the external part of the ear.

Question 14

Which drugs are used to suppress the cough center in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Dextromethorphan is a common ingredient in cough suppressants and works by suppressing the cough center in the brain. Beclomethasone is a steroid used to treat inflammation in the airways, loratadine is an antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms, and nystatin is an antifungal medication.

Question 15

Kate was unhappy about her protruding ears, so she elected to have an otoplasty performed on her:

Accepted Answer

Otoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to correct protruding or aesthetically displeasing ears. The term "otoplasty" comes from the Greek word "otoplastikos," which means "to reshape the ear." The outer part of the ear, known as the pinna or auricle, is typically the focus of the surgery.

Question 16

A stapedectomy would be performed for which condition?

Accepted Answer

A stapedectomy is a surgical procedure done to correct hearing loss caused by otosclerosis, which is the abnormal growth of bone near the middle ear.

Question 17

Anakusis is:

Accepted Answer

Anakusis refers specifically to deafness or loss of hearing, making option C the correct choice. Lack of sense of smell is called anosmia, having no voice is called aphonia, and inability to swallow is called dysphagia.

Question 18

Patients with allergic rhinitis can find relief by using all of the following drugs except:

Accepted Answer

Meclizine is an antihistamine commonly used to treat motion sickness and vertigo, but it is not typically used for allergic rhinitis. The other three drugs listed - ceterizine, diphenhydramine, and fexofenadine - are all commonly used for allergic rhinitis and can provide relief.

Question 19

The word buccal means pertaining to the:

Accepted Answer

Buccal means pertaining to the cheek.

Question 20

An example of a URI is:

Accepted Answer

URI stands for Upper Respiratory Infection, which is a broad term encompassing various infections affecting the upper respiratory tract, including the common cold. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it is the only choice related to a URI. Choices A, B, and C are all related to specific health conditions but do not fall under the category of URI.

Quiz 16: Otolaryngology - Ears, Nose, and Throat