Question 1

Which of the following phase changes of water is INCORRECTLY matched?
A)Melting energy absorbed
B)Evaporation energy released
C)Deposition energy released
D)Sublimation energy absorbed

Accepted Answer

Evaporation is a phase change from liquid to gas and requires energy to be absorbed in order to occur. Therefore, it is incorrectly matched with "energy released."

Question 2

What is the heat energy involved in the change of state,or phase,in water?
A)Latent heat
B)Fusion heat
C)Mechanical heat
D)Sensible heat

Accepted Answer

The heat energy involved in the change of state, or phase, in water is called latent heat. This is because the temperature of the water does not change during the process of melting or boiling; instead, the heat energy is used to break the bonds between the water molecules in order to change the state of the water from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas.

Question 3

The latent heat of melting and the latent heat of freezing involve the absorption or release of______calories per gram of water changing state.
A)100
B)540
C)80
D)585

Accepted Answer

The latent heat of melting (fusion) and freezing for water is 80 calories per gram.

Question 4

The hydrogen bonding in water creates______ ,a cohesive force that enables one to slightly overfill a glass with water or allows denser objects,such as a lengthwise steel needle,to float on water.
A)capillary action
B)friction
C)surface tension
D)heat exchange

Accepted Answer

The cohesive force created by hydrogen bonding in water is surface tension, which enables objects to float and allows water to slightly overfill a glass. Capillary action is a different phenomenon that involves the movement of water within narrow spaces due to adhesive forces between water and the material surrounding it. Friction and heat exchange are not related to the described phenomenon.

Question 5

Surface tension and capillarity are the result of
A)molecular hold.
B)hydrogen bonding.
C)magnetic bonding.
D)gravitational attraction.

Accepted Answer

Both surface tension and capillarity are the result of strong hydrogen bonding between the molecules within a liquid. This attraction creates a cohesive force that allows a liquid to resist external forces and maintain its shape, as well as an adhesive force that causes the liquid to stick to other surfaces, like the walls of a narrow tube in the case of capillarity.

Question 6

Water movement through the soil and water held in a cylindrical tube result from a common phenomenon.What is this phenomenon?
A)Vacuum suction
B)Capillary action
C)Barometric pressure
D)Surface tension

Accepted Answer

Capillary action is the phenomenon in which liquids rise in narrow spaces without the assistance of external forces like gravity. It occurs due to the combination of adhesive forces, which attract the liquid molecules to the solid surface, and cohesive forces, which attract the liquid molecules to each other. This phenomenon is responsible for the movement of water through the soil and the rise of water in a cylindrical tube, as both involve narrow spaces and the attractive forces between the soil/tube and water molecules.

Question 7

As water cools from room temperature to 4°C (39°F),it ______and its density______ .
A)contracts; decreases.
B)expands; decreases
C)contracts; increases
D)expands; increases

Accepted Answer

As water cools to 4°C, it contracts and its density increases, reaching maximum density at this temperature.

Question 8

Hydrogen bonding results from the fact that
A)nuclear fusion occurs between the ends of water molecules.
B)the hydrogen end of a water molecule is positively charged and the oxygen end is negatively charged.
C)there is no electrical charge on a water molecule.
D)the oxygen end of a water molecule is positively charged and the hydrogen end is negatively charged.
E)water molecules experience a strong gravitational attraction to one another.

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding occurs as a result of the polar nature of water molecules. The oxygen end of the molecule is negatively charged while the hydrogen end is positively charged, resulting in attractive forces between adjacent water molecules.

Question 9

The movement of water throughout the atmosphere,hydrosphere,lithosphere,and biosphere is known as the
A)capillary movement.
B)hydroflux.
C)biogeochemical cycle.
D)hydrologic cycle.

Accepted Answer

The movement of water throughout the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere is known as the hydrologic cycle or water cycle. It involves the continuous circulation of water between the Earth's surface, atmosphere, and underground. Water evaporates from bodies of water, forms clouds, falls to the surface as precipitation, and then runs off or infiltrates into the ground. The hydrologic cycle is essential for maintaining the Earth's climate and ecosystems.

Question 10

The phase changes water and other substances undergo are based on
A)diabatic forces acting on the molecules.
B)nuclear fusion processes between atoms of a substance.
C)the amount of motion of molecules and the strength of the bonds between them.
D)nuclear fission processes between atoms of a substance.
E)gravitational energy stored within the electron orbitals of atoms.

Accepted Answer

The phase changes of water and other substances are based on the amount of motion of their molecules and the strength of the bonds between them. When molecules gain enough energy, they can break their bonds and change from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas. When molecules lose energy, their bonds are strengthened and they transition from gas to liquid or from liquid to solid. This process is known as a phase change. Diabatic forces, nuclear fusion/fission processes, and gravitational energy stored within electron orbitals do not play a significant role in these phase changes.

Question 11

The term deposition refers to
A)water vapor freezing to ice.
B)ice melting to water.
C)vapor condensing into liquid.
D)water freezing to ice.

Accepted Answer

Deposition is the process where water vapor changes directly into ice without becoming liquid first.

Question 12

The scientific study of the short-term condition of the atmosphere is
A)climate.
B)geography.
C)meteorology.
D)weather.

Accepted Answer

Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting.

Question 13

When water freezes,its volume
A)remains the same as in the liquid state.
B)decreases.
C)increases.

Accepted Answer

When water freezes, it expands due to the formation of a crystalline structure, which increases its volume.

Question 14

When water freezes,its density
A)decreases.
B)increases.
C)remains the same as in the liquid state.

Accepted Answer

When water freezes, it expands and its density decreases because the molecules form a crystalline structure that takes up more space.

Question 15

Weather is
A)the climate of a region.
B)the long-term atmospheric condition,including extremes that may occur.
C)the short-term condition of the atmosphere.
D)a reference to temperature patterns only.

Accepted Answer

Weather refers to the short-term condition of the atmosphere, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind patterns. Climate, on the other hand, refers to the long-term atmospheric condition, including extremes that may occur. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the evaporation of water?
A)The phase change involves the latent heat of condensation.
B)The phase change involves the latent heat of evaporation.
C)The phase change involves the latent heat of deposition.
D)The phase change involves the latent heat of sublimation.

Accepted Answer

Evaporation is a phase change from a liquid to a gas and requires the input of energy (heat) to break the bonds between the liquid molecules. The energy used to break these bonds is known as the latent heat of evaporation.

Question 17

Below a temperature of 4°C (39°F),water______ and its density ______.
A)contracts; increases
B)contracts; decreases
C)expands; decreases
D)expands; increases

Accepted Answer

Below 4°C, water expands as it cools further, causing its density to decrease. This is due to the formation of a more open hexagonal structure in ice.

Question 18

Which of the following phase changes of water is INCORRECTLY matched?
A)Vaporization: solid to gas
B)Melting: solid to liquid
C)Condensation: gas to liquid
D)Deposition: gas to solid

Accepted Answer

Vaporization is the phase change from liquid to gas, not from solid to gas. The correct term for solid to gas is sublimation.

Question 19

The density of pure ice is
A)greater than that of water.
B)the same as water.
C)less than that of water.
D)highly variable.

Accepted Answer

The density of ice is about 0.92 g/cm3, while the density of water is about 1 g/cm3. Therefore, the density of pure ice is less than that of water.

Question 20

Out of all the water present in the Earth systems,______is stored in the atmosphere.
A)approximately 2%
B)less than 0.03%
C)a variable amount,but averaging 50%
D)15%

Accepted Answer

The amount of water stored in the atmosphere is very small, approximately less than 0.03%.  Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.

Quiz 5: Waterʹs Unique Properties

Which of the following phase changes of water is INCORRECTLY matched?

What is the heat energy involved in the change of state,or phase,in water?

The latent heat of melting and the latent heat of freezing involve the absorption or release of______calories per gram of water changing state.

The hydrogen bonding in water creates______ ,a cohesive force that enables one to slightly overfill a glass with water or allows denser objects,such as a lengthwise steel needle,to float on water.

Surface tension and capillarity are the result of

Water movement through the soil and water held in a cylindrical tube result from a common phenomenon.What is this phenomenon?

As water cools from room temperature to 4°C (39°F) ,it and its density .

Hydrogen bonding results from the fact that

The movement of water throughout the atmosphere,hydrosphere,lithosphere,and biosphere is known as the

The phase changes water and other substances undergo are based on

The term deposition refers to

The scientific study of the short-term condition of the atmosphere is

When water freezes,its volume

When water freezes,its density

Weather is

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the evaporation of water?

Below a temperature of 4°C (39°F) ,water and its density .

Which of the following phase changes of water is INCORRECTLY matched?

The density of pure ice is

Out of all the water present in the Earth systems,______is stored in the atmosphere.

Quiz 5: Waterʹs Unique Properties

Which of the following phase changes of water is INCORRECTLY matched?

What is the heat energy involved in the change of state,or phase,in water?

The latent heat of melting and the latent heat of freezing involve the absorption or release of______calories per gram of water changing state.

The hydrogen bonding in water creates______ ,a cohesive force that enables one to slightly overfill a glass with water or allows denser objects,such as a lengthwise steel needle,to float on water.

Surface tension and capillarity are the result of

Water movement through the soil and water held in a cylindrical tube result from a common phenomenon.What is this phenomenon?

As water cools from room temperature to 4°C (39°F) ,it ______and its density______ .

Hydrogen bonding results from the fact that

The movement of water throughout the atmosphere,hydrosphere,lithosphere,and biosphere is known as the

The phase changes water and other substances undergo are based on

The term deposition refers to

The scientific study of the short-term condition of the atmosphere is

When water freezes,its volume

When water freezes,its density

Weather is

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the evaporation of water?

Below a temperature of 4°C (39°F) ,water______ and its density ______.

Which of the following phase changes of water is INCORRECTLY matched?

The density of pure ice is

Out of all the water present in the Earth systems,______is stored in the atmosphere.

As water cools from room temperature to 4°C (39°F) ,it and its density .

Below a temperature of 4°C (39°F) ,water and its density .