Question 1

What did Simon LeVay find when he examined the area of the hypothalamus called INAH3?

Accepted Answer

Simon LeVay found that the area of the hypothalamus called INAH3 is larger in heterosexual men than in homosexual men.

Question 2

Suppose you have a choice between setting firm (no-exceptions)deadlines to finish part of your work each month,or a deadline to finish all of it at the end of the semester.What are the probable consequences of either choice?

Accepted Answer

Setting monthly deadlines provides structure and accountability, which can increase motivation and productivity. It also allows for the opportunity to review and adjust goals throughout the semester. In contrast, waiting until the end of the semester to finish all of the work may lead to procrastination and lower quality work due to time constraints. Additionally, if the work is spread out over the semester, it is easier to balance with other responsibilities and prevent feeling overwhelmed.

Question 3

Which of the following is apparently true,according to the best available evidence,concerning male homosexuality in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The best available evidence suggests that genetic factors play a role in determining sexual orientation, with some men being predisposed toward a homosexual orientation. This is supported by studies of twins and other family members, as well as genetic research. B is incorrect as it is a commonly discredited theory. C is incorrect as studies have found some differences in brain structure and activity between heterosexual and homosexual men. D is incorrect as recent studies suggest that the percentage of men who identify as homosexual may be closer to 3-5%.

Question 4

Which of the following is apparently one of the important determinants of whether someone develops a homosexual or heterosexual orientation?

Accepted Answer

While the exact cause of sexual orientation is still unknown, research suggests that genetics plays a significant role. Studies have found that sexual orientation tends to run in families, with a higher likelihood of homosexuality in individuals who have homosexual relatives. Additionally, twins studies have found higher rates of concordance for sexual orientation among identical twins compared to fraternal twins, suggesting a genetic component. Other factors, such as hormonal influences during fetal development, may also play a role, but genetics appear to be a strong determinant.

Question 5

In one study,a professor gave firm deadlines to one section of his course and let students in his other section choose their own deadlines.What were the results?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In one study,a professor gave firm deadlines...

Question 6

A professor let members of one class set their own deadlines for submitting three papers in a three-month course.On the average,which students wrote the best papers?

Accepted Answer

Students who spaced out their work by setting deadlines after the first, second, and third months likely managed their time more effectively, allowing for better research, writing, and revision processes. This approach helps in avoiding procrastination and the stress of last-minute work, leading to higher quality papers.

Question 7

Juan has received As and Bs in his first three semesters of college.Which of the following goals would be most effective in helping him to get straight As this semester?

Accepted Answer

Setting a high goal of getting straight As is most effective because it provides clear motivation and direction for Juan to strive towards. By having a specific, challenging goal, he is more likely to put in the necessary effort and make any necessary changes to his study habits or approach. Publicly announcing a lower goal or setting a low goal would not provide the same level of motivation or challenge for Juan. Simply vowing to do his best without a specific goal may not provide enough direction for Juan to focus his efforts.

Question 8

A portion of the anterior hypothalamus known as INAH3 is generally larger in males than it is in females,and is known to be necessary for the display of male-typical sexual behavior.Researcher Simon LeVay found that in homosexual men INAH3

Accepted Answer

LeVay's research found that INAH3 in homosexual men is about the same size as in women and is smaller than in heterosexual men.

Question 9

Researcher Simon LeVay found differences between adult male homosexuals and adult male heterosexuals in

Accepted Answer

LeVay found differences in the size of a region in the hypothalamus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) between adult male homosexuals and adult male heterosexuals. He did not find differences in testosterone levels, family background, or early childhood experiences.

Question 10

A man who has a homosexual orientation is most likely to have a brother who is also homosexual if that brother is

Accepted Answer

Several studies have demonstrated that homosexual orientation may have a genetic component, and monozygotic twins (who share 100% of their genes) are more likely to both have a homosexual orientation compared to dizygotic twins (who share only 50% of their genes). Age and adoption have not been consistently linked to increased likelihood of a shared homosexual orientation between brothers.

Question 11

According to research by Simon LeVay,men with a homosexual orientation differ from men with a heterosexual orientation with regard to

Accepted Answer

According to research by Simon LeVay, men with a homosexual orientation have a smaller nucleus in their hypothalamus called the INAH3 compared to men with a heterosexual orientation. Other research suggests that hormonal factors during fetal development may contribute to these differences. There is no evidence to support choices A, B, or C.

Question 12

One professor assigned three papers in his class.Then,she let students decide between firm deadlines spread out or having the flexibility to turn in the papers at any time during the semester.What were the results,on the average?

Accepted Answer

Those who set rigid, spread-out deadlines for themselves generally performed better. This is because structured deadlines help in managing time more effectively, preventing procrastination, and ensuring that work is completed in a timely manner.

Question 13

In one study,students had the opportunity to set their own deadlines for papers.According to the results,the best advice is to

Accepted Answer

Setting firm deadlines that distribute the workload evenly throughout the semester helps in managing time effectively, avoiding procrastination, and ensuring consistent progress.

Question 14

Research by Simon LeVay suggests that sexual orientation in men may be related to the size of part of the

Accepted Answer

Simon LeVay's research found that a specific region of the anterior hypothalamus was significantly smaller in gay men compared to heterosexual men.

Question 15

Homosexual men

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that homosexuality tends to have a familial pattern, suggesting a genetic or hereditary component. Homosexual men are indeed more likely than heterosexual men to have male relatives who are also homosexual, indicating a possible genetic influence on sexual orientation.

Question 16

In what aspect have researchers found male homosexuals' brains to be more similar to those of females than to those of male heterosexuals?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the structure of the hypothalamus in male homosexuals is more similar to that found in females than in heterosexual males, indicating a potential neurobiological basis for sexual orientation.

Question 17

One way in which homosexual and heterosexual men differ biologically,on the average,is that (according to one study)

Accepted Answer

According to one study, the hypothalamus structure INAH3 is larger in heterosexual men than gay men. No significant differences have been found in hormone levels between heterosexual and homosexual men.

Question 18

Research by Simon LeVay demonstrated that,on the average,homosexual and heterosexual men differ in

Accepted Answer

Simon LeVay's research found that homosexual men had a smaller hypothalamus structure called the "interstitial nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus 3" (INAH3) compared to heterosexual men, suggesting a possible neuroanatomical basis for sexual orientation. This research has been replicated by other studies as well. The other options (A, B, and C) are not supported by LeVay's research or are unrelated to sexual orientation.

Question 19

What evidence supports the belief that sexual orientation depends partly on genetic differences?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that monozygotic twins, who share 100% of their genes, are more likely to have the same sexual orientation than dizygotic twins who share only about 50% of their genes. This provides evidence that genetic factors play a role in sexual orientation. While there have been studies exploring the possibility of genetic links to sexual orientation, no single "gay gene" or set of genes has been found to solely determine a person's sexual orientation.

Question 20

Students in one section of a class were assigned deadlines for their paper assignments,while students in the other section were allowed to set their own deadlines (but then had to meet those deadlines).The results of this study indicated that

Accepted Answer

The study indicates that students with assigned deadlines received higher grades for their papers than students who chose the last day of class as their own deadline. Therefore, option C is correct. Option A is not correct because it contradicts the findings of the study. Option B is not correct because it suggests that students who chose the last day of class for all three papers received the highest grades, which is not supported by the study. Option D is also not correct because the study clearly found an effect of deadlines on performance.

Quiz 11: Motivated Behaviors