Question 1

Wilson and Kelling argued that signs of disorder-such as a _____-send a signal to potential criminals that neighborhood residents do not care.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wilson and Kelling argued that signs of...

Question 2

Some people,called the _____,live in a continuing cycle of concentrated disadvantage characterized by extreme poverty,housing segregation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some people,called the _____,live in a continuing...

Question 3

_____ anomie theory argues that crime in the United States results from several key cultural values,including achievement,individualism,and the fetishism of money.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ anomie theory argues that crime in...

Question 4

Anderson documented a code of the _____ among young urban African-Americans that arises from despair and alienation and that helps explain their interpersonal violence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anderson documented a code of the _____...

Question 5

Durkheim felt that anomie,or _____,results when people's aspirations become uncontrolled and unfulfilled.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Durkheim felt that anomie,or _____,results when people's...

Question 6

What do we call people who live in a continuing cycle of concentrated disadvantage characterized by extreme poverty,housing segregation,and racial and ethnic discrimination?

Accepted Answer

The term "underclass" refers to people who live in a continuing cycle of concentrated disadvantage characterized by extreme poverty, housing segregation, and racial and ethnic discrimination. The other choices (A, C, and D) do not accurately describe this group of people.

Question 7

Shaw and McKay studied delinquency rates in the city of _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Shaw and McKay studied delinquency rates in...

Question 8

Studies find that the poverty resulting from women's low-paying jobs and increasing divorce rates plays a very important role in female offending,most of which involves petty property crime.This supports _____.

Accepted Answer

The economic marginality hypothesis suggests that poverty and low-paying jobs contribute to crime, which is supported by the finding that poverty resulting from women's low-paying jobs is linked to female offending.

Question 9

Some scholars say that a _____ of violence,involving a physical response to insults and other interpersonal problems,characterizes urban neighborhoods.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some scholars say that a _____ of...

Question 10

Who argued that signs of disorder-such as a broken window-send a signal to potential criminals that neighborhood residents do not care about what happens in their surroundings,making crime more likely?

Accepted Answer

This theory is known as the broken windows theory and was proposed by Wilson and Kelling in 1982. They argued that visible signs of disorder and neglect (such as broken windows or graffiti) can create an environment that invites crime by signaling to potential offenders that no one cares about the area. This theory has been controversial, but it has also influenced policing strategies in many cities.

Question 11

When traditional norms become less applicable to new circumstances,normlessness or _____ sets in.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When traditional norms become less applicable to...

Question 12

The focal concern in the lower-class subculture that stresses outwitting others and to avoid being outwitted oneself is called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The focal concern in the lower-class subculture...

Question 13

One reason the poor become angry and frustrated might be their realization that other people in society have more money.This realization leads them to experience _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One reason the poor become angry and...

Question 14

Which of the following best reflects the concept of relative deprivation?

Accepted Answer

Relative deprivation refers to the distress felt by individuals or groups who perceive themselves to be unfairly disadvantaged in comparison to others. Choice C best reflects this concept as it suggests that the frustration felt by the poor could be due to their realization that others in society have more money, leading to a sense of relative deprivation. The other choices do not accurately reflect the concept of relative deprivation. Choice A refers to the causes of poverty, not the experience of relative deprivation, while Choice B presents an unsupported theory about criminal behavior. Choice D refers to depravity, not deprivation, and does not relate to the concept at hand.

Question 15

Structural theories help explain why some women are more likely than other women to _____.However,they do not help explain why female crime rates are lower than male crime rates.

Accepted Answer

Structural theories, such as strain theory or social disorganization theory, suggest that certain social and economic conditions (such as poverty, limited opportunities, and disorganized communities) may influence individuals to engage in criminal behavior. This can help explain why some women, who may face these conditions, are more likely than other women to commit crime. However, these theories do not address the underlying reasons for the gender disparity in crime rates.

Question 16

_______ is when people continue to accept the goal of economic success,but reject the means of working and undertake new means to achieve success.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is when people continue to accept...

Question 17

The adaptation _____ occurs when people reject the goal of economic success,but continue to accept the means of working.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The adaptation _____ occurs when people reject...

Question 18

Many criminologists highlight the role played by social _____ or,social environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many criminologists highlight the role played by...

Question 19

Two structural conditions,anomie and low social _____,contribute to higher suicide rates.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two structural conditions,anomie and low social _____,contribute...

Question 20

Having not been raised with middle-class values,lower-class boys do poorly in school and experience status _____,or strain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Having not been raised with middle-class values,lower-class...

Quiz 7: Sociological Theories: Emphasis on Social Structure