Question 1

Which of the following is quantized?

Accepted Answer

The number of marbles in a bag is quantized because it can only take on discrete values (e.g. 1, 2, 3, etc.), rather than continuous values like the trajectory of a baseball or the speed of a race car.

Question 2

The Fraunhofer lines are evidence that _______.

Accepted Answer

The Fraunhofer lines are dark lines in the solar spectrum caused by the absorption of specific wavelengths of light by atoms in the solar atmosphere, indicating that atoms absorb light.

Question 3

As the frequency of electromagnetic radiation decreases, which statement below is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

As the frequency of electromagnetic radiation decreases, its energy also decreases, according to the equation E = hf, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, and f is frequency. The speed of electromagnetic radiation (such as light) in a vacuum is constant, and changes in frequency or wavelength do not affect it. The amplitude of the magnetic and electric field components determines their strength, not the frequency.

Question 4

Suppose a laser emits light in the visible region of the spectrum at 4.62 * 10¹⁴ s^-1.What color is the light?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose a laser emits light in the...

Question 5

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?

Accepted Answer

Radio waves have the lowest frequency among the options listed. Electromagnetic radiation is arranged on the spectrum from high frequency (gamma rays) to low frequency (radio waves), with radio waves having the longest wavelength and lowest frequency.

Question 6

Which statement about electromagnetic radiation is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic radiation encompasses a broad spectrum, including visible light, but also includes invisible forms such as ultraviolet, infrared, X-rays, and radio waves. Therefore, not all electromagnetic radiation is visible to the eye.

Question 7

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?

Accepted Answer

X-rays have a higher frequency than ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, and radio waves in the electromagnetic spectrum. Higher frequency corresponds to shorter wavelengths and more energy per photon.

Question 8

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the highest frequency?

Accepted Answer

The frequency of a photon is inversely proportional to its wavelength. The ArF laser with a wavelength of 193 nm has the shortest wavelength among the options, which means it emits photons with the highest frequency.

Question 9

What is the wavelength ($\lambda$, in meters) of a radio station operating at a frequency of 99.6 MHz?

Accepted Answer

The wavelength can be calculated using the formula: wavelength = speed of light / frequency. The speed of light is approximately 3.00 x 10^8 m/s. For a frequency of 99.6 MHz (which is 99.6 x 10^6 Hz), the wavelength is approximately 3.01 meters.

Question 10

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the lowest energy?

Accepted Answer

The energy of a photon is inversely proportional to its wavelength. The Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm has the longest wavelength, thus it emits photons with the lowest energy.

Question 11

Cesium atomic clocks are based on the emission of microwave radiation at 9,192,631,770 Hz by cesium-133.The wavelength corresponding to this frequency is closest in value to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The wavelength ($\lambda$) can be calculated using the formula $\lambda = \frac{c}{f}$, where $c$ is the speed of light ($3 \times 10^8$ m/s) and $f$ is the frequency (9,192,631,770 Hz). Plugging in the values, $\lambda = \frac{3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s}}{9,192,631,770 \, \text{Hz}} \approx 0.0326 \, \text{m}$ or approximately 3 cm.

Question 12

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength among the options listed, placing them at the highest frequency and energy end of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The speed of a photon in a vacuum is constant and does not depend on its wavelength. This is a fundamental principle of physics, where the speed of light in a vacuum is always approximately $3.00 \times 10^8$ meters per second, regardless of the wavelength or frequency of the light.

Question 14

Which statement about Rutherford's model of the atom is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford's model focused on the nucleus and the distribution of electrons around it but did not detail the specific arrangement of electrons within the atom. This aspect was later addressed by the Bohr model and quantum mechanical models.

Question 15

Fraunhofer lines are due to _______.

Accepted Answer

Fraunhofer lines are dark lines in the solar spectrum caused by the absorption of specific wavelengths of light by atoms in the solar atmosphere. These lines are essentially the fingerprints of different elements present in the Sun, as each element absorbs light at specific wavelengths.

Question 16

Which of the following occurs only in discrete (quantized) increments?

Accepted Answer

Money is quantized because it is counted in discrete units (such as cents, pennies, etc.) that cannot be subdivided infinitely.

Question 17

What is the frequency ($\nu$ in hertz) of the photons emitted by a HeNe laser with a wavelength ($\lambda$) of 632.8 nm?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the frequency ($\nu$ in hertz)...

Question 18

In comparing the Fraunhofer lines with light emitted by elements in a flame, Bunsen and Kirchhoff demonstrated that _______.

Accepted Answer

Bunsen and Kirchhoff's experiments showed that atoms emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation at specific, characteristic wavelengths, which is fundamental to understanding atomic spectra and the composition of stars.

Question 19

The speed of light generally decreases when it passes through media other than a vacuum.The speed, v, is approximately c (2.998 *10⁸m/s) divided by a quantity called the medium's refractive index, $\eta$.In which of the following would the frequency of 193 nm light be the lowest? ($\nu$ = c/ $\eta$; c =$\lambda$$\nu$)

Accepted Answer

The frequency of light does not change when it passes through different media; it is the speed and wavelength that change. The question's premise about frequency being lowest is incorrect. However, the refractive index affects the speed of light in a medium, and diamond has the highest refractive index listed, implying it would slow the light the most if the question were about speed.

Question 20

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?

Accepted Answer

Radio waves have the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum, much longer than gamma rays, X-rays, visible light, and infrared.

Quiz 3: Atomic Structure Explaining the Properties of Elements

Which of the following is quantized?

The Fraunhofer lines are evidence that _______.

As the frequency of electromagnetic radiation decreases, which statement below is TRUE?

Suppose a laser emits light in the visible region of the spectrum at 4.62 * 10¹⁴ s^-1.What color is the light?

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?

Which statement about electromagnetic radiation is NOT correct?

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the highest frequency?

What is the wavelength ( $\lambda$ , in meters) of a radio station operating at a frequency of 99.6 MHz?

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the lowest energy?

Cesium atomic clocks are based on the emission of microwave radiation at 9,192,631,770 Hz by cesium-133.The wavelength corresponding to this frequency is closest in value to which of the following?

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which statement about Rutherford's model of the atom is NOT correct?

Fraunhofer lines are due to _______.

Which of the following occurs only in discrete (quantized) increments?

What is the frequency ( $\nu$ in hertz) of the photons emitted by a HeNe laser with a wavelength ( $\lambda$ ) of 632.8 nm?

In comparing the Fraunhofer lines with light emitted by elements in a flame, Bunsen and Kirchhoff demonstrated that _______.

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?

Quiz 3: Atomic Structure Explaining the Properties of Elements

Which of the following is quantized?

The Fraunhofer lines are evidence that _______.

As the frequency of electromagnetic radiation decreases, which statement below is TRUE?

Suppose a laser emits light in the visible region of the spectrum at 4.62 * 1014 s-1.What color is the light?

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?

Which statement about electromagnetic radiation is NOT correct?

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the highest frequency?

What is the wavelength ( λ\lambdaλ , in meters) of a radio station operating at a frequency of 99.6 MHz?

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the lowest energy?

Cesium atomic clocks are based on the emission of microwave radiation at 9,192,631,770 Hz by cesium-133.The wavelength corresponding to this frequency is closest in value to which of the following?

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which statement about Rutherford's model of the atom is NOT correct?

Fraunhofer lines are due to _______.

Which of the following occurs only in discrete (quantized) increments?

What is the frequency ( ν\nuν in hertz) of the photons emitted by a HeNe laser with a wavelength ( λ\lambdaλ ) of 632.8 nm?

In comparing the Fraunhofer lines with light emitted by elements in a flame, Bunsen and Kirchhoff demonstrated that _______.

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?

Suppose a laser emits light in the visible region of the spectrum at 4.62 * 10¹⁴ s^-1.What color is the light?

What is the wavelength ( $\lambda$ , in meters) of a radio station operating at a frequency of 99.6 MHz?

What is the frequency ( $\nu$ in hertz) of the photons emitted by a HeNe laser with a wavelength ( $\lambda$ ) of 632.8 nm?