Question 1

Which of the following is NOT assessed by the Four-Front Approach?

Accepted Answer

The Four-Front Approach focuses on assessing strengths, weaknesses, and environmental factors but does not specifically assess medical history.

Question 2

Which of the following is a reason why work on optimal human functioning lagged behind work on mental illness?

Accepted Answer

The reasons for the lag in work on optimal human functioning include the perception that positive mental health occurs passively, the belief that remediation of mental illness requires more resources, and the prioritization of alleviating suffering over enhancing well-being.

Question 3

What have developmental psychopathology scholars discovered during the past 25 years?

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychopathology scholars have made significant progress in understanding why certain individuals develop specific disorders, focusing on a variety of factors including genetic, environmental, and their interactions, rather than attributing mental disorders solely to childhood events or genetics.

Question 4

What publication of the American Psychiatric Association is the standard mental illness guide?

Accepted Answer

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is the standard guide published by the American Psychiatric Association for diagnosing mental disorders.

Question 5

According to your authors, what is the underlying fascination that students have in asking the question "what is normal"?

Accepted Answer

The underlying fascination with the question "what is normal" stems from a healthy attempt to make sense out of the world. This reflects a natural curiosity and a desire to understand how one fits into the broader spectrum of human behavior and thought processes.

Question 6

How many characteristics of the mentally healthy person did Marie Johada identify?

Accepted Answer

Marie Jahoda identified six characteristics of a mentally healthy person.

Question 7

What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?

Accepted Answer

The Fundamental Attribution Error refers to the common human tendency to attribute other people's actions to their character or personality, while attributing our own behaviors to external, situational factors. This means we often underestimate the influence of the situation on others and overestimate it in our own case.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about how we judge behavior when we have only a small amount of information?

Accepted Answer

Negative behaviors tend to stand out more and are more likely to influence our judgments when we have limited information, a phenomenon often referred to as the negativity bias. This bias suggests that negative aspects of a situation or behavior are more likely to capture our attention and influence our perceptions and judgments than positive aspects.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of the mentally healthy person identified by Marie Jahoda?

Accepted Answer

Marie Jahoda's characteristics of mental health include the pursuit of one's potentials, accurate perceptions of the world, and the ability to master the environment and enjoy love, work, and play. The ability to suppress negative emotions is not listed among her criteria for mental health. Jahoda emphasized positive attitudes towards the self, growth, integration, autonomy, perception of reality, and environmental mastery. Suppressing negative emotions does not align with her view of mental health, which is more about managing and understanding emotions rather than suppressing them.

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

The fundamental attribution error involves attributing someone's behavior to their character or disposition rather than considering situational factors. Shirley assumes her roommate is smart based on her exam performance, ignoring other possible situational factors.

Question 11

What important lesson concerning abnormal behavior can be learned from the example of a grown woman kissing the tarmac at an airport?

Accepted Answer

Temporal context must be considered when evaluating abnormality because the behavior might be a reaction to a specific event, such as relief after a safe landing.

Question 12

Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is most likely...

Question 13

Which period of development did Chickering focus on?

Accepted Answer

Chickering focused on the college years in his theory of identity development, emphasizing the importance of this period for personal growth and development.

Question 14

Which psychologist explored the 'sane society' in which mental health was defined as "the ability to love and to create" (1955, p. 69)

Accepted Answer

Erich Fromm explored the concept of the 'sane society' in his work, emphasizing that mental health involves the capacity for love and creativity.

Question 15

Which 3 aspects of a behavior are relevant to the Fundamental Negative Bias?

Accepted Answer

The Fundamental Negative Bias refers to the tendency to give more weight to negative experiences or information than positive or neutral ones. The aspects relevant to this bias include context (the circumstances in which the behavior occurs), value (the importance or significance of the behavior), and saliency (how much the behavior stands out or is noticeable), making option D correct.

Question 16

Which of the following issues needs to be addressed by clinicians as part of mental health care?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following issues needs to...

Question 17

What is the purpose of the Four-Front Approach to conceptualization of behavior?

Accepted Answer

The Four-Front Approach to conceptualization of behavior is designed to offer a comprehensive and balanced view of a client's situation, taking into account various aspects of their life and behavior to ensure a holistic understanding. This approach does not focus solely on problems, failures, or strengths, but rather aims to provide a well-rounded perspective.

Question 18

What three criteria are commonly used to identify abnormal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Function, effects, and frequency are commonly used criteria to identify abnormal behavior. Function refers to how well the behavior allows an individual to adapt to life circumstances, effects pertain to the impact of the behavior on the individual or others, and frequency considers how often the behavior occurs in comparison to what is typical or expected.

Question 19

What additional determinant of the abnormal label did Becker (1963) identify?

Accepted Answer

Becker (1963) identified the effect of a powerful person ostracizing an action as an additional determinant of the abnormal label, emphasizing the role of power dynamics in the labeling process.

Question 20

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the mental health focus of the latter half of the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

The latter half of the 20th century in mental health was characterized by a primary focus on diagnosing and treating mental illnesses, which inherently emphasized the negative aspects of mental health. Positive psychology and a balanced focus on well-being emerged more prominently later.

Quiz 13: Balanced Conceptualizations of Mental Health and Behavior