Question 1

Walter Reckless and Simon Dinitz claimed that "good boys" have the ability to control deviant impulses. They called their approach

Accepted Answer

Containment theory, proposed by Walter Reckless and Simon Dinitz, suggests that individuals have internal and external controls that help them resist deviant impulses.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is consistent with the thinking of Emile Durkheim?

Accepted Answer

Durkheim believed that deviance plays an essential role in society by affirming cultural values and norms, promoting social cohesion, and encouraging social change.

Question 3

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is more likely to arise among

Accepted Answer

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller focus on how deviance is more likely to arise among low-income youths due to factors like subcultural values and lack of access to legitimate means of achieving success.

Question 4

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

Accepted Answer

Crime is specifically a violation of norms that have been codified into law, whereas deviance refers to any violation of societal norms, which may or may not be illegal.

Question 5

The value of psychological theories of deviance is limited because

Accepted Answer

Most people who commit crimes have normal personalities, which limits the applicability of psychological theories that focus on deviance as a result of abnormal psychological traits.

Question 6

Assume you were listening to a lecture on Durkheim's approach to deviance. Which of the following statements might well be the focus of the lecture?

Accepted Answer

Durkheim viewed deviance as a normal and necessary part of social organization, contributing to social cohesion and change.

Question 7

Every society regulates the thoughts and behavior of individuals. This process of regulation is called

Accepted Answer

Social control refers to the mechanisms, strategies, and institutions that societies use to regulate individual behavior and maintain social order.

Question 8

Which of the following sociological terms refers to the recognized violation of cultural norms?

Accepted Answer

Deviance refers to behaviors or actions that violate cultural norms, which can include laws, but also encompasses a broader range of social expectations.

Question 9

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

Accepted Answer

Crime is specifically a violation of laws, whereas deviance refers to behavior that violates social norms, which may or may not be codified into law.

Question 10

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Accepted Answer

Labeling theory suggests that deviance is not inherent in an act, but rather the result of the labels others attach to it.

Question 11

In legal terms, a crime is composed of which two components?

Accepted Answer

A crime is typically composed of two components: the act (actus reus) and the intent (mens rea). These elements must be present for an action to be considered a crime in most legal systems.

Question 12

Based on your reading, it would be correct to say that biological approaches offer

Accepted Answer

Biological approaches provide a limited understanding of crime as they often focus on genetic and physiological factors, which do not account for the complex social, environmental, and psychological influences on criminal behavior.

Question 13

Read the following statements about the social foundation of deviance. Which statement is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

Deviance is not universal; what is considered deviant varies across different cultures and societies.

Question 14

What does Chapter 7's opening story say about Bruce Glover's release from prison after serving twenty-six years?

Accepted Answer

The opening story of Chapter 7 highlights the challenges Bruce Glover faced upon his release, emphasizing his lack of resources and support after being isolated from society for so long.

Question 15

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect

Accepted Answer

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect offenses known to the police. They do not necessarily reflect all crimes that take place, offenses cleared by arrest, or offenses resulting in a criminal conviction.

Question 16

Read the following four statements. Which comes closest to the correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes?

Accepted Answer

Biological factors, including genetics, may contribute to criminal behavior, but they are only one of many factors, and their effect is generally considered to be small compared to social and environmental influences.

Question 17

Which of the following concepts refers to the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials?

Accepted Answer

The criminal justice system is the formal system that deals with alleged violations of the law, involving police, courts, and prison officials.

Question 18

Which of the following illustrates the "medicalization of deviance"?

Accepted Answer

Medicalization of deviance refers to the process by which non-normative or deviant behaviors are redefined as medical issues. All the options provided are examples of behaviors traditionally seen as deviant being reinterpreted as medical conditions.

Question 19

Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for violent and property crime

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that individuals from lower social class levels are more frequently arrested for violent and property crimes, often due to factors such as socioeconomic disadvantages and increased police surveillance in lower-income areas.

Question 20

In his study of New England Puritans, Kai Erikson concluded that

Accepted Answer

Kai Erikson concluded that even among disciplined and highly religious groups like the New England Puritans, deviance was created to clarify moral boundaries, highlighting that deviance is a social construct used to define and reinforce societal norms.

Quiz 7: Deviance

Walter Reckless and Simon Dinitz claimed that "good boys" have the ability to control deviant impulses. They called their approach

Which of the following statements is consistent with the thinking of Emile Durkheim?

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is more likely to arise among

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

The value of psychological theories of deviance is limited because

Assume you were listening to a lecture on Durkheim's approach to deviance. Which of the following statements might well be the focus of the lecture?

Every society regulates the thoughts and behavior of individuals. This process of regulation is called

Which of the following sociological terms refers to the recognized violation of cultural norms?

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

In legal terms, a crime is composed of which two components?

Based on your reading, it would be correct to say that biological approaches offer

Read the following statements about the social foundation of deviance. Which statement is NOT correct?

What does Chapter 7's opening story say about Bruce Glover's release from prison after serving twenty-six years?

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect

Read the following four statements. Which comes closest to the correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes?

Which of the following concepts refers to the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials?

Which of the following illustrates the "medicalization of deviance"?

Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for violent and property crime

In his study of New England Puritans, Kai Erikson concluded that