Question 1

If you randomly select a student from the first row of a business statistics class and then every other fifth student thereafter until you get a sample of 20 students, this is an example of a convenience sample.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of systematic sampling, not a convenience sample, because it involves selecting every nth individual from a list or queue.

Question 2

The question: "Have you used any form of illicit drugs over the past 2 months?"will most likely result in measurement error if the question is answered.

Accepted Answer

This question is asking about past drug use which is a sensitive topic and individuals may feel uncomfortable or hesitant to answer truthfully, resulting in measurement error. Additionally, some individuals may not consider certain drugs as illicit, leading to confusion in interpretation.

Question 3

Measurement error will become an ethical issue when the findings are presented without reference to sample size and margin of error.

Accepted Answer

Measurement error may affect the accuracy and reliability of the findings, but it does not necessarily become an ethical issue if sample size and margin of error are not mentioned. However, presenting misleading or incomplete information can be considered unethical.

Question 4

Measurement error can become an ethical issue when a survey sponsor chooses leading questions that guide the responses in a direction.

Accepted Answer

Leading questions can manipulate or bias survey responses, which can lead to inaccurate findings. When a survey sponsor deliberately chooses leading questions, it can become an ethical issue as it undermines the goal of obtaining unbiased and accurate information.

Question 5

The professor of a business statistics class wanted to find out the mean amount of time per week her students spent studying for the class.She divided the fifty students on her roster into ten groups starting from the first student on the roster.The first student was randomly selected from the first group.Then every tenth student was selected from the remaining students.This is an example of a cluster sample.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of systematic sampling, not cluster sampling, because every tenth student is selected after the first student is randomly chosen, rather than selecting entire groups (clusters) at random.

Question 6

SCENARIO 1-3
The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a Blu-ray player made by the company over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products.
-Referring to Scenario 1-3, the manager decides to ask a sample of customers, who have bought a Blu-ray player made by the company and filed a complaint over the past year, to fill in a survey about whether they are satisfied with the product.This method will most likely suffer from
A)nonresponse error.
B)measurement error.
C)coverage error.
D)non-probability sampling.

Accepted Answer

The method will most likely suffer from coverage error because it only includes customers who have filed a complaint, excluding those who have not, which does not accurately represent the entire population of customers who bought the Blu-ray player.

Question 7

The question "How many times have you abused illicit drugs in the last 6 months?" will most likely result in nonresponse error.

Accepted Answer

This question is sensitive in nature and may lead to social desirability bias, where respondents may not want to admit to illegal behavior. This may result in nonresponse error, where the respondent chooses not to answer the question.

Question 8

Measurement error can become an ethical issue when an interviewer purposely guides the responses in a direction.

Accepted Answer

When an interviewer purposely guides the responses in a direction, it can lead to biased or inaccurate data, which can have ethical implications if the data is used to make important decisions.

Question 9

To gather opinions on the efficacy of U.S.foreign policies, a sample of 50 faculty members is selected from the pool of university professors who have taught political science at the graduate level.This is an example of a judgment sample.

Accepted Answer

A judgment sample involves selecting individuals who are experts or knowledgeable in a particular area. In this case, the university professors who have taught political science at the graduate level would have expertise in the subject matter, making them a suitable judgment sample for the research question.

Question 10

Coverage error can become an ethical issue if a group is intentionally excluded from the frame.

Accepted Answer

Intentionally excluding a group from coverage can be considered unethical, as it can perpetuate discrimination and contribute to a lack of representation and amplification of marginalized voices. Proper journalistic ethics require fair and inclusive coverage of all groups, without prejudice or bias.

Question 11

An electronic appliance chain gathered customer opinions on their services using the customer feedback forms that are attached to the product registration forms.This is an example of a convenience sample.

Accepted Answer

The sample gathered from the customer feedback forms is not representative of the entire population and was selected based on convenience, therefore making it a convenience sample.

Question 12

The only way one can eliminate sampling error is to take the whole population as the sample.

Accepted Answer

Sampling error occurs due to the differences between the sample and the population from which it is drawn. By taking the whole population as the sample, there is no difference between the sample and population, thus eliminating sampling error.

Question 13

You stand at the main entrance to a departmental store and pick the first 20 customers that enter the store after it has opened its door for business on a single day.This is an example of a systematic sample.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a convenience sample because the selection of the first 20 customers is based on their availability and ease of access, rather than following a systematic selection process.

Question 14

The question "Is your household income last year somewhere between $50,000 and $100,000?" will most likely result in coverage error.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The question "Is your household income last...

Question 15

Selection bias occurs more frequently in systematic samples than in simple random samples.

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling involves selecting every nth element from a population, which can introduce bias if the pattern of the population coincides with the sampling interval. Simple random sampling, on the other hand, ensures that every item in the population has an equal chance of being selected, minimizing selection bias.

Question 16

Sampling error becomes an ethical issue if the findings are purposely presented without reference to sample size and margin of error so that the sponsor can promote a viewpoint that might otherwise be truly insignificant.

Accepted Answer

Sampling error is always important to report, but becomes an ethical issue if it is purposely hidden in order to promote a biased viewpoint. This can be misleading to the public and go against scientific and ethical principles of research reporting.

Question 17

The professor of a business statistics class wanted to find out the mean amount of time per week her students spent studying for the class.She divided the students into the left, right and center groups according to the location they sat in the class that day.One of these 3 groups was randomly selected and everyone in the group was asked the mean amount of time per week he/she spent studying for the class.This is an example of a cluster sample.

Accepted Answer

The sample was selected based on clusters (groups) within the class, making it a cluster sample.

Question 18

In business statistics class students sit randomly without preferences.A sample is selected by including everybody who sits in the first row.This is an example of a cluster sample.

Accepted Answer

A cluster sample is one where the population is divided into groups or clusters, and a random sample of clusters is selected to be included in the study. In this case, the first row is a cluster, and every student sitting in the first row is included in the sample.

Question 19

The question: "How much did you earn last year rounded to the nearest hundreds of dollars?" will most likely result in measurement error.

Accepted Answer

This question requires the respondents to provide an exact numerical value (rounded to the nearest hundreds), but people may not remember their exact income or may round it differently than requested, leading to measurement error.

Question 20

The sampling process begins by locating appropriate data sources called .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sampling process begins by locating appropriate...

Quiz 1: Defining and Collecting Data