Question 1

The apocrine sweat glands are primarily involved in temperature regulation.

Accepted Answer

Eccrine sweat glands, not apocrine sweat glands, are primarily involved in temperature regulation through the secretion of sweat.

Question 2

Dehydration may be voluntary or involuntary.

Accepted Answer

Dehydration can be voluntary, such as when someone chooses not to drink enough fluids, or involuntary, due to factors like illness or being in an environment where adequate water is not available.

Question 3

If an individual was exercising at an exercise intensity of 1.5 liters of oxygen per minute, and had a mechanical efficiency of 20 percent, how many heat Calories would this person generate in 30 minutes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an individual was exercising at an...

Question 4

Calculate the increase in the body temperature, in degrees Celsius, that would occur if an individual was unable to dissipate heat and was exercising at an intensity of 3 liters of oxygen per minute for 20 minutes. The athlete weighs 60 kg, her mechanical efficiency is 20 percent, and the specific heat of her body is 0.83.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Calculate the increase in the body temperature,...

Question 5

An electrolyte is a substance that, in solution, conducts an electric current and usually dissociates into ions, particles carrying either a negative or a positive electric charge.

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes are substances that, when dissolved in water, dissociate into ions, allowing the solution to conduct electricity due to the movement of these charged particles.

Question 6

All homeostatic mechanisms work by a series of feedback devices.

Accepted Answer

Homeostatic mechanisms maintain the internal environment within certain physiological limits and work primarily through feedback systems, which can be negative or positive, to regulate variables towards a set point or value.

Question 7

Body temperature refers to the internal, or core temperature, and not the external shell
temperature.

Accepted Answer

Body temperature typically refers to the internal or core temperature of an organism, which is maintained within a certain range despite external temperature variations.

Question 8

Water is the most important nutrient in the chemistry and functioning of living forms.

Accepted Answer

Water is crucial for various biological processes, including nutrient transport, waste removal, temperature regulation, and chemical reactions, making it the most important nutrient for living organisms.

Question 9

Normal body water level is normohydration, while loss of body water results in hyperhydration.

Accepted Answer

Loss of body water results in dehydration, not hyperhydration. Hyperhydration refers to an excess of water in the body.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding hyponatremia during exercise is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Hyponatremia during exercise is less common in faster runners who complete marathons in 3 hours or less. It is more often associated with slower runners who spend more time on the course, potentially consuming more fluids over the duration of the event.

Question 11

The amount of ingested fluid that enters the circulatory system depends upon two factors: gastric absorption and intestinal absorption.

Accepted Answer

The amount of ingested fluid that enters the circulatory system depends primarily on intestinal absorption, as the stomach mainly serves as a reservoir and does not significantly absorb fluids.

Question 12

Oral rehydration therapy was developed by medical scientists to decrease mortality from diarrhea, but
as yet has produced no application for sports activities.

Accepted Answer

Oral rehydration therapy, initially developed to treat dehydration from diarrhea, has been adapted for use in sports to quickly rehydrate athletes, showing its application beyond its original medical purpose.

Question 13

Insensible perspiration is the major source of sodium chloride loss in the body and accounts for
approximately 30 percent of body water loss.

Accepted Answer

Insensible perspiration primarily involves water loss and contributes minimally to sodium chloride loss. The major sources of sodium chloride loss are urine and sweat.

Question 14

During acute, moderate duration bouts of exercise, such as a 10-kilometer run, electrolyte deficiency
is a concern.

Accepted Answer

During acute, moderate duration exercise like a 10-kilometer run, the body typically does not lose enough electrolytes to cause a deficiency, as most individuals have sufficient electrolyte levels to handle this type of activity without immediate supplementation.

Question 15

If an individual generated 1,160 heat Calories while exercising for two hours, how much sweat would need to evaporate in order to prevent any change in body temperature?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an individual generated 1,160 heat Calories...

Question 16

Chloride is the major negative ion in the extra cellular fluids and works with sodium in the regulation
of body-water balance and electrical potentials across cell membranes.

Accepted Answer

Chloride is indeed the major anion (negative ion) in extracellular fluids, where it plays a key role alongside sodium in maintaining the body's water balance and the electrical gradient across cell membranes, which is essential for various physiological processes including nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction.

Question 17

An obese individual will have a greater percentage of their weight as water compared to a muscular
individual.

Accepted Answer

Muscular individuals have a higher percentage of their body weight as water because muscle tissue contains more water than fat tissue. Obese individuals have a higher proportion of fat, which contains less water.

Question 18

Hypothermia is one of the major factors limiting physical performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hypothermia is one of the major factors...

Question 19

After exercise, as compared to oral temperature recording, a rectal reading may be a more accurate
reflection of the true body temperature in an assessment of stored body heat.

Accepted Answer

Rectal temperature readings are considered more accurate than oral readings for assessing core body temperature, especially after exercise, because they are less affected by changes in the environment and the cooling effect of breathing.

Question 20

Which of the following is one of the general recommendations of the DASH diet plan to help prevent or treat high blood pressure (hypertension)?

Accepted Answer

The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) includes all of these recommendations: maintaining a healthy body weight, moderating sodium intake, eating plenty of fruits and vegetables, and limiting alcohol consumption, as part of its strategy to prevent or manage high blood pressure.

Quiz 9: Water, Electrolytes and Temperature Regulation

The apocrine sweat glands are primarily involved in temperature regulation.

Dehydration may be voluntary or involuntary.

If an individual was exercising at an exercise intensity of 1.5 liters of oxygen per minute, and had a mechanical efficiency of 20 percent, how many heat Calories would this person generate in 30 minutes?

An electrolyte is a substance that, in solution, conducts an electric current and usually dissociates into ions, particles carrying either a negative or a positive electric charge.

All homeostatic mechanisms work by a series of feedback devices.

Body temperature refers to the internal, or core temperature, and not the external shell temperature.

Water is the most important nutrient in the chemistry and functioning of living forms.

Normal body water level is normohydration, while loss of body water results in hyperhydration.

Which of the following statements regarding hyponatremia during exercise is FALSE?

The amount of ingested fluid that enters the circulatory system depends upon two factors: gastric absorption and intestinal absorption.

Oral rehydration therapy was developed by medical scientists to decrease mortality from diarrhea, but as yet has produced no application for sports activities.

Insensible perspiration is the major source of sodium chloride loss in the body and accounts for approximately 30 percent of body water loss.

During acute, moderate duration bouts of exercise, such as a 10-kilometer run, electrolyte deficiency is a concern.

If an individual generated 1,160 heat Calories while exercising for two hours, how much sweat would need to evaporate in order to prevent any change in body temperature?

Chloride is the major negative ion in the extra cellular fluids and works with sodium in the regulation of body-water balance and electrical potentials across cell membranes.

An obese individual will have a greater percentage of their weight as water compared to a muscular individual.

Hypothermia is one of the major factors limiting physical performance.

After exercise, as compared to oral temperature recording, a rectal reading may be a more accurate reflection of the true body temperature in an assessment of stored body heat.

Which of the following is one of the general recommendations of the DASH diet plan to help prevent or treat high blood pressure (hypertension) ?