Question 1

The technique that measures how atoms in living tissue respond to a magnetic pulse is called _.

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses magnetic fields and radio waves to measure how atoms in living tissue respond, providing detailed images of the body's internal structures.

Question 2

After partying with friends one night, Angela got into her car to drive herself home. She had been drinking and was involved in a tragic accident. The doctors at the hospital kept Angela alive on life support systems until her parents arrived. They explained to Angela's grief stricken parents that this structure of the brain had been damaged and without life support she would die. This structure is the _.

Accepted Answer

The medulla controls vital functions such as heartbeat and breathing. Damage to the medulla can result in the inability to sustain life without support.

Question 3

Computerized axial tomography (CAT) scans, positron emission tomography (PET) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are all examples of which method of measuring brain-behaviour relations?

Accepted Answer

These techniques are all forms of brain imaging, which allow for the visualization of brain structure and function.

Question 4

Julie was a concert pianist until she was in a serious skiing accident. As a result, she was no longer able to control the timing and coordination of her motor movements. She had sustained severe damage to her _.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating and timing motor movements. Damage to the cerebellum can result in difficulty with balance, coordination, and fine motor skills.

Question 5

In the human body, which system is responsible for activating the body for things such as the fight-or-flight response?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for activating the body's fight-or-flight response, preparing the body to respond to stress or emergencies.

Question 6

The electroencephalogram (EEG) is an example of which method of assessing the relation between the brain and behaviour?

Accepted Answer

EEG is a method of electrical recording that measures the electrical activity of the brain.

Question 7

Judith has noticed that her elderly husband is behaving differently lately. His movements have become uncoordinated, jerky, and clumsy, and he even has difficulty walking or getting up from a chair. These symptoms are most likely related to a tumour in the:

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. Tumors in this area can lead to uncoordinated, jerky, and clumsy movements, as well as difficulty with walking and balance.

Question 8

At a local university the freshman hazing involved chugging bottles of vodka. When two naïve young men fell unconscious after finishing the bottles of vodka, their girlfriends rushed them to the emergency room. It seems their basic body functions had been suppressed by the alcohol and they died from heart failure. Which portion of the brain governs these vital body functions?

Accepted Answer

The medulla is responsible for regulating vital body functions such as heart rate and breathing.

Question 9

A newborn baby is having trouble regulating her breathing and heart rate and doctors are forced to place her on life support. Given her symptoms, it is most likely that this infant may have some abnormalities in or damage to her:

Accepted Answer

The medulla is responsible for regulating vital functions such as breathing and heart rate. Damage or abnormalities in this area can lead to difficulties in these functions, necessitating life support.

Question 10

George has agreed to participate in a memory experiment where both the structure of his brain and the brain activity will be captured as he performs various memory tasks. He has been assured he will not be exposed to X-rays and the procedure is relatively non-intrusive. George will be having:

Accepted Answer

fMRI captures both brain structure and activity without using X-rays and is non-intrusive.

Question 11

In addition to playing an important role in controlling respiration, the groups of neurons that regulate sleep and dreaming are called the _.

Accepted Answer

The pons is involved in regulating sleep and dreaming, as well as playing a role in controlling respiration.

Question 12

The primary job of the ascending reticular formation is to:

Accepted Answer

The ascending reticular formation is responsible for alerting the brain to incoming information, playing a crucial role in maintaining consciousness and attention.

Question 13

The technique that measures the amount of harmless radioactive glucose used by the brain is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A positron emission tomography (PET) scan measures the amount of radioactive glucose used by the brain to assess brain activity.

Question 14

A person who has just suffered a head trauma due to a car accident is given the "Trail Making Test" by a psychologist in order to assess the person's memory and planning abilities. This test is an example of which method of studying brain-behaviour relations?

Accepted Answer

The "Trail Making Test" is a neuropsychological test used to assess cognitive functions such as memory and planning abilities, which are often affected by brain injuries.

Question 15

The structure of the human brain can be said to mirror an archaeological site because:

Accepted Answer

The human brain's structure is often compared to an archaeological site because the more recently developed brain structures, like the cerebral cortex, are built atop the older brain structures, such as the brainstem and limbic system, which are responsible for basic life functions.

Question 16

Alexis is riding her bicycle to school one day and slides on some loose gravel at the bottom of a hill. Her bike flies out from under her and she loses consciousness. At the
Hospital, Alexis does not seem oriented to the situation and cannot remember even riding her bike let alone falling. The doctors wish to take pictures of the structure of her brain
To determine whether or not there are injuries. To do this, they use a(n) _.

Accepted Answer

A CT scan is used to take detailed images of the brain's structure to identify any injuries.

Question 17

The area of the brain that plays a role in vital life functions, such as heart rate and respiration, is the:

Accepted Answer

The medulla is responsible for regulating vital life functions such as heart rate and respiration.

Question 18

A CT scan is used to study brain while the PET scan is used to examine brain ________.

Accepted Answer

A CT scan is used to study the structures of the brain, while a PET scan is used to examine brain activity.

Question 19

To measure brain-behaviour relations, this method uses highly concentrated X-rays to take pictures of narrow slices of the brain. This method is called _.

Accepted Answer

Computerized axial tomography (CT) scan uses X-rays to create detailed images of the brain, capturing narrow slices to study brain-behavior relations.

Question 20

During brain surgery, a physician places a small electrode on various portions of the patient's exposed cerebral cortex. Though the patient is anaesthetized, he is still conscious and the physician asks him to report what he experiences when different parts of the brain are electrically activated. This physician is using which method of studying the relation between the brain and behaviour?

Accepted Answer

The physician is using stimulation techniques by electrically activating different parts of the brain to study the relationship between brain activity and the patient's reported experiences.

Quiz 3: Biological Foundations of Behaviour