Question 1

When you are studying and attempting to retain material, the directed questions study method is _.

Accepted Answer

The directed questions study method is more effective than simply reading textual material because it actively engages the learner, promotes critical thinking, and enhances retention by requiring the learner to process and apply the information.

Question 2

According to the behavioural perspective, depression is the result of:

Accepted Answer

The behavioural perspective suggests that depression results from a lack of positive reinforcement or rewards in the environment, leading to a decrease in engaging in pleasurable activities.

Question 3

Julie wants to earn good grades in college and planned to devote enough time studying to succeed. However, Julie's apartment is a mess, and although it is the quietest place to study, she cannot focus on studying when she is surrounded by the mess. Julie decides to clean up her apartment and then she is too tired to study. Julie has a problem with:

Accepted Answer

Julie is struggling with prioritizing her tasks, as she is unable to balance cleaning and studying effectively, leading to exhaustion and inability to study.

Question 4

What are the four classes of academic performance enhancement strategies?

Accepted Answer

The four classes of academic performance enhancement strategies are time management, study skills, test-preparation strategies, and test-taking skills. These encompass planning, effective learning techniques, preparing for exams, and strategies for taking tests.

Question 5

Bob is mildly depressed. Because of his generally negative attitude and hopelessness, Bob's friends, who typically enjoy his company, no longer want to spend time with him. The impact of Bob's depression on his friends is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Bob's negative attitude and hopelessness (behavioural factors) are affecting his social environment, as his friends no longer want to spend time with him (environmental factors).

Question 6

When deconstructing a disorder such as depression, the presence or strength of one factor influences the effects of other factors. This presence of one factor influencing the effect of another factor is called an:

Accepted Answer

An interaction occurs when the effect of one factor depends on the presence or level of another factor, which is what is described in the context of deconstructing a disorder like depression.

Question 7

Research on depression in various cultures has found that the symptom patterns of depression are different in various cultures and that the relative occurrence of depression is in various cultures.

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that depression is more prevalent in women than in men across various cultures.

Question 8

The specialty area in psychology that focuses on how the presence of other people influences an individual's behaviour, thoughts, and feelings is called:

Accepted Answer

Social psychology is the field that studies how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.

Question 9

A person who is depressed begins eating poorly and quits exercising. These behaviours in turn result in a change in the person's physiology. This would be an example of:

Accepted Answer

The person's behaviour (poor eating and quitting exercise) is affecting their biology (physiological changes).

Question 10

Research looking at the effectiveness of different study techniques found that in general, study techniques:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research looking at the effectiveness of different...

Question 11

The specialty area in psychology that focuses on the study of nonhuman species in natural and laboratory environments is:

Accepted Answer

Comparative psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the behavior and mental processes of nonhuman animals, often in comparison to humans, in both natural and laboratory settings.

Question 12

Two people are witnesses to a violent earthquake. One person is mildly upset by this event and copes well with it. The other person, who has a biological predisposition to anxiety, becomes very stressed after the event, has difficulty coping with it, and eventually gets ill. Because the effects of the earthquake differed, depending on whether the person had the predisposition of anxiety or not, this would be an example of an:

Accepted Answer

This scenario is an example of an interaction because the effect of the earthquake on stress levels and coping ability depends on the individual's predisposition to anxiety.

Question 13

Which of the following was mentioned as a strategy that is often used by test-wise students?

Accepted Answer

Test-wise students often use the strategy of immediately ruling out obviously incorrect answers to improve their chances of selecting the correct one.

Question 14

Research on the psychological causes of depression has found that clinically depressed people:

Accepted Answer

Clinically depressed individuals often exhibit a negative cognitive triad, which includes a hopeless attitude towards the world, the future, and themselves.

Question 15

If you wanted to understand some of the important causes of depression and you paid attention to the negative thinking that often accompanies depression, you would be interpreting depression from which level of analysis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you wanted to understand some of...

Question 16

The three important principles of effective time management are:

Accepted Answer

Creating written schedules, prioritizing tasks, and monitoring progress are key principles for managing time effectively.

Question 17

One major theme in psychology emphasizes that our biological endowment and our personal experiences interact to influence how we behave. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The theme of nature and nurture interacting highlights how both genetic factors (nature) and environmental influences (nurture) work together to shape behavior and development.

Question 18

Since he was a little boy, Niko wanted to help people be healthy and he always thought he would be a doctor when he grew up. Now in university, Niko is reluctant to commit to pre-medical studies because he has seen the overuse of medication, and he believes he
Can help people without drugs. Which of the following career paths in psychology might Niko consider?

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology involves helping individuals with mental health issues and can include non-drug therapies, aligning with Niko's desire to help people without using medication.

Question 19

Psychology can be defined generally as the scientific study of the mind.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychology can be defined generally as the...

Question 20

A specialty area that focuses on the study of basic processes such as learning, perception, and motivation is called:

Accepted Answer

Experimental psychology is the specialty area that focuses on studying basic processes like learning, perception, and motivation through controlled experiments.

Quiz 1: Psychology: the Science of Behaviour