Question 1

Which interventions does the nurse implement when providing care for a patient who is admitted for the treatment of active tuberculosis? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which interventions does the nurse implement when...

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient who is admitted to the unit with tuberculosis (TB). The patient is placed in isolation. To protect the caregivers and other patients on the unit, which type of isolation room is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Patients with tuberculosis (TB) should be placed in an isolation room with an anteroom and negative air flow to prevent the spread of airborne particles. Negative air flow ensures that air flows into the room, not out into the surrounding areas, reducing the risk of contaminating other areas.

Question 3

In providing teaching for a patient recently diagnosed with an active tuberculosis (TB) infection, the nurse incorporates teaching about which medications? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The standard treatment for active tuberculosis (TB) infection includes a combination of antibiotics to ensure the bacteria are fully eradicated and to prevent the development of drug resistance. The primary medications used include Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Rifampin. Vancomycin is not used in the treatment of TB; it is typically used for severe bacterial infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, such as MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus).

Question 4

The school nurse is planning a teaching session with the parents of students to reduce the spread of the influenza virus throughout the school. What should the nurse include when teaching the parents about minimizing the chance of spread of influenza? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Influenza is primarily spread through respiratory droplets when people cough or sneeze, so "Cover your cough" education (A) and appropriate hand hygiene (B) are essential measures to prevent its spread. Sanitizing high-touch items (D) can also reduce the transmission of the virus. Safe food preparation and storage (C) is important for preventing foodborne illnesses but not specifically for influenza. Getting the influenza vaccine is crucial, but the timing should be in the fall, not early summer (E), to ensure protection throughout the flu season.

Question 5

The nurse reads tuberculin skin test (TST) results for a group of patients. Which patient does the nurse document as a positive result in the medical record?

Accepted Answer

The patient who uses intravenous (IV) drugs and has an induration of 11 mm is considered to have a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) result. According to CDC guidelines, an induration of 10 mm or greater is considered positive in individuals who use IV drugs, recent immigrants from high-prevalence countries, residents and employees of high-risk congregate settings, mycobacteriology laboratory personnel, persons with clinical conditions that place them at high risk, and children under 4 years of age.

Question 6

The nurse correlates which risk factors with tuberculosis? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Tuberculosis (TB) risk factors include conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of exposure to TB or that might affect the immune system's ability to fight off the bacteria. Homelessness (A) and incarceration (B) are associated with crowded living conditions, which can facilitate the spread of TB. Additionally, certain racial and ethnic groups, including Hispanic individuals (D), have higher reported rates of TB, which can be due to a variety of socioeconomic and genetic factors, as well as disparities in access to healthcare. Caucasian race (C) and obesity (E) are not specifically correlated with an increased risk of tuberculosis.

Question 7

On assuming care for a patient being treated for tuberculosis, which assessment finding requires immediate attention by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, requires immediate attention as it could indicate a worsening of the patient's condition or a serious complication such as a pneumothorax or extensive pulmonary disease.

Question 8

A patient is with a severe influenza infection is placed on droplet precautions. What actions by the nurse are relevant for this type of isolation? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Influenza is spread by droplets, so the correct precautions include wearing a surgical mask (not an N95, which is for airborne precautions), placing the patient in a private room to prevent spread to others, and wearing a gown and gloves to prevent the nurse from coming into contact with infectious droplets. Negative airflow rooms are used for airborne precautions, not droplet precautions.

Question 9

The nurse caring for a homeless patient at risk for tuberculosis (TB) includes which clinical manifestations of the disease when educating the patient? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats are all clinical manifestations of tuberculosis (TB).

Question 10

The nurse is assessing a patient with acute malaise and muscle aches. Which questions should the nurse ask to determine whether the patient is experiencing influenza? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is assessing a patient with...

Question 11

Which statement made by the patient with an active tuberculosis (TB) infection who is discharged to home receiving directly observed therapy indicates that teaching was effective?

Accepted Answer

Directly observed therapy involves a healthcare professional, such as a home-health nurse, visiting the patient to ensure they take their TB medications correctly, which is crucial for effective treatment and preventing drug resistance.

Question 12

The nurse working in the community health clinic places a purified protein derivative (PPD, or Mantoux) test on an adult's forearm and instructs him to return when for reading of the response?

Accepted Answer

The correct time frame for reading a PPD test is between 48 and 72 hours after placement. This allows sufficient time for the body to mount an immune response if TB antigens are recognized.

Quiz 24: Coordinating Care for Patients With Infectious Respiratory Disorders