Question 1

Which of the following statements is false?
A) Much Canadian coal is used in steel production.
B) Nova Scotia was a major coal producer for over a century.
C) Canada supplies over 20 countries with coal.
D) Saskatchewan is Canada's major coal producer.

Accepted Answer

Saskatchewan is not Canada's major coal producer; Alberta and British Columbia are the provinces most known for coal production in Canada. Saskatchewan does produce coal, but not to the extent of being the major producer in the country.

Question 2

Which of these statements is false?
A) Geologists can determine the most effective way of extracting a resource.
B) Geologists can determine the order and sequence of events throughout Earth's history but leave it to prospectors and miners to get valuable resources out of the ground.
C) Geologists can determine how a mineral deposit formed to aid in discovering similar deposits.
D) Geologists can predict where an economically important resource might occur.

Accepted Answer

Geologists do not leave the extraction of resources solely to prospectors and miners; they play a crucial role in determining the most effective methods for extraction and in the exploration process.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not true?
A) Abrasives are required to make machine parts.
B) Nonmetallic resources include VMS deposits.
C) Fluorite and limestone are used in steelmaking.
D) Nonmetallic resources include fertilizers for growing food.

Accepted Answer

VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) deposits are metallic resources, not nonmetallic. They are significant sources of metals like copper, zinc, and lead.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a bad effect of using fossil fuels?
A) acid precipitation
B) stream siltation
C) air pollution
D) global warming

Accepted Answer

Stream siltation is not directly caused by the use of fossil fuels. It is primarily a result of soil erosion and sediment runoff from land, often due to agricultural practices, deforestation, and construction activities, rather than the burning of fossil fuels.

Question 5

The most important fertilizer minerals, and the elements they contain, are:_________ .
A) chalcopyrite (Cu), millerite (Ni), and sphalerite (Zn)
B) apatite (P), native sulphur (S), and sylvite (K)
C) galena (Pb), halite (Cl), and kaolinite (Al)
D) albite (Na), calcite (Ca), and chromite (Cr)

Accepted Answer

B) Apatite (P), native sulphur (S), and sylvite (K) are important because they contain phosphorus, sulfur, and potassium, respectively, which are essential nutrients for plant growth and are commonly used in fertilizers.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a hydrothermal ore deposit associated with sediments?
A) MVT
B) FEDEX
C) SEDEX
D) stratiform

Accepted Answer

FEDEX deposits are not associated with sediments; they are associated with felsic volcanic rocks and are typically formed in subduction and rift environments, unlike MVT, SEDEX, and stratiform deposits which are sediment-associated.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a process that produces metallic magmatic deposits?
A) immiscibility
B) pegmatite formation
C) meteorite impacts
D) gravitational settling

Accepted Answer

Meteorite impacts are not a process that produces metallic magmatic deposits. Instead, they are extraterrestrial events that can create impact structures and sometimes distribute rare elements, but they do not involve the magmatic processes like immiscibility, pegmatite formation, or gravitational settling that directly lead to the formation of metallic deposits within the Earth's crust.

Question 8

_________can be replenished over relatively short time spans like months, years, or decades.
A) Semi- renewable resources
B) Renewable resources
C) Quasi- renewable resources
D) Non- renewable resources

Accepted Answer

Renewable resources are those that can be replenished naturally over short periods such as months, years, or decades, allowing for their sustainable use.

Question 9

__________has the largest, current production and reserves of crude oil.
A) Alberta
B) Central and eastern Saudi Arabia
C) Texas
D) The North Sea field

Accepted Answer

Central and eastern Saudi Arabia has the largest current production and reserves of crude oil, making it a critical player in the global energy market.

Question 10

_________formed during the Precambrian under reducing conditions when the atmosphere was depleted in oxygen.
A) Sulphur zones
B) Goethite veins
C) Limonite rust fillings
D) Banded iron formation (Superior type)

Accepted Answer

Banded iron formations (BIFs) are sedimentary rocks consisting of alternating layers of iron-rich minerals and silica (or chert). They primarily formed during the Precambrian era, a time when the Earth's atmosphere had very little oxygen. The reducing conditions of the early Earth's atmosphere facilitated the precipitation of iron from the oceans, leading to the formation of these extensive iron deposits.

Question 11

Contact metamorphic skarn deposits of the mineral scheelite, located in BC and Yukon, are sources of the element_________ .
A) phosphorous
B) tungsten
C) barium
D) tin

Accepted Answer

Scheelite is a calcium tungstate mineral that is a significant source of tungsten, which is why contact metamorphic skarn deposits of scheelite in BC and Yukon are sources of tungsten.

Question 12

The wealthiest 20% of the world's population (including: Australia, Canada, United States, Western Europe) directly use about_________ of the world's resources, while the poorest 25% use less than 1.5%.
A) 15%
B) 3%
C) 9%
D) 85%

Accepted Answer

The wealthiest 20% of the world's population consumes about 85% of the world's resources, highlighting a significant disparity in resource distribution and consumption globally.

Question 13

Sedimentary and residual deposits of the mineral __________supply phosphorous for phosphate fertilizers and feed additives.
A) apatite
B) fluorite
C) sylvite
D) kaolinite

Accepted Answer

Apatite is the mineral that supplies phosphorous for phosphate fertilizers and feed additives. It is a group of phosphate minerals, usually referring to hydroxylapatite, fluorapatite, and chlorapatite, with high concentrations of phosphate ions which are mined for phosphorus to be used in agriculture and industry.

Question 14

Very fine uraninite ore is called_________ .
A) radioactite
B) hornblende
C) pitchblende
D) fininite

Accepted Answer

Pitchblende is a fine-grained uraninite ore that is highly regarded for its uranium content.

Question 15

How is geothermal energy used?
A) Power lines are hooked up to geysers to generate static electricity.
B) Geothermal steam and hot water are tapped and piped to turbines that generate electric power.
C) Geothermal steam is piped to traction engines connected to the local power grid.
D) Hot springs are fed to water heaters that are plugged in to the local power grid.

Accepted Answer

Geothermal energy is harnessed by tapping into the Earth's natural heat in the form of steam and hot water. This steam and hot water are then used to drive turbines that generate electricity, making option B the correct answer.

Question 16

What is a popular saying among geologists concerning natural resources?
A) When do we eat?
B) If it can't be grown, it's gotta be mined.
C) There's gold in them thar hills.
D) Who brought the beer?

Accepted Answer

The saying "If it can't be grown, it's gotta be mined" reflects the reality that all non-renewable resources, such as minerals and metals, must be extracted from the earth if they cannot be produced through agricultural processes.

Question 17

_________is a solid substance formed when water molecules form cages that surround methane molecules.
A) Butane coagulate
B) Helium oxidate
C) Methane hydrate
D) Hydrogen silicate

Accepted Answer

Methane hydrate is a solid substance where water molecules form a cage-like structure around methane molecules, allowing large amounts of methane to be trapped in a compact form.

Question 18

_________, both calcium- bearing minerals, are the first to form in sedimentary deposits by the evaporation of sea water.
A) Chalcopyrite and bornite
B) Halite and sylvite
C) Bauxite and kaolin
D) Calcite and gypsum

Accepted Answer

Calcite and gypsum are both calcium-bearing minerals that commonly form as the first minerals in sedimentary deposits through the evaporation of seawater.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a hydrothermal ore deposit?
A) ABC
B) vein
C) disseminated
D) VMS

Accepted Answer

ABC is not a recognized type of hydrothermal ore deposit, while vein, disseminated, and VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) deposits are all types of hydrothermal ore deposits.

Question 20

_________is a solid waxy substance produced by deep burial of organic matter.
A) Oil toffee
B) Kerosene
C) Plastocene
D) Kerogen

Accepted Answer

Kerogen is a solid, waxy substance that is a precursor to oil and natural gas, formed from the deep burial and compaction of organic matter over geological time scales.

Quiz 13: Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of these statements is false?

Which of the following statements is not true?

Which of the following is not a bad effect of using fossil fuels?

The most important fertilizer minerals, and the elements they contain, are:_________ .

Which of the following is not a hydrothermal ore deposit associated with sediments?

Which of the following is not a process that produces metallic magmatic deposits?

_________can be replenished over relatively short time spans like months, years, or decades.

__________has the largest, current production and reserves of crude oil.

_________formed during the Precambrian under reducing conditions when the atmosphere was depleted in oxygen.

Contact metamorphic skarn deposits of the mineral scheelite, located in BC and Yukon, are sources of the element_________ .

The wealthiest 20% of the world's population (including: Australia, Canada, United States, Western Europe) directly use about_________ of the world's resources, while the poorest 25% use less than 1.5%.

Sedimentary and residual deposits of the mineral __________supply phosphorous for phosphate fertilizers and feed additives.

Very fine uraninite ore is called_________ .

How is geothermal energy used?

What is a popular saying among geologists concerning natural resources?

_________is a solid substance formed when water molecules form cages that surround methane molecules.

_________, both calcium- bearing minerals, are the first to form in sedimentary deposits by the evaporation of sea water.

Which of the following is not a hydrothermal ore deposit?

_________is a solid waxy substance produced by deep burial of organic matter.